scholarly journals FORMATION OF A LITERARY TYPE OF SPEECH CULTURE FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS THROUGH PERSONAL REFLECTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Людмила Викторовна Колпакова
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Personal Reflection ◽  
Communicative Behavior ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
The Individual

Введение. Рассматривается возможность формирования литературного типа речевой культуры магистрантов при помощи личностной рефлексии. Последняя позволяет учащимся осознать себя как языковую личность, выявить и проанализировать модели коммуникативного поведения и возможности их изменения. При этом переживание конфликтности между сложившимся способом речевого поведения и его изменением в целях улучшения коммуникации не подавляется, а обостряется и приводит к мобилизации ресурсов языковой личности для достижения решения коммуникативных задач. Личностная рефлексия выполняет функцию самоопределения индивидуума в процессе осознания того, что коммуникация как сфера существования человека может меняться и тем самым влиять на качество отношении в обществе. Обосновывается необходимость актуализации рефлексивного механизма в обучении как ключевого качества носителя литературного типа речевой культуры по классификации О. Б. Сиротининой и И. А. Стернина. Цель – анализ влияния фактора личностной рефлексии в обучении на повышение уровня речевой культуры студентов вуза. Материал и методы. Представлен учебно-методический опыт формирования литературного типа речевой культуры магистрантов в ходе изучения дисциплины «Речевая культура академического и профессионального взаимодействия». Описываются примеры практической работы со студентами по улучшению коммуникативных качеств речи как составляющих речевой культуры через самоанализ. На основании анализа ценностного отношения студентов к коммуникативным качествам речи и классификационных признаков носителей литературного типа речевой культуры выявляются проблемные стороны ее формирования. Результаты и обсуждение. Выявлены наиболее уязвимые места в формировании речевой культуры. Это такие значимые качества речи, как чистота и выразительность. Основным фактором нарушения чистоты речи является лояльное отношение студентов к нецензурной лексике. Описан опыт изменения отношения к употреблению инвектив в ходе рефлексии. Анализ употребления нецензурной лексики в личной языковой практике студентов, ее функций в речи и отрицательного воздействия на коммуникацию меняет отношение к употреблению сквернословия, приводит к пониманию необходимости его ограниченного использования. Нарушение чистоты, в свою очередь, связано с нарушением выразительности речи. Важным пониманием необходимости развития этого качества становится, во-первых, осознание студентами влияния экспрессии и образности речи на адресата, во-вторых, понимание индивидуальности образа как выражения личности говорящего, личных переживаний, чувств, впечатлений. Заключение. Использование рефлексии решает задачу саморазвития, выявления личных языковых проблем и речевых недостатков и возможность работы с ними в дальнейшем с целью формирования литературного типа речевой культуры. Introduction. The article discusses the possibility of forming a literary type of speech culture of undergraduates with the help of personal reflection, which allows students to realize themselves as a linguistic person, identify and analyze models of communicative behavior and the possibility of changing them. At the same time, the experience of conflict between the established way of speech behavior and its change in order to improve communication is not suppressed, but exacerbated and leads to the mobilization of the resources of the linguistic personality to achieve the solution of communicative tasks. Personal reflection performs the function of self-determination of the individual in the process of realizing that communication as a sphere of human existence can change and thereby affect the quality of attitudes in society. The author substantiates the need to actualize the reflexive mechanism in learning as a key quality of the bearer of the literary type of speech culture, according to the classification of O. B. Sirotinina, I. A. Sternin. Aim and objectives. Analysis of the influence of the factor of personal reflection in teaching on improving the level of speech culture of university students. Material and methods. Further, the article presents the educational and methodological experience of the formation of the literary type of speech culture of undergraduates in the course of studying the discipline «Speech culture of academic and professional interaction». The examples of practical work with students to improve the communicative qualities of speech as components of speech culture through introspection are described. Based on the analysis of the value attitude of students to the communicative qualities of speech and the classification features of the carriers of the literary type of speech culture, the problematic aspects of its formation are identified. Results and discussion. The result of the study is the identification of the most vulnerable places in the formation of speech culture: these are such significant qualities of speech as purity and expressiveness. The main factor in the violation of the purity of speech is the loyal attitude of students to obscene language. The article describes the experience of changing the attitude towards the use of invectives in the course of reflection. Analysis of the use of obscene language in the personal language practice of students, its functions in speech and the negative impact on communication changes the attitude towards the use of foul language, leads to an understanding of the need for its limited use. Violation of purity, in turn, is associated with a violation of the expressiveness of speech. An important understanding of the need to develop this quality becomes, firstly, students’ awareness of the influence of expression and imagery of speech on the addressee, and secondly, understanding the individuality of the image as an expression of the speaker’s personality, personal experiences, feelings, impressions. Conclusion. The article concludes that an important task of using reflection is the task of self-development, the identification of personal language problems and speech deficiencies and the possibility of working with them in the future in order to form a literary type of speech culture.

scholarly journals SOCIO-CULTURAL FEATURES OF SPEAKERS’ COMMUNICATIVE BEHAVIOR IN DIFFERENT SOCIAL ROLES AND THEIR TRANSLATION INTO UKRAINIAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Myroslava Lohvynenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Roles ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Communicative Behavior ◽  
Communication Situations ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cultural Features ◽  
Linguistic Means

The article is a study of the features of the individual’s communicative behavior, when implementing different social roles. By analyzing the concept of the social role and status, author puts forward the classification of the most frequent social roles represented by an individual in formal and informal communication situations (that of a father, lecturer, friend, colleague, employer, employee, consultant). The work is based on the number of studied and investigated dialogical fragments, where one character appears in different social roles and uses various language means. Having considered typical communicative situations, the author also singles out linguistic and extra-linguistic means which mark the changes of speaker’s social roles, namely: elevated, sarcastic, polite, sad, ironic, joyful, neutral, strict, humorous, angry, contemptuous, intrusive, friendly, confident and other tones as well as smile, frown and raised eyebrows, laugh, direct eye contact, pointing finger, pointing the hand etc. At the next stage of the analysis the author reveals the language means that mark the changes of the speaker's social roles as well as outlines the difficulties, connected with their translation into Ukrainian. Translation of the dialogical fragments was studied in order to find out types of rendition of the means that indicate realization of different social roles by the speaker. Non-verbal communication was also researched, aiming to find out correlation between the social role of the speaker and the means, used by the speaker, according to his social role. As a result, the paper presents the analysis of such means of translation as transliteration, transcription, antonymous, descriptive, and contextual tracing, literal types of translation as well as their dependence on the social role of the speaker. So the components of intercourse let communicative behavior of the individual to be comprehensively considered. Thereby, the results of the study, their representation in per cents, as well as examples of the communicative situations and their analysis, are represented in the following article.

scholarly journals relationship between circadian rhythm and severity of psoriasis and obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Ya.O. Yemchenko ◽  
◽  
K.Ye. Ischeikin ◽  
I.P. Kaidashev ◽  
O.V. Bezeha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
High Negative Correlation ◽  
Disease Impact ◽  
Very High

The research aim is to identify the correlation between circadian rhythm in terms of changes in the chronotype of human working capacity and severity of psoriasis progression, obesity, and the disease impact on the quality of patients' life. Materials and Methods. The research focuses on the determination of the PASI, BMI, DIAG indexes and a patient's chronotype of working capacity. Results and Discussion. The results of the correlation analysis showed a very high negative correlation between chronotype of patients' working capacity and BMI. They also demonstrated a high negative correlation between PASI and DIAG indicators and chronotype of patients' working capacity. Conclusions. The circadian rhythm changes to the evening chronotype of human working capacity contribute to psoriasis worsening, weight gain, and negative impact of the disease on the quality of patients' life.

Effectiveness and Efficacy of Therapeutic Interventions Performed by Nurses for Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review

2022 ◽  
pp. 107839032110681
Author(s):  
Roslaine Ifran Amaral ◽  
Fernanda Cirne Lima Weston ◽  
Vânia Naomi Hirakata ◽  
Adriana Aparecida Paz ◽  
Ana Cristina Wesner
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
The Individual

BACKGROUND: Anxiety disorders are characterized by excessive anxiety, fear, and behavioral disorders that can lead the individual to have losses in daily, social, and work activities, generating a negative impact on their quality of life. AIM: To evaluate the quality of evidence of the therapeutic interventions performed by nurses for anxiety disorders. METHOD: An analysis of the quality of evidence was performed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. The systematic review protocol was registered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Prospero), CRD420202939. RESULTS: The interventions performed by nurses were effective ( d = 0.44), with significant improvement in reducing anxiety levels, reducing drug use, and improving self-control. CONCLUSIONS: The study indicates that therapeutic interventions performed by nurses are beneficial for individuals who suffer from anxiety disorders, with significant improvement in reducing anxiety levels, reducing medication use, improving self-control, and remission of anxiety symptoms.

Classification of the Oxbow Lakes of the Hármas-Körös River and Determination of Ways for Further Exploiting the Various Water Regions in the Light of the Water Framework Directive

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Józsa Vilmos ◽  
Jacek Kozłowski ◽  
Anna Zróbek-Sokolnik ◽  
Krzysztof Kozłowski ◽  
Piotr Dynowski
Keyword(s):  
Fishery Management ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Oxbow Lakes ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City

Hármas-Koros river lies between the mouth of the Tisza and the city Békés. In the nineteenth century, the work of regulatory her bed was made, which resulted in 44 oxbow lakes were created, of which 36 still exist till today. In presented work 14 oxbow lakes was selected and the following objectives were carried out: 1. The classification of oxbow lakes based on selected criteria: the manner and intensity of water exchange, sediment thickness, redox potential, usage, ichtiofouna. 2. The assessment of the state of spawning and its impact on ichtiofauna. 3. Determination the best methods of water management in particular types of oxbow lakes, which could stop their further degradation. The obtained results led to the following conclusions: - Tested oxbow lakes belong to different categories - Anthropogenic factors had a negative effect on the conditions of fish reproduction and survival of their juvenile stages. - The management of fisheries was not a factor differentiating the individual water regions, but had an impact on the ecological status. - For the maintenance and/or improvement of the natural environment of the individual oxbow lakes significant impact may have fishery management, carried out in the following years.

Methods for Determination of Rubber to Cord Bond Strength

1959 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 898-906
Author(s):  
R. V. Uzina ◽  
L. S. Gromova ◽  
S. A. Vasil'eva
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Single Thread ◽  
Vulcanized Rubber ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Cord Fabric ◽  
Fabric Structures

Abstract In selecting methods for determination of rubber to cord bond strength it is necessary to consider the factors which are subject to variation in the system— the type of cord, the composition of the vulcanized rubber, or the composition of the impregnant. The selection (composition) of the methods of assessment of bond strength was carried out in the present study while keeping the type of cord and the rubber compositions constant ; only the composition of the impregnant was varied. Up to the present there has been no single laboratory method for evaluating rubber to cord bond strength for the determination of the service quality of rubber-fabric structures. The bond strength in such a system is assessed in the majority of cases by the use of a series of methods. The existing methods may be systematized according to the nature of the deformation (static or dynamic), the nature of the specimen (with single thread of cord or with cord fabric) and so on. We adopted the following classification of methods: 1). Determination of bond strength of a single thread of cord with the rubber; 2). Determination of bond strength of rubber to fabric model specimens. Determination of bond strength of a single thread of cord with rubber is an exceptionally widely used type of testing in the rubber industry. It is based either on the principle of stripping of a single thread of cord from the rubber under pressure, or on the principle of pull-out of a thread of cord from a rubber specimen.

An Improved Periodic Acid Fuchsin Sulfite Staining Method for Evaluation of Glycoproteins

1958 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 476-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren F McGuckin ◽  
Bernard F McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Paper Electrophoresis ◽  
Acid Control ◽  
Chemical Determination ◽  
Disease Entities ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Modification of the Köiw and Grönwall procedure for the staining of glycoproteins separated by paper electrophoresis has adapted this method to papers of the Whatman 3MM class, with achievement of results comparable to those reported by direct chemical determination of hexose in the individual protein fractions. Preliminary concentration of specimen fluids was achieved by ultrafiltration through collodion sacks. A preliminary wash of the oven-dried paper strips with 95 per cent ethanol was found essential to clear the paper of buffer salts and insure that the pH in the oxidation procedure remained in the 3.0-3.5 range. Close control of the reagent composition and timing of each step were found necessary. Inclusion of 40 per cent ethanol in the oxidation bath and immersion of dry strips were required to insure rapid penetration of the periodic acid. Control of the oxidation procedure at 20 ± 0.5° for 12 minutes was of prime necessity to maintain a low background color. Also, the concentrations of hydrochloric acid in the dye bath and in the wash solutions were found to affect the quality of the final stain. The ethanol wash served to remove residual sulfite and hydrochloric acid and stabilize the color. The new method has been applied to the analysis of several body fluids of normal persons and patients with certain disease entities, and satisfactory glycoprotein distribution patterns have been obtained.

scholarly journals Clinical Procedures for the Prevention of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 659-668
Author(s):  
Nádya Santos Moura ◽  
Maria Luziene Sousa Gomes ◽  
Ivana Rios Rodrigues ◽  
Daniel Lorber Rolnik ◽  
Fabrício Silva Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Guideline Development ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Mcmaster University

Abstract Objective To identify the most effective procedures recommended for the prevention of preeclampsia. Data Sources A systematic review was performed in the following databases: Pubmed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane and LILACS via the Virtual Health Library (VHL). A manual search was also performed to find additional references. The risk of bias, the quality of the evidence, and the classification of the strength of the recommendations were evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. Selection of Studies In the initial search in the databases, the total number of articles retrieved was 351, and 2 were retrieved through the manual search; after duplicate articles were removed, 333 citations remained. After a thorough review of the titles and abstracts, 315 references were excluded. Accordingly, 18 articles were maintained for selection of the complete text (phase 2). This process led to the exclusion of 6 studies. In total, 12 articles were selected for data extraction and qualitative synthesis. Data Collection The articles selected for the study were analyzed, and we inserted the synthesis of the evidence in the online software GRADEpro Guideline Development Tool (GDT) (McMaster University and Evidence Prime Inc. All right reserved. McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontário, Canada); thus, it was possible to develop a table of evidence, with the quality of the evidence and the classification of the strength of the recommendations. Data Synthesis In total, seven studies recommended the individual use of aspirin, or aspirin combined with calcium, heparin or dipyridamole. The use of calcium alone or in combination with phytonutrients was also highlighted. All of the studies were with women at a high risk of developing preeclampsia. Conclusion According to the studies evaluated, the administration of aspirin is still the best procedure to be used in the clinical practice to prevent preeclampsia.

scholarly journals Analysis of assessment criteria for selected systems of transport means operation

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Łukasz Muślewski ◽  
Leszek Knopik ◽  
Bogdan Landowski ◽  
Oleh Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Time Moment ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Sociotechnical System ◽  
Human Driver ◽  
System Functioning ◽  
Technical Systems

The problems discussed in the study are connected with evaluation of complex technical systems functioning, in particular, transport systems. It was assumed that evaluation of their functioning depends on fulfilment degree of selected criteria. Therefore, it is important to determine a set of criteria including their type, number and importance. Since the research object is a public city transport system considered to be a sociotechnical system of the type: human (driver) –machine (vehicle) and the environment <H-M-E>, the criteria to be used for the assessment must include behavior of humans, operation of transport means, and the environmental impact. Thus, selection and determination of importance of significant, time variable, measurable and independent characteristics whose values, in a given time moment or a given time interval, define fulfillment degree of the criteria provide the basis for evaluation of such systems functioning. The quality of technical systems functioning in time is assessed on the basis of the criteria fulfilment degree or comparison and classification of different systems of the same type. It needs to be emphasized that the choice of optimal methods for selection of relevant criteria and determination of their impact on the analyzed system functioning is the research subject of study.

Security Design

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
Paweł Kępka
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Security Design ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
Protected Values ◽  
The Individual

The article presents issues related to  security design including, among others, the classification of security design, criteria for its division, the essence of design, security interests and objectives, security determinants (environment), concepts for safety-enhancing activities under specified conditions, security potential and the concept of security enhancing activities. The considerations are based on the assumption that security is first and foremost based on the need to protect against the real risks posed by elements that could negatively affect individuals, communities or entire countries. On the other hand, the long history, beyond the defined approach to  providing security, resulting strictly from the willingness to  live in  a  specific environment (space), indicates cases in which the sense of security is related to the authority, capabilities, quality of assets and resources possessed. Both of the approaches presented emphasise that, regardless of their attitude, the issue of protection of human life and health is the most important category of things to be protected. The first approach indicates a reactionary character, closely related to intervention in respect of a given threat (real or imaginary), while the second one draws the perspective of organising the security potential that constitutes the strength of the individual in general, including the case of a real threat. It is a sign of preparing resources (legal, organisational, material, financial, informational) for the potential threat from nature, another person or a country. The concepts defined for preparing for what becomes a threat to the protected values are not only logical, but can also be seen in a hierarchical way. The proof in this case is that, first of all, people repel what threatens them here and now and only then do they think about building their security potential as an answer to what they may face in the future.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on the Dietary Habits of Middle-Class Population in Mulund, Mumbai, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidhi Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Early Implementation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

In India, the SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 pandemic has grown to 112,359 cases and 3,435 deaths as per 21st May, 2020. The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) affected the world with 4,893,186 cases and 323,256 deaths as of 21st May, 2020. The WHO declared the outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern on 30th January, 2020 and it was declared as a pandemic in March 2020. Clinical studies conducted on hospitalized cases show that the onset of COVID-19 is associated with symptoms commonly associated with viral pneumonia, most commonly fever, cough/sore throat and myalgia/fatigue. COVID-19 world pandemic imposed a new set of challenges for the individual to maintain a healthy diet. When compared to the USA, India is currently facing lesser cases of the pandemic because of early implementation of the preventive measures such as a lockdown. Because of the lockdown imposed, India has and is facing a downfall in every aspect, such as the economy, the agriculture, the health sector, the IT and management sectors and also tourism. This in turn, will have a negative impact on the quality of life and economy in India. The present paper aims to find out the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the health sector and is based on the results obtained from a survey about the eating patterns of participants from Mulund, Mumbai, India. It was seen that the mental stress caused due to the pandemic had an effect on the dietary behaviors of the participants.

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