Research and Analysis of the Sources of Emission of Respirable Fraction of Dust at the Coal Mines

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
G.I. Korshunov ◽  
◽  
A.M. Safina ◽  
A.M. Karimov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dust Emission ◽  
Dust Content ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Fine Dust ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
The Road ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Dust Load

At the deposits of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the actual concentration of the suspended dust is 60–83 mg/m3. The search for efficient ways of reducing dust emission and dust suppression remains an urgent task, since fine dust has a negative effect on the health of enterprise employees and on mining equipment reducing its service life. Full-scale measurements were conducted related to the dust content and dispersed composition of the aerosols. The dust content was measured by counting method with the use of CEM DT-9880 dust particle counter. The measurements were conducted at the points located at different distances from the road of the section. The content of the most dangerous fraction PM2.5 was 48 % of the total amount of fine dust or 30–40 mg/m3, while the maximum permissible concentration for this fraction is 0.16 mg/m3. The employees who constantly work near the automotive haul roads and the ruins of an exploded rock mass are exposed to the strongest effects of dust emissions on the respiratory organs. To reduce the dust load on the employees of the mining enterprise, it is most appropriate to deal primarily with the dust emitted from the open pit roads, since this will help to reduce the dust load by 30–40 %. The permissible length of service for the operator of the loading equipment of one of the open-pit mines of the Krasnoyarsk Territory was calculated: it will be 9 years, and not 17, as was obtained earlier — without considering the actual content of the respirable dust. With the most rational parameters of drilling and blasting operations and using all methods to reduce dust formation, it is possible to reduce the dust emission by 15–20 %.

To the Problem of Minimizing the Volume of Mobile Dust in the Development of Pits

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
V.I. Golik ◽  
◽  
Z.A. Gashimova ◽  
M.Yu. Liskova ◽  
Ch.B. Kongar-Syuryun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Dust Emission ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Dust Formation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Living Organisms

Technogenic factors that have a negative effect on the environment and humans are analyzed. The integrated effect of negative impact on the environment aggravated by the number of factors is revealed. These factors include the following: gorges, river valleys and mountain landscapes. From the previously conducted studies it was concluded that the main source of negative effects on living organisms is the mineralized dust. The actual task of the study is determined, which consists in detailing the mechanisms and methods of the mineralized dust formation for improving the methods of minimizing its formation. Using the example of an open pit development of a dolomite deposit the relationship is established between the indicators of atmospheric dusting by the products of rock technological crushing and grinding. Dependence is established related to the dust emission intensity on the air flow velocity and dust concentration. It is proved that all the dust-like products formed as the result of mining and processing of the mineral raw materials have dimensions that allow them to move with the help of air masses. The results of the experiments on solving the problem of reducing dust by minimizing the output of mobile dust classes are presented (studies of the granulometric composition of rocks of various types with differentiation by type of the dust source, the mechanism of pollution using trapping screens and the development of directions for minimizing dusting of the atmosphere of the quarry and the surrounding area). The measures to reduce dust formation are proposed. The model for assessing the potential of environmental pollution by gas and dust products is developed. The proposed measures and the developed model will allow to minimize the effect of mining production on the environment of the region and the health of the workers of the mining enterprise and the residents of the region. The results obtained may be in demand when improving existing and developing new methods for improving occupational safety in the mining industry.

scholarly journals A Multiple Criteria Decision Making Method to Weight the Sustainability Criteria of System Selection for Surface Mining

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3066
Author(s):  
Michał Patyk ◽  
Przemysław Bodziony ◽  
Zbigniew Krysa
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Surface Mining ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Surface Mines ◽  
Mining Conditions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Selection Of

Selection and assessment of mining equipment used in open pit rock mines relies chiefly on estimates of overall exploitation cost. The rational arrangement of mining equipment and systems comprising loading machines, haul trucks and crushing plants should be preceded by a thorough analysis of technical and economic aspects, such as investment outlays and the costs of further exploitation, which largely determine the costs of mining operations and the deposit value. Additionally, the operational parameters of the mining equipment ought to be considered. In this study, a universal set of evaluation criteria has been developed, and an evaluation method has been applied for the selection of surface mining equipment and the processing system to be operated in specific mining conditions, defined by the user. The objective of this study is to develop and apply the new methodology of multi-criteria selection of open pit rock mining equipment based on multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) procedures, to enable the optimization of loading, handling and crushing processes. The methodology, underpinned by the principles of MCDM, provides the dedicated ranking procedures, including the ELECTRE III. The applied methodology allows the alternative options (variants) to be ranked accordingly. Ultimately, a more universal methodology is developed, applicable in other surface mines where geological and mining conditions are similar. It may prove particularly useful in selection and performance assessment of mining equipment and process line configurations in mining of low-quality rock deposits. Therefore, we undertook to develop universal criteria and applications for the selection and performance assessment of process machines for surface mines, taking into account environmental aspects as well as deposit quality.

scholarly journals Emergence of a new salt-tolerant alien grass along roadsides? Occurrence of Diplachne fusca subsp. fascicularis (Poaceae) in Hungary

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristóf Süveges ◽  
Attila V. Molnár ◽  
Attila Mesterházy ◽  
Júlia Tüdősné Budai ◽  
Réka Fekete
Keyword(s):  
Salt Content ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
The Road ◽  
Reproduction Strategy ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Variability ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Hungarian Population ◽  
Paved Road

This paper reports the occurrence of a North American salt-tolerant taxon, Diplachne fusca subsp. fascicularis (Lam.) P.M.Peterson et N.Snow in Hungary (Central-Europe). Two earlier Hungarian observations of D. fusca were known from 1915, near Győr (West Transdanubia), later the taxon was collected by Pénzes in 1958, in downtown Budatétény (central Hungary. Both observations seem to be occasional. Recently, the taxon has started spreading in Europe, mainly on rice paddy fields, with a serious invasion potential. In North America its appearance on ruderal habitats, as well as along roads and other linear infrastructures is a well known phenomenon. The Hungarian population was found near Cegléd (Central Hungary) on the roadside of the E40 primary main road in September 2018. In July 2019 more than one thousand (mostly vegetative) individuals were detected. The salt content of the habitat shows remarkable temporal and spatial variability. At one meter distance from the edge of the paved road soil salt content was higher in spring (after the winter de-icing regime), than in autumn. Salt concentration was highest in the vicinity of the road, and decreased with increasing distance from it. Germination tests revealed a significant negative effect of NaCl concentration on germination rates, but germination occurred even on extremely saline substrates with 1.5% NaCl concentration. Considering its biology and reproduction strategy, the further spread of Diplachne fusca is highly presumable.

scholarly journals Temperature parameters in the combustion chambers of CUMMINS KTA-50 engines operating on various fuels under different fuel consumption rates

2021 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 03011
Author(s):  
Georgiy Dubov ◽  
Alexander Bogomolov ◽  
Sergey Azikhanov ◽  
Pavel Strelnikov ◽  
Sergey Nokhrin
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Energy Charge ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Evaporator Temperature ◽  
Dump Trucks

The issue of a comparative study of fuel consumption and temperature characteristics of gas-diesel BelAZ 75131 mining dump trucks equipped with an on-board cryogenic fuel system and hauling rock mass at the Kuzbass open-pit coal mine is considered in the article. A brief analysis of the efficiency of using liquefied natural gas (LNG) - methane - as a motor fuel for mining dump trucks is carried out. It is noted that the use of LNG fuel for heavy-duty dump trucks is one of the most promising ways to improve the environmental and economic performance during the operation of this type of mining equipment. The technique and instrumental base for conducting research are presented. The relationship between natural ratios of diesel fuel replacement with natural gas and the energy charge of these replacement is studied. The following data are presented: data on the consumption of vaporous (gaseous superheated) natural gas (hereinafter gaseous natural gas) during field operation of gas-diesel BelAZ 75131 mining dump trucks; flow rate of gaseous natural gas in pipelines; consumption of antifreeze at the inlet to the liquefied natural gas evaporator, as well as antifreeze temperature at the inlet and outlet of the evaporator; temperature of gaseous natural gas at the outlet of the reducer after the evaporator; data on the comparison of temperature profiles in the cylinders of CUMMINS KTA 50 internal combustion engine under diesel and gas-diesel operation.

scholarly journals On possible changes in the calculation of parameters of transport technology of open pit mining with the use of autonomous heavy platforms

2021 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 03015
Author(s):  
Dmitry Stenin
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
General Study ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Calculation Of Parameters ◽  
Transport Component ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Transport Cycle ◽  
Dump Trucks

Reducing the costs of the transport component, reaching up to 50% or more of the total cost of the mined coal, is an urgent task that does not require additional confirmation. Since the development of measures to improve the purely technical indicators of motor transport at open-pit mines is beyond the scope of the general study, we will limit ourselves to the search for technological solutions that can have a positive impact on the overall cost of production. This may include, for example, the search for solutions to reduce the duration of the transport cycle and optimization of its components. It is also necessary to study the possible changes in the indicators of the transport technology of open-pit mining when using classic open-pit dump trucks and autonomous heavy platforms (unmanned open-pit haul trucks). The article presents an analysis of existing technical and technological solutions and research on the use of unmanned transport technologies. It is established that the parameters of transport technology will change to some extent with the introduction of unmanned heavy platforms, which will inevitably lead both to the correction of the existing regulatory documentation, and a possible revision of the classical postulates of open-pit mining.

Research of Air Flows Dynamics at Construction Works in the Condition of Urban Built-Up Areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 875 ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.V. Stefanenko ◽  
Valery N. Azarov ◽  
Katerina A. Trokhimchuk ◽  
Marina V. Trokhimchuk
Keyword(s):  
Dust Emission ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Fine Dust ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Anthropogenic Development ◽  
Air Flows ◽  
Construction Works

The paper shows that the fulfillment of construction works influences the level of fine dust content in urban environment. Investigations of fine dust emissions in the zones of earth excavations and soil spoil banks caused by construction works were carried out. The authors conducted an integrated investigation of the physico-chemical processes in the surface layer of the atmosphere in the course of construction works, which was based on the field and computational experiments. With the help of a laboratory wind-tunnel plant, it was revealed that the character of dust emission during the development of dispersive massifs depends on the climatic conditions, in particular on the wind velocity and the physical-and-mechanical properties of the rocks (humidity, porosity, plasticity indices). A specific-purpose GIS application has been designed which allows modelling the dynamics of air flows in the territories with anthropogenic development. The application is based on the methods of mathematical and simulation modelling, the methods of visualization and surface plotting as well as the methods of software applications development.

scholarly journals Study of the Conditions for Construction of the Haulage Berm in the Deposit Ledger-Wall

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 01034
Author(s):  
Svetlana Bakhaeva ◽  
Elena Chernykh
Keyword(s):  
Slope Angle ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Single Side ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Shipping Cost ◽  
Shear Characteristics ◽  
Spoil Bank

To reduce transportation distance and shipping cost for rock haulage with a single-side development system, it is relevant to build roads on the spoil bank of the open-pit. The article reviews factors affecting stability of the spoil bank and the most common types of deformation. The backward calculation method for obtaining resistance to shear characteristics of the base rocks in contact with a road embankment has been described. Schemes for road constructions on the spoil bank of the open-pit have been considered. Mining and geometric simulation of the road base has been built. Zoning of the road base as per slope angle of the underlying rock and parameters of the haulage berm allow tracing rapidly axis of the technological and engineering roads for actual engineering and geological conditions. Besides, measures to reduce risk factors of landslides during construction of the haulage berm at deposit ledger-wall have been considered.

scholarly journals Accurate whole-night sleep monitoring with dry-contact ear-EEG

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaare B. Mikkelsen ◽  
Yousef R. Tabar ◽  
Simon L. Kappel ◽  
Christian B. Christensen ◽  
Hans O. Toft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Sleep Monitoring ◽  
The Road ◽  
Scalp Eeg ◽  
Dry Contact ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
On The Road

AbstractSleep is a key phenomenon to both understanding, diagnosing and treatment of many illnesses, as well as for studying health and well being in general. Today, the only widely accepted method for clinically monitoring sleep is the polysomnography (PSG), which is, however, both expensive to perform and influences the sleep. This has led to investigations into light weight electroencephalography (EEG) alternatives. However, there has been a substantial performance gap between proposed alternatives and PSG. Here we show results from an extensive study of 80 full night recordings of healthy participants wearing both PSG equipment and ear-EEG. We obtain automatic sleep scoring with an accuracy close to that achieved by manual scoring of scalp EEG (the current gold standard), using only ear-EEG as input, attaining an average Cohen’s kappa of 0.73. In addition, this high performance is present for all 20 subjects. Finally, 19/20 subjects found that the ear-EEG had little to no negative effect on their sleep, and subjects were generally able to apply the equipment without supervision. This finding marks a turning point on the road to clinical long term sleep monitoring: the question should no longer be whether ear-EEG could ever be used for clinical home sleep monitoring, but rather when it will be.

scholarly journals Effects of molasses, polyacrylamide and bentonite on dust control in forest roads

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 218-225
Author(s):  
Aidin Parsakhoo ◽  
Seyed Ataollah Hosseini ◽  
Majid Lotfalian ◽  
Jahangir Mohammadi ◽  
Meysam Salarijazi
Keyword(s):  
Dust Emission ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Dust Control ◽  
Dust Collector ◽  
Forest Road ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rainfall Occurrence ◽  
Spray System ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Reduction Efficiency

In this study, some environmentally friendly anti-dust agents including sugar cane molasses, polyacrylamide and bentonite were used to control dust emission from the forest road surface within the 3, 9, 27 and 81-day timeframe. A rear-mounted spray system and dust collector devices were used for implementation of treatments and dust emission recording, respectively. The results showed that emitted dust tended to decrease with the increase of anti-dust agent concentrations. Moreover, the emitted dust started to decrease with time, with minimum reduction efficiency at the end of the 81st day. More than half of road surface aggregates had the size smaller than 10 µm that were aggregated by the application of molasses and polyacrylamide. The size of 70% of the road surface fines increased to more than <br />50 µm. Bentonite affected negatively road surface materials and caused fine aggregates to increase. It is concluded that the amount of fine aggregates in surfacing materials, rainfall occurrence, and type and dosage of anti-dust agents play an important role in the effectiveness and longevity of treatment

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