scholarly journals Cognitive nature of metaphor in the language of Olga Kobylyanska's works

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Yulia Rusnak
Keyword(s):  
Emotional State ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
First Time ◽  
Linguistic Means

The purpose of the article is to analyze the structural and semantic features of metaphor in the Olga Kobylyanska’s artistic discourse. The relevance of the article is determined by the need of further in-depth study of Olga Kobylyanskaya idiostyle in order to form a cognitive-pragmatic conception of the writer's artistic discourse.  The novelty of scientific work is due to the fact that the cognitive nature of metaphor in the language of the O. Kobylyanska’s works is studied for the first time. Research methods. In the article as the main general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis are used, as well as linguistic – descriptive, structural and comparative and historical methods. Conclusions. Olga Kobylyanska's artistic discourse is characterized by the convergence of linguistic means, in particular, her works are full of metaphors of different nature. We recorded one-word and multi-words metaphors. One-word metaphors are dominated by addresses. In multi-words metaphors the semantic load falls on one of the components of the syntactic construction. Many metaphors describe the mental state of human. Often the metaphor is complemented by comparison, inversion, oxymoron etc. In creating of metaphorical constructions the writer uses the following images: soul, heart (to convey the psycho-emotional state of the characters), bread (to denote the property status), lilies (means pure girl’s love), dirty spot (to denote difficult memories), the sun in souls (to depict joyful events). Metaphors contain a number of verbs used figuratively. We distinguish metaphors formed on the basis of interparadigmatic transferred meanings, which come from the artistic (sculpture), musical, theatrical, sacred, financial spheres.

scholarly journals THE POLICY OF SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS IN AFRICA

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Tarasiuk
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Roman Emperor ◽  
Scientific Principle ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Classical Studies ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Direct Indication ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
First Time

Summary. The purpose of the study is to analyze and explain the policy of Septimius Severus in Africa. The research methodology is based on the principle of objectivity as well as on a scientific principle. The research is based on general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis, induction-deduction) and special historical methods. The scientific novelty is that for the first time in the Ukrainian historiography the article supports and substantiates the thesis about the expedition of 203 AD, the topic, which is not very popular in classical studies. The conclusions are as follows. During his reign Roman advancement in Africa became extensive. The main regions of Roman expansion were Numidia, Mauritania and Tripolitania. Septimius Severus personally did not take part in African campaigns. The African campaign was led by the legate of the Legio III Augusta – Quintus Anicius Faustus. The Romans carried out large-scale frontier fortification works. Frontier policy in the region was similar to that in Arabia. These measures helped Rome to control trade and emigration in the region. Roman possessions in Africa reached their maximum during the time of Septimius Severus. An analysis of the sources pointing to a possible expedition of Septimius Severus to Africa in 203 AD suggests that there is no direct indication to this event. Therefore, it is likely that the Roman emperor was only preparing for a trip that was later canceled for unknown reasons.

THE CONCEPT OF ENEMY: REPRESENTATION IN THE UKRAINIAN MILITARY DOCUMENTARIES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Chervinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Creative Space ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time

Research methodology. The following methods were used in this research: general scientific methods (descriptive, analysis, synthesis, comparison) and special (structural, hermeneutic, narrative, method of content analysis). We identified words related to the concept of the enemy and determined the context in which they are used by the authors of the collections Results. The formats of reflection of military reality in collections of military documentaries are investigated. It is emphasized that the authors-observers of events as professional communicators form a vision of events based on categories understandable to the audience – «own» and «others». Instead, the authors-participants go events have more creative space and pay more attention to their own emotional state and reflections. It is defined how the enemy is depicted and what place he occupies in the military reality represented by the authors. It is emphasized that the authors reflect the enemy in different ways. In particular, the authors-observers of the events tried to form a comprehensive vision of the events, and therefore paid much attention to the opposite side of the military conflict. Authors-participants of the events tend to show the enemy as a mass to be opposed. In such collections, the enemy is specified only in the presence of evidence confirming the presence of Russians or militants. Novelty. The research for the first time investigates the methods of representation of mi­litary activity in the collections of Ukrainian military documentaries. The article is devoted to the analysis of how the authors represent the enemy. Practical importance. The analysis of collections of military documentaries will allow to study the phenomenon of war and to trace the peculiarities of the authors’ representation of military reality.

scholarly journals ANTHROPONYMS IN GENRE DIVERSITY IN THE ADVERTISING TEXTS OF VETERINARY PHARMACEUTICALS IN THE BEGINNING OF THE 20th CENTURY

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-50
Author(s):  
Svitlana NASAKINA
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Veterinary Pharmaceuticals ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Linguistic Methods

Introduction. The article discusses the features of proper names in advertising texts of veterinary pharmaceuticals. Attention is paid to the description of structural and semantic features of anthroponyms. We investigate proper names as the part of the structure of advertising texts of veterinary pharmaceuticals. The purpose of the article is the analysis of anthroponyms in advertising texts of veterinary pharmaceuticals. The object of the study is proper names in advertising texts of veterinary pharmaceuticals. The subject of the study is anthroponyms in advertising texts in the beginning of the 20th century. Materials and methods. The purpose determines the choice of methods in our study: general scientific methods of systematization, analysis and synthesis, quantitative analysis were used. The descriptive method of advertising texts is used in the work. Among the special linguistic methods, structural one was used, which helped in determining the features of the structure of anthroponyms. Anthroponyms for our research have been taken from the newspaper “Public Veterinary Bulletin” for the period of 1904-1906 years. Results. As a result of the study, structural and semantic features of anthroponyms were established. Сonclusions. Anthroponyms learned in advertising texts of veterinary pharmaceuticals in the beginning of the 20th century had been used almost in all analyzed texts. The practical value of the work lies in the fact that the analysis of anthroponyms in advertising texts opens up prospects for further researches, which may be connected with the identification of the specific characteristics of proper names in the advertising texts of veterinary pharmaceuticals in different languages. Summing up, a thorough analysis of the advertising texts of veterinary pharmaceuticals helped to establish the structure and functioning peculiarities of anthroponyms.

scholarly journals Ethnolinguistic nature of folk etymology and taboos

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Natalia Rusnak
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Historical Methods

The purpose of the article is to analyze the Ukrainian nominations due to the internal form of the word. The names of literary language and vernacular on the basis of ethnolinguistic phenomena – folk etymology and taboos are involved in the analysis. The relevence of the study is due to the need to clarify ethnolinguistic phenomena associated with ambivalent tendencies – the vivid imagery of the word and its concealment and reproduction in linguistic concepts. Research methods. In the article as the main general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis are used, as well as linguistic – descriptive, structural and comparative and historical methods. Conclusions. For ethnolinguistics the phenomenon of folk etymology is important, which testifies the desire of speakers to explain the name, illustrates the subconscious attempt of native speakers to poetize the word, to inspire the word with poetry. In folk speech etymology motivates primarily toponyms and nicknames of people. Under the influence of folk etymology the literary language and folk words change their sound composition. Ethnolinguistic character has such a phenomenon as taboo: the word "hides" the internal form. During the Christmas holidays the speakers of the Bukovinian dialects had a taboo on the pronunciation of the word poppy. Taboo was widely used in folk birth rites. Euphemisms are associated with the phenomenon of taboos. In vernacular the word “devil” has many “substitutes”. Periphrases are close to euphemisms. In literary language there are established periphrases which emphasize the feature of the concept.

scholarly journals Galician Nationalism: History and Modernity

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Valentyna Hodlevska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Phase ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Nationalist Movement ◽  
Current State ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Historical Methods

The purpose of the article is to cover the history and determine the relevance of Galician nationalism. The origin and development of the nationalist movement in the region is analyzed. In our study general scientific and special historical and political science methods were applied. The general scientific methods (deductive and inductive, analysis and synthesis) were used as specific cognitive tools necessary to implement the principles of historicism, systematicism and objectivity. The general and special historical methods (historical-typological, statistical, comparative-historical, problem-chronological) allowed us to make a comprehensive analysis of the problem of Galician nationalism. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the author, for the first time in the national historical science, analyzes the features of Galician nationalism, the history of its development and the current state. Galician nationalism took shape in the 19th century. Among the predecessors of Galician nationalism, three movements can be distinguished: provincialism, federalism, and regionalism. Provincialism (later called Galicianism) was a movement that emerged in 1840 with the aim of protecting the integrity of the territory of Galicia. Regionalism became an intermediate phase in the evolution of the Galician movement between provincialism and nationalism. Galician federalism began to develop in 1865. The federalists argued that Galicia should be formed as a canton within Spain and that it be governed by its own cantonal constitution. Conclusions. As one of the four historic autonomous regions of Spain (along with Catalonia, the Basque Country and Andalusia), Galicia is significantly different in its understanding of its own nationalism. While Catalonia and the Basque Country strive for even greater independence, including threats of secession from the state, the nationalist movement in Galicia is becoming less tangible.

scholarly journals ФЛЕТ АНІМАЦІЯ В МОУШН-ДИЗАЙНІ ЯК СПОСІБ ВІЗУАЛІЗАЦІЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЇ

2019 ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Р. В. Хиневич ◽  
І. Б. Довженко ◽  
В. А. Родіна ◽  
О. Л. Яворський ◽  
О. В. Ковальчук
Keyword(s):  
Practical Significance ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Graphic Image ◽  
First Time ◽  
Motion Design

Define the specifics of flat animation as an innovative means of visualizing information in the field of motion design. Methodology. General scientific methods of research are used: analysis and synthesis, systematization and generalization, for studying of flat animation and its specifics in motion design, determination of features of its design and composite decisions, formation of research conclusions. The method of comparative analysis of types of modern animation is applied. Results. The features of the use of flat animation in various fields of application are considered, compositional methods and tools that are used to implement a variety of design decisions are analyzed, specific graphic image methods are identified and the basic elements inherent in modern animation products are identified. Scientific novelty. The most effective methods of visualization of information in motion-design are determined, the role of flat animation in motion-design is shown, its means of expression and their influence on the readability of information are analyzed. Practical significance. Investigated and systematized the techniques and means of composite solutions flat animation for mobile applications. Features that distinguish flat animation from other animated products are defined. For the first time, a paper calendar with mobile interactivity has been developed and implemented. This opens up the possibility of creating innovative printing calendars.

scholarly journals Jan Zamojski as a Representative of the Belz Voivodeship at the Warsaw Convocation Sejm in 1573

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Mariia Motuz
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Private Correspondence ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Historical Methods

The main purpose of the article is to study the position of Jan Zamojski as the sole ambassador of the Belz Voivodeship at the Warsaw Convocation Sejm in 1573. Such work will provide a better understanding of the sejm activities of the nobility of the Belz land in the late 16th century. The methodological basis of the article is the general scientific methods of critical analysis and synthesis. Among the special historical methods can be distinguished historical-comparative and problematic-chronological approaches. Legislative achievements of the pre-convocation sejms of Belz, Kalisz, Krakow, Poznan and Sandomierz voivodeship, resolutions of the Warsaw Convocation Sejm in 1573 and private correspondence of Jan Zamoyski in this period were used as a source base. Comparing the provisions of the instructions of the Belz pre-convocation sejm with the proposals of Wielkopolska and Malopolska ambassadors, as well as analysing Zamoyski’s letters at this time, we came to the conclusion that the views of the Ukrainian voivodeship largely coincided with those of Wielkopolska and Malopolska. In particular, in the instructions adopted in Belz, Wisla and Schröd, we come across mentions of necessity to agree on the time, place of election and form of participation of the nobility in this process, as well as to determine the principles of domestic and foreign policy for the interregnum. In addition, the Belgian ambassador Zamoysky in a letter to the provincial officer of the Ruthenian voivodeship Yakub Herburt put forward the idea of a common Sejm for all Ukrainian lands. In part, such statements can be interpreted as a rhetorical tool that helped Zamoyski achieve the main political goal at the time — to expand the circle of his supporters in different regions of the Commonwealth.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE FRANCHISE AGREEMENT IN POLAND

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Petro Nemesh ◽  
Vitalii Kadala
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Structural Method ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Key Terms

The purpose of the article is to study the economic and legal nature of the franchise agreement in Poland. Since franchising in this country has become the most common way of establishing a business, it is advisable to identify the key economic and legal features of the franchise agreement in which the parties specify their rights and obligations, the franchise price, the duration of the franchise relations, the procedure for performing calculations, etc. The subject of the study is a franchise agreement in Poland. Research methodology. The research is based on the use of general scientific and special-scientific methods and techniques of scientific knowledge. The dialectical method allowed us to investigate the definition of a franchise agreement in Poland and its key terms. The comparative legal method was used to compare doctrinal approaches to this issue. The statistical method was used to establish data that reflects the effectiveness of franchising activities. The method of system analysis helped to find out in which areas of economic activity franchising is most demanded. Interpretation of the content of Polish legal acts governing issues related to the conclusion of a franchise agreement in this country was realized with the help of the normative-dogmatic method. The system-structural method was used to study the franchise agreement in Poland as a single entity (system) with the coordinated functioning of all its elements. The methods of grouping and classifying formed the basis for separating the list of conditions, which are necessary for concluding a franchise agreement in Poland, as well as provisions that should be included in the content of this agreement. Methods of analysis and synthesis helped to study some parts of this agreement to formulate further conclusions. Practical application. The positive experience of Poland in regulating issues related to the conclusion of a franchise agreement can be used for making appropriate changes to the Ukrainian legislation. Although there is no special legislation in Poland, which regulates the issues connected with this kind of contract, the adoption of a number of progressive economic measures, as well as complement existing regulations with the provisions on franchising, allowed Poland to become one of the most attractive countries for foreign entrepreneurs. Correlation/originality. This scientific work is the first research in Ukraine devoted not only to general issues of regulation of franchising activity in Europe but specifically to the franchise agreement in a separate country (in Poland) and its legal and economic peculiarities.

scholarly journals THE DYNASTIC POLICY OF MARCUS AURELIUS

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
Vasylyna Tsiupak
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Potential Conflict ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Marcus Aurelius ◽  
Imperial Power ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Historical Methods

Summary. The article deals with Marcus Aurelius’ dynastic policy. The methodology of the study is based on the principles of historicism and scientific objectivity, as well as on the use of general scientific methods (methods of analysis and synthesis) and special-historical methods, among which: problem-chronological, comparative and retrospective. The scientific novelty is that for the first time in the Ukrainian historiography the article considers Marcus Aurelius’ dynastic policy as well as the evolution of his views on the problem of the succession of imperial power. It was found that in the main the approach of Marcus Aurelius to the problem of the inheritance of imperial power can be defined as follows: if a particular person had more rights to inherit the imperial power than anyone else and there was no good reason to refute this, that person must inherit the power. The conclusions are as follows. Marcus Aurelius’ dynastic policy  was logical and consistent. Its goal was to prevent domestic political upheavals that may have been caused by the struggle for imperial power leading to civil war. Initially, relying on Lucius Verus who like himself, was adopted by the previous emperor Antoninus Pius, he made Lucius Verus his co-ruler and married his daughter to him. The threat of a potential conflict for power between the son of Marcus Aurelius, Commodus, and Lucius Verus disappeared with the death of the latter. Since then, the dynastic policy of Marcus Aurelius was to ensure the future transfer of imperial power to his son, Commodus. Marcus Aurelius’ death did not lead to any upheavals in the Roman Empire. Virtually unopposed, Commodus became the sole rule, having received the state in a fairly stable condition.

scholarly journals Institutionalism of economic federalism relations

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Natalya Korotina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Design ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Institutional Approach ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
First Time ◽  
Organizational Mechanisms

Introduction. The article deals with the problem of institutionalism of economic federalism relations. The institutional approach to studying economic federalism makes it possible to study economic federalism as a complex structured institution based on describing the interaction of the existing institutions of federalism, its structures and mechanisms. The purpose of the article is to consider economic federalism from the standpoint of the institutional approach. Methods. In the article, the author uses general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction in the context of applying the institutional approach when studying the economic federalism relations. Scientific novelty. In the article, for the first time, the author highlights the elements of institutional regulation of the economic federalism system; has introduced the criterion for dividing the economic federalism institutions into formalized and non-formalized ones. Results. The author justifies the possibility of using the institutional approach when studying economic federalism, formulates the concept of “institution of federalism”, discloses the content of the institutional regulation of federal relations, presents for the first time the institutional design of the economic federalism system in terms of identifying subject areas and functions of economic federalism institutions, the spheres of institutionalization of economic federalism and economic consequences of institutional regulation. The author introduces the criterion of universality, which makes it possible to divide the institutions of economic federalism into formalized and non-formalized ones. Conclusions. The system of economic federalism presupposes the presence of institutions as stable norms, rules, procedures, organizational mechanisms governing the interaction of federalism participants, which gives the relations of economic federalism an institutional setting. Institutions of federalism both restrict and stimulate the dayto-day action of its participants. For the effective functioning of the economic federalism system, it is necessary to search for the optimal ratio of formalized (universal) and non-formalized (electoral) federalism institutions.

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