Peran Kaidah Fikih dalam Aktualisasi Hukum Islam: Studi Fatwa Yusuf Al-Qaradawi tentang Fiqh Al-Aqalliyat

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-172
Author(s):  
Zainul Mun'im
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Actual Solution ◽  
Muslim Minority ◽  
Muslim Communities

Fiqh as a product of Islamic law must always be up to date to become a religious solution for society. This fact requires scholars to have high creativity in doing ijtihad so that actualizing of Islamic law can be realized perfectly in today's contemporary era. One of the scholars who focus on the actualization of Islamic law is Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī. His fatwas, which contain actualizations of Islamic law, are fatwas on Muslim minority issues (fiqh al-aqalliyāt). This study highlights the role of Islamic legal maxims (al-qawāid al-fiqhiyyah) in al-Qaraḍāwī's fatwa on fiqh al-aqalliyāt. The data comes from books and articles related to the theme. This research proves that Islamic legal maxims have a dominant role in the methodology of al-Qaraḍāwī’s ijtihad. In establishing his fatwa, al-Qaraḍāwī based the argument on the opinion of the islamic scholars in accordance to the basic values of fiqh principles. Therefore, his fatwa can be an actual solution for minority Muslim communities in Western countries. Thus, Islamic legal maxims (al-qawāid al-fiqhiyyah) play a role in controlling and systematizing the laws around fiqh al-‘aqalliyāt so that it always leads to convenience and avoids difficulties.

‘Transformative Accommodation’: Towards the Convergence of Sharīʿah and Common Law in Muslim Minority Jurisdictions

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-261
Author(s):  
Zaleha Kamaruddin ◽  
Umar A. Oseni ◽  
Syed Khalid Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Muslim Minority ◽  
Muslim Communities

In spite of the increasingly globalized nature of the modern world and the surge in cross-civilizational intercourse among peoples of different backgrounds, cultures and ideologies, there is still the spectre of mutual suspicion in some Muslim minority jurisdictions where Muslims have sought to conduct their affairs in accordance with the Sharīʿah. In order to promote peaceful co-existence and mutual understanding, this article examines the prospects of convergence of Sharīʿah and Common law in Muslim communities in Western countries based on the concept of transformative accommodation. The study concludes that the long historical revelations of the Islamic origins of some important Common law concepts should pave a way for transformative accommodation which will ultimately lead to convergence of laws.

The Role of Personal Statutes in Social Development in Islamic Countries

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. D. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Muslim Country ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Muslim Communities

I take it that this title, which was not of my devising, is intended to cover the contribution that the series of partial or comparatively comprehensive codifications of the law of personal status, which have appeared in recent years in one Muslim country after another, has played or might play in the development of social conditions in general, and of family relations in particular, in the area concerned. But I shall confine my remarks in this paper to those legislative enactments which codify or restate principles of family law which are, or profess to be, specifically Islamic, whether they are applicable to Muslims alone or to those of more than one religion, rather than make any attempt to deal with the family law peculiar to one or another of the non-Muslim communities–partly because any comprehensive consideration of the latter would be too wide and detailed a task for such a paper as this, partly because each of these other systems of law is of comparatively restricted application, and partly because it is the Islamic law which has been the subject of my own specialist study.

scholarly journals Fikih Minoritas: Suatu Kajian Teoretis

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhayati Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Minority Communities ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Muslim Minority ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Muslim Minorities

Abstract: Fiqh for Minorities: a Theoretical Study. Fiqh for Minorities—which in Arabic is called Fiqh al-Aqaliyyât— is a fiqh model that maintains legal association of sharia and the dimensions of a particular community, namely minority Muslim communities in western countries. Fiqh for Minorities is a product of reinterpretation of the existing arguments on the basis of the benefit whichis the spirit of sharia. The designers of this fiqh are Taha Jabir al-’Alwani in his book, Toward a Fiqh for Minorities: Some Basic Reflection, and Yûsuf al-Qarâdawî in his book, Fî Fiqh al-Aqalliyât al- Muslimah. Fiqh for Minorities originated from the accumulation of the concerns of Muslim minority communities in western countries when it should be doing something related to their religion. This fiqh is designed to provide guidance and a handle on the things that are prohibited and permissible for Muslim minorities living in western countries to carry out their obligations as a Muslim.Keywords: fiqh, minority, shariaAbstrak: Fikih Minoritas: Suatu Kajian Teoretis. Fikih minoritas—yang dalam bahasa Arab disebut dengan Fiqh al- Aqalliyât—merupakan model fikih yang memelihara keterkaitan hukum shar‘î dengan dimensi-dimensi suatu komunitas tertentu, yaitu masyarakat minoritas Muslim di Barat. Fikih minoritas adalah sebuah produk hasil reinterpretasi atas dalil-dalil atas dasar kemaslahatan yang memang menjadi spirit syariah. Penggagas fikih ini adalah Tâhâ Jâbir al- ‘Alwânî dalam bukunya, Toward a Fiqh for Minorities: Some Basic Reflection dan Yûsuf al-Qarâdawî dalam bukunya, Fî Fiqh al-Aqalliyât al-Muslimah. Fikh minoritas lahir berawal dari akumulasi kegelisahan masyarakat minoritas Muslim di Barat ketika harus melakukan sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan keagamaan mereka. Fikih ini didesain untuk memberikan panduan dan pegangan tentang hal-hal yang dilarang dan yang boleh bagi minoritas Muslim yang tinggal di Barat untuk menjalankan kewajiban-kewajiban mereka sebagai seorang Muslim.Kata Kunci: fikih, minoritas, syariahDOI: 10.15408/ajis.v13i2.932

scholarly journals SEKULARISME SEBAGAI TANTANGAN DAKWAH KONTEMPORER

Al-Risalah ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Lukman Ma'sa
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Muslim Communities

The secularization project in the Islamic world has been going on for quite a long time, starting in the early 19th century, this ideology was under the rule of the western countries that colonized Muslim countries. likewise in Indonesia, this secularism under the Dutch colonialists. The Netherlands collaborates with Orientalist and Christian missionaries trying to secularize Indonesian Muslim communities. of course this secularization project has been opposed by Islamic figures. This paper tries to examine and describe secularism as an ideology and secularization process in Indonesia from the perspective of da'wah. the results of this paper prove that secularism is contrary to Islam, even wants to eliminate the role of Islamic religion in life. but ironically many Muslims who follow and have a secular understanding, they reject and blaspheme the Shari'ah, doubting the authenticity of the Qur'an, even do not believe in Islam as a true religion. of course this is a very serious da'wah problems, which requires serious attention and care from preachers (da’i) , ulama, and also da'wah institutions.

MUHAMMAD SAעID AL-עASHMAWY, Against Islamic Extremism: The Writings of Muhammad Saעid al-עAshmawy, ed. Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban (Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1998). Pp. 139. $49.95 cloth.

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 640-642
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Moosa
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Islamic Extremism ◽  
Contemporary Islam

In this book-length essay, Muhammad Saעid al-עAshmawy, the former Egyptian judge turned writer on contemporary Islam, engages with issues that have occupied Muslim communities for much of the 20th century. He addresses Islam's encounter with the “Other” (Jews and Christians), the role of religion in politics, and the application of Islamic law in modern Muslim societies. The author, whose writing was produced in English with the assistance of Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban in the capacity of editor, seeks to combat what he terms the phenomenon of Islamic extremism from which the book derives its title.

Chronic Pain: Fundamental Scientific Considerations, Specifically for Legal Claims

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Barth
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Problematic Relationship

Abstract Scientific findings have indicated that psychological and social factors are the driving forces behind most chronic benign pain presentations, especially in a claim context, and are relevant to at least three of the AMA Guides publications: AMA Guides to Evaluation of Disease and Injury Causation, AMA Guides to Work Ability and Return to Work, and AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment. The author reviews and summarizes studies that have identified the dominant role of financial, psychological, and other non–general medicine factors in patients who report low back pain. For example, one meta-analysis found that compensation results in an increase in pain perception and a reduction in the ability to benefit from medical and psychological treatment. Other studies have found a correlation between the level of compensation and health outcomes (greater compensation is associated with worse outcomes), and legal systems that discourage compensation for pain produce better health outcomes. One study found that, among persons with carpal tunnel syndrome, claimants had worse outcomes than nonclaimants despite receiving more treatment; another examined the problematic relationship between complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and compensation and found that cases of CRPS are dominated by legal claims, a disparity that highlights the dominant role of compensation. Workers’ compensation claimants are almost never evaluated for personality disorders or mental illness. The article concludes with recommendations that evaluators can consider in individual cases.

Pembinaan Semula Peradaban Komuniti Cina Muslim Berasaskan Dialog Antara Agama: Pengalaman di Terengganu dan Brunei

Sains Insani ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Azarudin Awang ◽  
Azman Che Mat ◽  
Sophian Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Interfaith Dialogue ◽  
Chinese Community ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Muslim Family

Bagi sesebuah negara yang mempunyai etnik pelbagai anutan kepercayaan dan perbezaan amalan budaya, dialog antara agama berperanan membetulkan semula kekaburan dalam kehidupan beragama dan berbudaya. Melalui peranan Saudara Baru, dialog antara agama mampu menjadi medan bagi menjelaskan kebenaran tentang agama Islam kepada masyarakat bukan Muslim dan pelaksanaan amalan budaya asal kepada Muslim asal. Objektif kajian ini ialah melihat pengalaman pelaksanaan dialog antara agama di Terengganu dan relevansi dalam kehidupan beragama di negara Brunei. Metode kajian ini menggunakan kajian dokumen yang menyentuh komuniti Cina Muslim di Terengganu dan Brunei. Pengalaman pelaksanaan dialog antara agama di Terengganu dan negara Brunei memperlihatkan dialog antara agama mampu membetulkan salah faham dan selanjutnya mengendurkan ketegangan hubungan antara agama dan budaya antara komuniti Saudara Baru, ahli keluarga bukan Muslim dan masyarakat Muslim asal. Biarpun begitu, adalah dicadangkan agar kajian yang menyentuh dialog antara agama perlu diperkukuhkan sebagai medium membina semula peradaban memandangkan penduduk di kedua-dua lokasi ini terdiri daripada berbilang etnik dan agama sedangkan pada masa yang sama masalah yang menyentuh hubungan antara agama sentiasa timbul. Abstract: For a country with diverse ethics of beliefs and cultural practices, interfaith dialogue plays a role to redefine ambiguity in religious and cultural life. Through the role of the New Muslim (Muslim Convert), interfaith dialogue can become a medium to explain the truth about Islam to the non-Muslims and the implementation of real cultural practices to the others Muslim. The objective of this study is to examine the experience of interfaith dialogue in Terengganu and in Brunei. The method of this study is being conducted in document research that related with the Muslim Chinese community in Terengganu and Brunei. In addition, interviews with people involved in the management of New Muslims also carried out. The experience of interfaith dialogue in Terengganu and Brunei shows that dialogue capable explains misunderstandings and further loosening the tension between religion and culture among New Muslims, non-Muslim family members and Muslim communities. However, it is recommended that studies on interfaith dialogue should be strengthened as a medium for rebuilding civilization as the residents of both locations are multi-ethnic and religious while at the same time the problem of interreligious persists.

Peran Bank Syariah: Menuju Perekonomian Masyarakat Madani

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
Dini Maulana Lestari ◽  
M Roif Muntaha ◽  
Immawan Azhar BA
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Financial Service ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Free Society ◽  
The Public ◽  
Turn On ◽  
The People ◽  
Strategic Role

Islamic banks are present in the community as financial institutions whose activities are based on the principles of Islamic law for the benefit of the people. This study aims to determine the strategic role of Islamic Banks as financial service institutions, the importance of the existence of Islamic Banks and Islamic-based markets and financial instruments in them. In its development, Islamic banks have a role as institutions that turn on public funds, channel funds to the public, transfer assets, liquidity, reallocation of income and transactions. In the Indonesian economic system, the existence of Islamic Banks is important as an alternative solution to the problem of conflict between bank interest and usury. Islamic financial markets and instruments provide a free society of interest and follow a different set of principles. Distribution of profit/ loss according to evidence of participation in the management fund. The division of rental income in the form of musharaka.

НЕКОТОРЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТИ РЕСПИРАТОРНОЙ АЛЛЕРГИИ НА ЮГЕ РОССИИ

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.Sh. Macharadze
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Pollen Allergy ◽  
Respiratory Allergy ◽  
House Dust Mites ◽  
Dust Mites ◽  
The Past ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Respiratory Allergies ◽  
Southern Russia

В обзорной статье приведены данные по распространенности респираторной аллергии - аллергического ринита и бронхиальной астмы на юге России, опубликованные за последние десятилетия. Показана доминирующая роль пыльцевой аллергии практически во всем южном регионе России. В Чеченской Республике у больных респираторной аллергией обнаружена сходная частота встречаемости сенсибилизации к клещам домашней пыли и пыльце злаковых трав (51,1 и 52,5 соответственно), тогда как сенсибилизация к пыльце амброзии и полыни встречалась в 3 раза реже (26,6 и 20,7 соответственно) по сравнению с соседними регионами юга России. Эти данные демонстрируют климатогеографические, экологические и другие региональные особенности в распространении респираторной аллергии.The review article presents data on the prevalence of respiratory allergy - allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma in southern Russia, published over the past decades. The dominant role of pollen allergy is shown in almost the entire southern region of Russia. In the Chechen Republic, sensitization to house dust mites and grass pollen was found in patients with respiratory allergy equally (51.1 and 52.5, respectively), whereas ragweed and mugwort sensitization was 3 times less (26.6 and 20.7, respectively) compared with the neighboring regions of southern Russia. These data demonstrate climate-geographical, environmental and other regional features in the prevalence of respiratory allergies.

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