scholarly journals Morphology Character and Andrographolide Quantifications on Sambiloto  ( Andrographis paniculata (Burm.F.) Nees) Karakter Morfologi dan Kuantifikasi Andrografolid Pada Sambiloto ( Andrographis paniculata (Burm.F.) Nees )

BioScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Retno Prihatini ◽  
Auzar Syarif ◽  
Amri Bakhtiar
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Key Words ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Flowering Rate ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Leaf Dry Weight

ABSTRACTThe Morphology character and andrographolide quantification on Sambiloto (A. Paniculata) that growth in Sawah Dangka Jorong Gaduik, Tilatang Kamang, Agam (S 00o16159.311 E100o23110.311)  have been studied.  The Morphology character  of  A. Paniculata on generative fase  have been done in the field and Laboratorium of Biology Department, Andalas University. Quantification of  andrographolide constituen were analysed by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in Chemical of Nature Resources Laboratorium, Pharmacy Faculty, Andalas University. The result showed that Morphology character of  Sambiloto ( A. Paniculata ) include parameters  ie. range of height plant ( 27-45 cm) ; range of nodus numerous ( 10-14 ); range of leaf-7 size (length; width)  ( 3.8-4.1 ; 0.8-1.1) cm; range of branch numerous ( 8-10), leaf dry weight rate  (2.482 g ), stem dry weight rate  ( 5.882 g ), and day old flowering rate  ( 110 day ). The Result of quantification secondary metabolite with high economic value, namely andrographolide showed respectively with level  2.208% (vegetative) and  2.780 % (generative).  Key Words : Andrographis paniculata, morpology chracter, andrographolide quantification  ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan studi tentang Karakter morfologi dan kuantifikasi senyawa andrografolide pada tanaman Sambiloto (A. Paniculata) yang hidup di Sawah Dangka Jorong Gaduik, Tilatang Kamang, Agam (S 00o16159.311 E100o23110.311). Karakter morfologi   A. Paniculata pada fase generative telah dilakukan di lapangan dan di  Laboratorium di Jurusan Biologi Universitas Andalas. Kuantifikasi senyawa andrografolid dianalisa dengan menggunakan High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) di Laboratorium Kimia Bahan Alam, Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Andalas.  Hasil menunjukkan bahwa karakter morfologi Sambiloto    ( A. Paniculata ) meliputi parameter  yaitu kisaran tinggi tanaman ( 27-45 cm) ; kisaran jumlah nodus ( 10-14 ); kisaran ukuran daunke-7  (panjang; lebar)  ( 3,8-4,1 ; 0,8-1,1) cm; kisaran jumlah cabang ( 8-10), rata-rata berat kering daun  (2,482 g ), rata-rata berat kering batang ( 5,882 g ), and rata-rata umur berbunga  ( 110 day ).  Hasil kuantifikasi metabolit sekunder dengan nilai ekonomi tinggi, yang dikenal sebagai senyawa andrografolid menunjukkan level   2,208%  (vegetatif) dan 2,780 % (generatif). Kata kunci: Andrographis paniculata, karakter morfologi, kuantifikasi andrografolid. 

scholarly journals Variations in Anthocyanin Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of 12 Genotypes of Mulberry (Morus spp.) Fruits and Their Changes during Processing

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inhwan Kim ◽  
Jihyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mulberry Fruit ◽  
Mulberry Fruits ◽  
Anthocyanin Composition

Mulberry fruits are known as rich sources of anthocyanins and are consumed in syrup form after the addition of sugar and acid; however, there is little information on the anthocyanin composition and antioxidant activity of mulberries of different cultivars and their changes during processing. To address this, the antioxidant activity and anthocyanin composition of 12 cultivar mulberry fruit cultivars were investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization/quadrupole time-of-flight. Additionally, different quantities of citric acid were used to evaluate antioxidant activities and anthocyanin composition of mulberry syrup. Sixteen anthocyanins were identified in mulberry fruits using accurate mass spectrometry. Several anthocyanins were tentatively identified for the first time in mulberry fruits and include: malvidin hexoside, cyanidin malonyl hexose hexoside, cyanidin pentoside, cyanidin malonyl hexoside, petunidin deoxyhexose hexoside, and cyanidin deoxyhexoside. The major anthocyanin in mulberries was cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, followed by cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside. Morus Alba L. Iksu showed the highest cyanidin-3-O-glucoside content (8.65 mg/g dry weight) among 12 mulberry fruit cultivars. As citric acid levels increased, mulberry syrup showed significantly higher antioxidant activity (p < 0.05).

scholarly journals Distribution of Lindane in Water, Sediment, and Fish from the Warri River of the Niger Delta, Nigeria

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Ezemonye ◽  
Thomas Ikpesu ◽  
Isioma Tongo
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Residue Levels ◽  
Environmental Compartments

Distribution of Lindane in Water, Sediment, and Fish from the Warri River of the Niger Delta, NigeriaThis paper is the first attempt to quantify the levels and the distribution pattern of lindane in the surface water, sediment and fish (Chrysichthys furcatus and Tilapia zilli). The samples were collected from three stations (Ovwian, Ekakpamre, and Ovu) of the Warri River in the western Niger Delta of Nigeria in 2006: during the dry (January-April) and wet seasons (May-August). The analysis included a total of 96 samples made up of 24 samples each for water, sediment, and fish. The pesticide levels were analysed using high performance liquid chromatography to elucidate its distribution in various environmental compartments. Residue levels in the matrices ranged from below the detection limit (BDL) to 1.37μg L-1 in water, BDL to 12.66 μg g-1 dry weight (dw) in sediment, BDL to 16.67 μg g-1dw in Chrysichthys furcatus, and BDL to 0.15 μg g-1dw in Tilapia zilli. The observed values were above the ecological benchmarks (0.01 μg L-1) recommended by the Nigerian Environmental Protection Agency and European Union. They were also relatively higher than in previous studies on the Nigerian environment, which calls for regular monitoring of the Niger Delta water bodies.

scholarly journals Biotransformation of quercetin, kaempferol and apigenin to monoglycosylated derivatives by in vitro suspension cultures of Astragalus vesicarius ssp. carniolicus

Pharmacia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-311
Author(s):  
Pavlinka Popova ◽  
Yancho Zarev ◽  
Iliana Ionkova
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Electrospray Ionization ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Ionization Mass

Biotransformation of exogenous substrates quercetin, kaempferol and apigenin by suspension cultures of Astragalus vesicarius ssp. carniolicus to their monoglycosylated derivatives was performed. The maximal enzymatic potential of cells of A. vesicarius ssp. carniolicus was evaluated by different concentrations of substrate exposure. According to quantitative ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HR-ESI-MS) analysis, the highest concentration of kaempferol O-glycoside (14.88 nmol/g dry weight, DW), apigenin O-glycoside (10.55 nmol/g DW) and quercetin O-glycoside (150.83 nmol/g DW) was achieved, when suspension cultures were treated with 4 mg/mL kaempferol, 4 mg/mL apigenin and 3 mg/mL quercetin, respectively. The glycosidic products of biotransformation were not detected in the untreated control.

Growth of and Aflatoxin Production by Aspergillus parasiticus in a Medium Containing Potassium Chloride or a Mixture of Potassium Chloride and Sodium Chloride

1986 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 880-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
GULAM RUSUL ◽  
FATHY E. EL-GAZZAR ◽  
ELMER H. MARTH
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Aflatoxin Production ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Reverse Phase

Twenty-five milliliters of glucose-yeast-salts medium containing 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% KCl or a mixture of NaCl (%) and KCl (%) (0:0, 1.5:0.5, 3.25:0.75, 4.75:1.25, 6.5:1.5, and 8:2) was inoculated with 1 ml of a spore suspension containing 106 conidia of Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 and incubated at 28°C for 10 d. The pH, dry weight of mycelium and aflatoxin production were determined after 3, 7 and 10 d of incubation. Amounts of aflatoxin produced were determined using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The mold growing in the presence of 0, 2 and 4% KCl produced maximum amounts of aflatoxin after 3 d, whereas in the presence of 6, 8 and 10% KCl it did so after 7 d. This trend was also true when the mold grew in the presence of mixtures of NaCl and KC1. Amounts of aflatoxin produced decreased with increasing concentrations of KCl or of the mixture of NaCl and KCl. The mycelial dry weight increased with increasing concentrations of KCl or the mixture of NaCl and KCl, although there was an extended lag phase at higher concentrations of both treatments.

Xylitol production by Petromyces albertensis grown on medium containing D-xylose

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagroop S. Dahiya
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Xylitol Production ◽  
Maximum Production ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Fermentative Products

Petromyces albertensis produced xylitol and D-xylulose when cultivated on a medium containing D-xylose. These fermentative products were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography. A large amount of xylitol was obtained from a D-xylose medium containing ammonium acetate and yeast extract at an initial pH of 7.0. Maximum production of xylitol and of the enzymes concerned with its production was observed after 10 days of cultivation. A D-xylose (100 g/L) medium supplemented with 1% (v/v) methanol gave the highest yields of xylitol (39.8 g/L) and D-xylulose (2.8 g/L). Key words: Petromyces albertensis, D-xylulose, xylitol.

Role of Hydrogen Peroxide in the Prevention of Growth and Aflatoxin Production by Aspergillus parasiticus

1988 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
FATHY E. EL-GAZZAR ◽  
ELMER H. MARTH
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Aflatoxin Production ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
And Control

Hydrogen peroxide, 0.0, 0.03, 0.05, 0.3 and 0.5% was added to 25 ml of a glucose-yeast-salts medium which was inoculated with 1 ml of a spore suspension containing 106 conidia of Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 and then was incubated at 14 or 28°C. Cultures held at 28°C were analyzed after 3, 7 and 10 d for mycelial dry weight, pH and accumulation of aflatoxin B1 and G1. Incubation of some cultures at 28°C was continued for 90 d. Cultures held at 14°C were analyzed after 1, 2 and 3 months for mycelial dry weight, pH and aflatoxin production. Amounts of aflatoxin produced were determined using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The percentage of inhibition or stimulation by the additive was used to make comparisons between treatments and control. Overall, increasing the concentration of hydrogen peroxide to 0.3 or 0.5% completely prevented growth and aflatoxin production for up to 90 d of incubation at 14 or 28°C.

Production of fumigaclavine A by Aspergillus tamarii Kita.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Janardhanan ◽  
Abdul Sattar ◽  
Akhtar Husain
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Ergot Alkaloid ◽  
Submerged Culture ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ergot Alkaloids ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Aspergillus Tamarii ◽  
Total Alkaloids

Aspergillus tamarii Kita. isolated from seeds of Paspalum scrobiculatum L. is found to produce ergot alkaloids in submerged culture. The cultrue filtrate and mycelium are observed to contain 0.125 mg/mL and 1.2 mg/g (dry weight) total alkaloids consisting of 86.5 and 91.3% fumigaclavine A, respectively. The identification of the compound was confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet, infrared, and mass spectrophotometry analyses. This is the first report of the production of ergot alkaloid by this fungus. The possible role of fumigaclavine A as a mycotoxin is discussed.

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