scholarly journals ANDROGYNOUS MOTIVES IN LENA ELTANG’S NOVEL “STONE MAPLES” (“KAMENNYE KLEYNY”)

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-143
Author(s):  
Елена Александровна Полева
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Ontological Completeness ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Central Characters

Введение. Образ андрогина, начиная с «Пира» Платона, служит осмыслению темы любви, проблемы поиска антропологической цельности. Широкую палитру вариантов осмысления андрогинности дает модернистская литература рубежа ХIX–ХХ вв., в традиции которой вписывается творчество современного писателя Лены Элтанг. Цель – проанализировать воплощение мотива андрогина в романе Л. Элтанг «Каменные клены». Материал и методы. Работа М. Элиаде «Мефистофель и Андрогин, или Тайна целостности», исследования образа андрогина в литературе Серебряного века и философии И. А. Едошиной, Е. С. Турутиной, Н. А. Копыловой, труды Б. М. Гаспарова и И. В. Силантьева о мотивном анализе. Результаты и обсуждение. В «Каменных кленах» андрогинные мотивы проявлены в коллизиях взаимоотношений центральных персонажей Саши Сонли и Луэллина Элдерберри, сводных сестер Саши и Эдны, представлены в нескольких вариантах, включая «интерсексуальные переодевания» (М. Элиаде), жертвоприношение. Обретение любви, обеспечивающее антропологическую и онтологическую полноту бытия, сопряжено с преодолением трудностей (мотивы прохождения испытаний, разгадывания загадок, выбор суженого). Соединение двух людей в гармоничное целое передано через метафорические образы женщины и мужчины: «автор – читатель», «хозяйка гостиницы – постоялец». Л. Элтанг принципиально дистанцируется от телесной семантики мотива андрогина, актуализируя его символический смысл: соединение со второй половиной трактуется как встреча автора со своим читателем, готовым стать соавтором. Заключение. Роман Лены Элтанг «Каменные клены» вписывается в традиционную, начиная с Античности, интерпретацию образа андрогина, выражающего идею «реинтеграции противоположностей» (М. Элиаде), преодоления одиночества, обретения антропологической и онтологической полноты и целостности личности. Андрогинные мотивы раскрывают в романе темы любви и творчества. Обретение Другого и соединение с ним, подобное по сути андрогинности, дает центральным персонажам романа смысл существования. Introduction. Lena Eltang’s novel “Stone Maples” fits into the traditional, since antiquity, interpretation of the androgynous image associated with the idea of “reintegration of opposites” (M. Eliade), the problem of finding the Other to gain the anthropological and ontological completeness and integrity of the individual. The aim is to analyze the semantics of the androgynous motif in L. Eltang’s novel “Stone Maples”. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the work of M. Eliade “Mephistopheles and Androgynes”, the research of I. A. Edoshina, E. S. Turutina, N. A. Kopylova, devoted to the image of androgynes in the literature of the Silver Age and philosophy. Results and discussion. In “Stone Maples”, androgynous motifs are manifested in the conflicts between the central characters of Sasha Sonley and Llewellyn Elderberry, the half-sisters of Sasha and Edna. Androgynous motifs are presented in several versions: homosexual attraction, “intersex disguises”, sacrifice, as well as through specific metaphors of connecting two people into a harmonious whole “author-reader”, “hotel hostess-guest”. Finding love, which provides the anthropological and ontological completeness of being, is fraught with difficulties (motives for passing tests, solving riddles, choosing a betrothed). L. Eltang fundamentally distances hirself from the bodily semantics of the androgynous motif, actualizing its symbolic meaning: unity with the second half is interpreted as a meeting of the author with his reader, who is ready to become a co-author. Conclusion. Androgynous motifs reveal the themes of love and creativity in the novel. Only the acquisition of the Other gives the fullness and meaning of existence.

scholarly journals Identifying Characters of “Where Angel Fear to Tread Novel” in Teaching Literary Work

AL-TA LIM ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
Suhaimi Suhaimi
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Central Figure ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Central Characters ◽  
High Social Status

The aim of the research is to identify some characters in the novel Where Angels Fear to Tread in teaching literary works. In learning of characters, someone will understand about the term of the interests, desires, emotions, and moral those form the individual within a story. Library research was used in thid study. The experts divide characters become two characters; they are central characters and additional characters. Central characters are a character who takes the greatest part in the main character or a figure that is most telling. Volume appearance of the main character more than the other characters. Meanwhile, additional characters or subordinate figures are figures that appear once or several times, figures that support or assist the central figure. In the novel Where Angels Fear To Tread, writer found some figures or characters such as: Mrs. Herriton, Lilia, Philip, Gino, and Carroline Abbot. Each of them had different characters; Mrs Herriton was a selfish and arrogant because she came from a high social status. Lilia was a patient and never denied what was ruled by her mother in-low although sometimes she was often treated her like slaves. Philip was figured as a handsome man, his tolerance and empathy were high. Gino was figured as stupid character. Miss Abbott as a nice, quiet, dull, and friendly.

Margaret Mahy: An Adlerian Reading

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-199
Author(s):  
KATHRYN WALLS
Keyword(s):  
Young Female ◽  
The Other ◽  
Individual Psychology ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Alfred Adler ◽  
Female Protagonists ◽  
Magical Power ◽  
Margaret Mahy ◽  
The Individual

According to the ‘Individual Psychology’ of Alfred Adler (1870–1937), Freud's contemporary and rival, everyone seeks superiority. But only those who can adapt their aspirations to meet the needs of others find fulfilment. Children who are rejected or pampered are so desperate for superiority that they fail to develop social feeling, and endanger themselves and society. This article argues that Mahy's realistic novels invite Adlerian interpretation. It examines the character of Hero, the elective mute who is the narrator-protagonist of The Other Side of Silence (1995) , in terms of her experience of rejection. The novel as a whole, it is suggested, stresses the destructiveness of the neurotically driven quest for superiority. Turning to Mahy's supernatural romances, the article considers novels that might seem to resist the Adlerian template. Focusing, in particular, on the young female protagonists of The Haunting (1982) and The Changeover (1984), it points to the ways in which their magical power is utilised for the sake of others. It concludes with the suggestion that the triumph of Mahy's protagonists lies not so much in their generally celebrated ‘empowerment’, as in their transcendence of the goal of superiority for its own sake.

scholarly journals Traditions of franciscanism and pilgrimage in the life and work of A. Dobrolyubov

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (25) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. Kuznetsova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Religious Literature ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Artistic Interpretation ◽  
Historical Phenomenon ◽  
The Individual

The fate and personality of Alexander Dobrolyubov gave rise to a kind of Dobrolyubov myth about the eternal wanderer in the culture of the Russian Silver Age and in many ways unfairly obscured his literary work. The article traces the influence of Francis of Assisi on Dobrolyubov's own life-creating strategy and his contemporaries' perception of him as a «Russian Francis. The author considers the peculiarities of artistic interpretation of the whole complex of motifs associated with the fate and personality of the Italian saint in the last collection of Dobrolyubov's works, From the Book Invisible (1905). The author analyzes the image of the pilgrim, glorification (preaching) of the poor, hermit’s life and the unity of man and wildlife, plants and the elements of nature in the context of teachings of St. Francis and the Russian franciscanism of the modernist era; the features of their modernist reception are traced in Dobrolyubov’s works written after his «departure». On the other hand, the author reveals evidence that the poet implements the individual author's interpretation of the characteristic Russian cultural and historical phenomenon of pilgrimage (real, metaphysical and spiritual), which was reflected, for example, in N. S. Leskov’s works, and philosophically interpreted in science and criticism of the early 20th century (V. Rozanov, N. Berdyaev, etc.). The author suggests that the poet was influenced by an anonymous work of Russian religious literature «A Pilgrim's Confessional Stories to his Spiritual Father». As a result, the author concludes that the poet creates a modern variation of the Franciscan image of the «simple man» and the divine man, possessing the gift of communication with nature, who combines the features of an Italian ascetic preacher with the type of a Russian pilgrim-god-seeker.

Why British Society Had to ‘Get a Young Virgin Sacrificed’: Sacrificial Destiny in The Tree of Heaven

May Sinclair ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanna Melin Schyllert
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
British Society ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Tree Of Heaven ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Personal Sacrifice ◽  
Central Characters

In May Sinclair’s fiction, images of sacrifice abound. From the self-abnegating Katherine Haviland in Audrey Craven (1897) to the eponymous antiheroine of The Life and Death of Harriett Frean (1922), Sinclair’s central characters seem to be eternally struggling with the issue of renunciation. The treatment of the theme is heterogeneous in many of Sinclair’s texts, not least in the novel The Tree of Heaven, which both condemns and praises personal sacrifice for a higher or communal purpose. This displays a fundamental insecurity about the nature, function and value of sacrifice. It is this ambivalence, which underlies so much of Sinclair’s fiction, in combination with the individual mixture of philosophies in her work, that will be explored here. This chapter investigates the concept of sacrifice in the war novel The Tree of Heaven and how it is connected to community and feminism. In order to find an understanding of sacrifice as proposed by Sinclair, and its meaning in the lives of both women and men in the context of early 20th century England, the chapter discusses the crossroads in the text between sacrifice, idealism, feminism, and the nation-wide feeling of community that appears to be required in wartime.

Strolling in Tel Aviv: Setting Up and Breaking Down Boundaries in S. Yizhar'sPreliminaries(Mikdamot)

AJS Review ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-88
Author(s):  
Dvir Tzur
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Urban Experience ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

The article discusses the image of Tel Aviv, the first Hebrew city, as it is described in the novelPreliminariesby S. Yizhar (Yizhar Smilansky), one of Israel's best-known authors. In this novel, which engages with the question of home and borders, borders function as a double-edged sword: on the one hand, they define home and create a circumscribed place for the protagonist and his family. On the other hand, the novel dwells on the urge to cross borders and shatter the distinction between home and the world. In this regard, Tel Aviv is sometimes described as a pleasant, “normal” city, yet at other times it is written as a perilous place—since it divides between Jews and Arabs. Tel Aviv is also the place where one can imagine a great future or see a concealed history. It is a total urban experience, encapsulating the individual.

Se kép, se hang?

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miklós Takács
Keyword(s):  
Personal Identity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Trauma ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
German Sociologist ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Title Character ◽  
Do So

Sebald’s novel Austerlitz can be considered a „trauma novel” not only for a narratological reason (that is, because it reflects upon the non-representability of trauma on the level of words), but also because it reveals the impossibility of depicting a past memory with pictures – despite of the fact that both the narrator and the title character are feel impelled to do so. The attitude of the narrator illustrates a phenomenon that the German sociologist Bernhard Giesen describes as the perpetrator’s trauma. According to this theory the individual trauma becomes a collective one in case of the perpetrators. Austerlitz, on the other hand, turns into a medium of the victimes as well. Cultural trauma can also become a part of the personal identity due to certain individuals and media, such as the photography, which is of crucial importance for remembering in the novel. One can describe the sound and picture of the trauma with the term of catachresis. This figure involves the constraint of signifying the non-representability.

Eye Preference for Emotional Stimuli in Sichuan Snub-Nosed Monkeys

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 630-642
Author(s):  
Dapeng Zhao ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Baoguo Li
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Neutral Stimulus ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eye Preference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Preferred Stimulus

This study presents the first evidence of effects of applying both positive and negative stimuli simultaneously on visual laterality in Old World monkeys. Thirteen captive individuals of Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (<i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i>) were chosen as focal subjects in the monocular box task. In total, 4 emotional categories (the preferred, the novel, the neutral, and the fearful) of visual stimuli were applied, and eye preference was recorded when individuals looked at each stimulus through an observation hole in the box. We found evidence of visual laterality at the individual level, but not at the group level for each stimulus. For the preferred stimulus, 9 individuals showed significant right-eye preference while 4 individuals showed significant left-eye preference. For the other 3 stimuli, 7 individuals displayed significant right-eye preference while 6 individuals displayed significant left-eye preference. Totally, 11 of 13 individuals showed consistency in the visual laterality direction (7 right-eye preference and 4 left-eye preference) across the 4 stimuli. The remaining 2 individuals displayed right-eye preference for the preferred stimulus while they showed left-eye preference for the other 3 stimuli. There was no significant difference among various stimuli regarding the direction of visual laterality. However, there was a significant difference in the strength of visual laterality among various stimulus categories. The strength of visual laterality for the preferred stimulus was significantly lower than that for the other 3 stimuli. The strength of visual laterality for the fearful stimulus was significantly higher than that for the novel stimulus and the neutral stimulus. Furthermore, the looking duration for the preferred stimulus was significantly higher than that for the other 3 stimuli. The looking duration for the novel stimulus was significantly higher than that for the neutral stimulus and the fearful stimulus. The looking duration for the neutral stimulus was significantly higher than that for the fearful stimulus. Our findings indicate emotional valence of stimuli significantly influence eye looking duration and the strength of visual laterality but not for the direction of visual laterality in this species. Taken together, emotional valence of stimuli plays an important role in the eye use of <i>R. roxellana</i>.

scholarly journals The Role of Rhythm and Metre in the Style and Genre Formation in B. Rachmanin’s Prose

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-205
Author(s):  
Petimat Sh. Tsurueva ◽  
Irina G. Mineralova
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
Functional Potential ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Contemporary Author ◽  
Individual Style

The issues of rhythm and metre in prose of 1960-1970s reflect the experiments of young writers not only within the form. The search for new genres and ways of expressing new content are diverse. The article deals with literary works by Boris Leonidovich Rachmanin, the author of poetry collections, stories, screenwriter, who boldly created a new internal form of his works using both possibilities of meter and rhythm in his prose, which was different from the works of his predecessors in the Silver Age or those who worked in the Russian diaspora. The analysis of works A Letter, The Action Takes Place on the Other Planet and others shows the functional potential of special rhythm and melody of prose in the individual style of the writer and also outlines semasiological approaches in the analysis of a literary work in general. Comparison of literary works by B. Rachmanin with the works by A. Bely or I.A. Bunin as his predecessors and Yustinas Martsinkevichus as his contemporary author gives an idea of the tradition Rachmanin inherited and the cultural style of the epoch in which the writer worked.

scholarly journals Estate, Capital and Province in the Alexander Potyomkin’s novel Man is canceled (2007)

ENTHYMEMA ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Olga Bogdanova
Keyword(s):  
Main Idea ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
Public Response ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Modern Russian

The article analyzes the novel of the modern Russian writer A. Potyomkin Man is canceled (2007), which received a wide public response. The main idea of the work is the need for a radical change of the “mass man” of the turn of the XX-XXI centuries at the psychosomatic level. The ideological and compositional center is the specially built Rimushkino estate in the Oryol province, where the serf spirit of the Russian Empire at the turn of the XVIII-XIX centuries is reproduced. To answer the question of why the estate space of Russia is becoming the most representative field for anthropological experiments of the beginning of the XXI century, we consider the estate neo-myths of the Silver Age (the lost paradise on earth) and the Soviet period (the camp hell living in the mentality), as well as the imperial-colonial concept of the postmodern era (the estate as a frontier in the process of class-oriented internal colonization of the country). The multidimensional semiotics of the estate sets a new relationship between “metropolitan” and “provincial” concerning the other loci of the novel.

scholarly journals Fracture: The reception of the 'other' author in Aotearoa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michalia Arathimos
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Political Event ◽  
Literary Identity ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
The Individual

The fracturing of cultural identity is a common trope in postcolonial literatures. Traditional binaries of 'self' and 'other' are now complicated by cultural hybridities that reflect the intersectionality of migrant identities, indigeneity and the postcolonial national 'self'. Where the binaries 'self' and 'other' do not hold, creative forms like the novel can go some way towards exploring hybrid and 'other' experiences, both as a reinscribing and reimagining of the centre, and as a complex 'writing back'. This thesis investigates the complex positioning of the hybrid or double-cultured individual in Aotearoa in the last forty years. While postcolonial models have been used to expose the exoticisation of the 'other' in fictional texts, Part One of this thesis goes a step further by applying these models to real authors and interrogating their representations as static objects/products in the collective 'text' of media items written about them. Shifts in 'our' national literary identity can be traced in changes in responses to 'other' authors over time. Using an interdisciplinary approach, the first part of this thesis proves that there are differences in the media‟s portrayal of six Māori and 'other' ethnic authors: Witi Ihimaera, Keri Hulme, Kapka Kassabova, Tusiata Avia, Karlo Mila and Cliff Fell, beginning with the 1972 publication of Ihimaera‟s Pounamu Pounamu and ending in 2009 with Tusiata Avia‟s Bloodclot. Part One of this thesis mixes media studies, postcolonial literary analysis, and cultural theory, and references the work of Ghassan Hage, Graham Huggan, Margery Fee, Patrick Evans, Mark Williams, and Simone Drichel. Part Two of this thesis is comprised of a novel, Fracture. While Part One constitutes an investigation of the positioning of the 'other' author, Part Two is a creative exploration of two double-cultured and dispossessed indigenous characters' lived experience. The novel follows a Greek-New Zealand woman and a Māori man who go to a rural pā to protest fracking, or hydraulic fracturing. While the first part of the thesis explores the positioning of the „other‟ outside of the white self, the novel aims to portray the effects of such 'othering,' on the individual and demonstrate how the historical/political event can be a real experiential locale for the 'other'.

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