scholarly journals A Research on Satisfaction during Friday Religious Services, Practices Associated with Health and Social Relationships, in Anadolchioi Mosque

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Feiza Memet
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Muslim Minority ◽  
Religious Services

This paper evaluates the indoor temperature and thermal sensation inside the naturally ventilated small-medium size, historical Anadolchioi Mosque, built in Constanta, in 1870, for the Muslim minority living in Constanta. Are considered Friday prayers (Dhuhr). The methodology used for this assessment is related to the outdoor and indoor temperatures measurements, each Friday, in July, between 10 AM and 4 PM, due to the fact that in Constanta, Friday prayers (in July) starts between 1.20 PM and 1.23 PM (depending on the sun position). The measurements will indicate that, although indoor temperature is slightly higher than the outdoor one, the average indoor temperature, for the considered period, is in the recommended thermal comfort temperature range, according to ASHRAE 2010. Also, the measured indoor air temperatures and predicted temperature for comfortable indoors- given by Humphreys formula, have been compared, in order to have an idea if the building is able to provide pleasant indoor temperatures. On the other hand, the methodology is focusing on ASHRAE seven point scale, when assessing the thermal sensation. In this respect, a survey regarding the thermal sensation of the occupants indicated that a low percent (5.55%) felt uncomfortable during the religious services. The majority of occupants (77.77%) felt comfortable and do not need a cooler environment. The results are in concordance with the participants’ age profiles: older persons preferring higher indoor temperatures.

scholarly journals Proposition of a simplified method for predicting hourly indoor temperatures in test cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Leite Krüger ◽  
Leandro Fernandes ◽  
Grace Tibério Cardoso ◽  
Emilio Eiji Kavamura
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Test Cells

Abstract Test cells can be used for testing the thermal performance of different passive systems and building components. Predictive methods for estimating indoor air temperatures can further enhance the number of configurations tested without increasing the amount of test cells to be built. Thus, direct comparisons can be drawn for identical background climatic conditions. In its most basic form, formulas are generated by linear regression from relatively short data sets, which provide daily indoor temperature conditions. However, for more detailed analyses, daily indoor temperature predictions may not suffice. In this paper, a method for obtaining hourly indoor air temperature predictions is proposed. It is based on rising and decreasing rates of the indoor temperature fluctuation relative to outdoors, which translates to warming or cooling trends of indoor thermal conditions. The applicability of the method is for test cells. It is a simple method yet capable of predicting the thermal behavior of complex physical processes. The method was tested using measured data from experiments in a test cell, built with conventional building materials in Brazil. Results showed high performance with mean bias of 0.27 °C to measured data and Pearson's r 0.99. When compared to traditional regression-based models, the method proposed showed better results.

Effect of Wind Velocity on Clothing Thermal Resistance and Indoor Comfortable Temperature Design

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 1600-1603
Author(s):  
Sha Li ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Xiao Ming Qian ◽  
Zi Jun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Current Specification

In this paper, it uses a manikin to test effect of wind velocity on the surface of clothing thermal resistance, and concludes that with the increase of wind velocity, the heat resistance of the clothing decrease rapidly. A seven-point thermal sensation scale was used to evaluate thermal sensation in Tianjin area, the result shows that the neutral temperature is 27.2 °C when the wind velocity is 0.82 m/s . Above 3.2°C is higher than the current specification recommended indoor temperature 24°C. It shows an appropriate increase indoor air velocity can improve the building comfortable temperature. Saving energy 29.7％一41.6％.So provides an effective way reducing the energy consumption of the air conditioning system.

scholarly journals Hygrothermal Risk in Museum Buildings Located in Moderate Climate

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Ferdyn-Grygierek ◽  
Jan Kaczmarczyk ◽  
Monika Blaszczok ◽  
Piotr Lubina ◽  
Piotr Koper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
One Year ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moderate Climate

Works of art are sensitive to environmental factors—mainly temperature and relative humidity—which, when stable, are generally recommended as ideal protection conditions, but in historical museum buildings, the required conditions are difficult to maintain, due to a lack of adequate heating, ventilation and air-conditioning systems. The paper presents the analysis of one-year measurements of temperature and relative humidity in three different museums in Poland. The aim of the research was to identify the risk to museum collections, due to unbalanced moisture loads and unstable indoor air temperatures, as well as to identify possible causes of fluctuations in these parameters. This article focuses on assessing the impact of variable external and internal loads on the hygrothermal parameters of indoor air. The profile of internal hygrothermal loads in exhibition halls varied over time, which resulted in a temporary variation of the indoor environmental parameters. The lack of appropriate systems, shaping the microclimate in the analyzed museums, and the lack of automatic control in existing devices did not allow to maintain the temperature and relative humidity within appropriate limits. In the museums, the maximum indoor temperature values were higher than those recommended in the requirements. Relative humidity values in all museums exceeded the recommended range both above and below.

scholarly journals Research on the effect of the size of the wall-hanging air-conditioner indoor unit on the indoor thermal comfort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuanbing Caozhu ◽  
Changfa Ji
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Turbulent Model ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Indoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Fluent Software ◽  
Indoor Comfort

Abstract The geometrical dimension of the wall-hanging air-conditioner indoor unit affects the indoor thermal comfort. In this paper, fluent software is used and standard k-e two equation turbulent model is chosen to carry out the simulation of the indoor temperature field and flow field of six different sizes of the single wall-hanging indoor air-conditioner in the room. The temperature distribution, velocity distribution and PMV distribution of the plane which is 1.8 m from the ground are given. It can be known that under the condition of six kinds of sizes of the wall-hanging air-conditioner indoor unit, when the size of the air-conditioner indoor unit is 0.4m × 0.2m × 0.2 m, the temperature variation at the z = 1.8 m section is relatively small, the temperature distribution is more uniform. When the size of the air-conditioner indoor unit is 0.5m × 0.2m × 0.2 m, the temperature difference at the z = 1.8 m section is relatively smaller, PMV is closest to 0, and the thermal sensation is almost moderate. Therefore when the size of the air-conditioner indoor unit is 0.5m × 0.2m × 0.2 m, better indoor comfort can be achieved.

A Study on the Performance of Stratified Air Conditioning Design in Assembly Halls – A Case Study at the Dazhi Cultural Center in Taiwan

2013 ◽  
Vol 368-370 ◽  
pp. 599-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Hung ◽  
Hsien Te Lin ◽  
Yu Chung Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Cultural Center ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

This study focuses on the performance of air conditioning design at the Dazhi Cultural Center and uses a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation to discuss the differences in wind velocity and ambient indoor temperature between all-zone air conditioning design and stratified air conditioning design. The results have strong implications for air conditioning design and can improve the indoor air quality of assembly halls.

scholarly journals An Interactive Task Conditioning System Featuring Personal Comfort Models and Non-Intrusive Sensing Techniques: A Field Study in Shanghai

Technologies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Siliang Lu ◽  
Erica Cochran Hameen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Dynamic Task ◽  
Current Task ◽  
Open Plan

Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems play a key role in shaping office environments. However, open-plan office buildings nowadays are also faced with problems like unnecessary energy waste and an unsatisfactory shared indoor thermal environment. Therefore, it is significant to develop a new paradigm of an HVAC system framework so that everyone could work under their preferred thermal environment and the system can achieve higher energy efficiency such as task ambient conditioning system (TAC). However, current task conditioning systems are not responsive to personal thermal comfort dynamically. Hence, this research aims to develop a dynamic task conditioning system featuring personal thermal comfort models with machine learning and the wireless non-intrusive sensing system. In order to evaluate the proposed task conditioning system performance, a field study was conducted in a shared office space in Shanghai from July to August. As a result, personal thermal comfort models with indoor air temperature, relative humidity and cheek (side face) skin temperature have better performances than baseline models with indoor air temperature only. Moreover, compared to personal thermal satisfaction predictions, 90% of subjects have better performances in thermal sensation predictions. Therefore, personal thermal comfort models could be further implemented into the task conditioning control of TAC systems.

Flowering at Sunset

2021 ◽  
pp. 151-184
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Qi
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Face ◽  
Private Matter ◽  
Mainstream Literature

Through an examination of remarriage and repartnering among the elderly, this chapter explores the occurrence of later-life cohabitation, the issues it raises for participants, and the intergenerational considerations it generates. Whereas the mainstream literature tends to treat remarriage or cohabitation among older persons as a private matter between the couples, the Chinese cases discussed in the chapter provide a contrasting perspective, in which the attitudes and expectations of adult children, especially regarding inheritance, but also in terms of the provision of eldercare, impact the cohabitation and remarriage decisions of the elderly. The chapter also identifies otherwise neglected aspects of social relationships, including concerns about the face of the persons directly involved, as well as more distant others.

Inter-personal factors affecting building occupants’ thermal tolerance at cold outdoor condition during an autumn–winter period

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 987-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahla Ghaffari Jabbari ◽  
Aida Maleki ◽  
Mohammad Ali Kaynezhad ◽  
Bjarne W. Olesen
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Outdoor Temperature ◽  
The Impact

The study was conducted to investigate thermal adaptation and the impact of individual differences on developing thermal tolerance when the outdoor temperature falls below 10°C. The applicability of the predicted mean vote (PMV) model was investigated, too. The concept of occupant’s ‘Temperament’ was evaluated as a psychological-adaptation factor. Two main hypotheses were: (a) people with different temperaments would experience different thermal sensations and (b) the classic PMV- predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD) model is capable of predicting the neutral sensation in heated buildings under cold outdoor temperatures. There was a direct relationship between individual temperament and clothing level as well as thermal sensation. The occupants who were assessed to have cold temperament tend to wear thicker clothes and were more sensitive to variations in indoor air temperature than others. Females with a cold temperament were more than twice as likely to be affected by indoor air temperature as those with a warm temperament. The PMV-PPD model was able to predict the mean neutral temperature in the heated buildings even when the outdoor temperature fell below 10°C. However, when occupants were able to control high indoor temperature, the percentage of true prediction of actual mean votes by the adaptive thermal heat balance model was more than that by the classic PMV model.

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