scholarly journals Trends in incidence of childhood cancer in Canada, 1992–2006

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mitra ◽  
A.K. Shaw ◽  
K. Hutchings
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cancer Registration ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Registration Data ◽  
Renal Tumours ◽  
Hepatic Tumours

Introduction Cancer is the leading cause of disease-related death in children aged 1 to 14 years in Canada. Despite the importance to public health of childhood cancer, there have been few reports on Canadian trends published in the peer-reviewed literature. This study examines childhood cancer trends by age, sex, and province of residence using the most current cancer registration data. Methods Data from the population-based Canadian Cancer Registry were used to compute incidence trends in primary cancers diagnosed between 1992 and 2006 in children (0-14 years) for the 12 major diagnostic groups of the International Classification of Childhood Cancer, 3rd edition. Results Between 1992 and 2006, incidence rates for all cancers remained stable, although trends varied by cancer type. We observed a significant decrease in retinoblastoma in boys for the entire period (−6.5% per year) and an increase in leukemia from 1992 to 1999 (+3.5% per year). In girls, there was a significant decrease in renal tumours from 1998 to 2006 (−5.7% per year) and an increase in hepatic tumours from 1997 to 2006 (+8.1% per year). Differences by age and province were also apparent. Some caution should be exercised when interpreting trends involving a small number of cases per year and those with wide 95% confidence intervals. Conclusion Our findings suggest an ongoing need for population-based surveillance and etiologic research.

scholarly journals Childhood cancer incidence in Canada: demographic and geographic variation of temporal trends (1992–2010)

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Xie ◽  
Jay Onysko ◽  
Howard Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Geographic Variations ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Cancer Registry Data

Introduction Surveillance of childhood cancer incidence trends can inform etiologic research, policy and programs. This study presents the first population-based report on demographic and geographic variations in incidence trends of detailed pediatric diagnostic groups in Canada. Methods The Canadian Cancer Registry data were used to calculate annual age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) from 1992 to 2010 among children less than 15 years of age by sex, age and region for the 12 main diagnostic groups and selected subgroups of the International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC), 3rd edition. Temporal trends were examined by annual percent changes (APCs) using Joinpoint regression. Results The ASIRs of childhood cancer among males increased by 0.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.2–0.9) annually from 1992 to 2010, whereas incidence among females increased by 3.2% (CI = 0.4–6.2) annually since 2004 after an initial stabilization. The largest overall increase was observed in children aged 1–4 years (APC = 0.9%, CI = 0.4–1.3). By region, the overall rates increased the most in Ontario from 2006 to 2010 (APC = 5.9%, CI = 1.9–10.1), and increased non-significantly in the other regions from 1992 to 2010. Average annual ASIRs for all cancers combined from 2006 to 2010 were lower in the Prairies (149.4 per million) and higher in Ontario (170.1 per million). The ASIRs increased for leukemias, melanoma, carcinoma, thyroid cancer, ependymomas and hepatoblastoma for all ages, and neuroblastoma in 1–4 year olds. Astrocytoma decreased in 10–14 year olds (APC = −2.1%, CI = −3.7 to −0.5), and among males (APC = −2.4%, CI = −4.6 to −0.2) and females (APC = −3.7%, CI = −5.8 to −1.6) in Ontario over the study period. Conclusion Increasing incidence trends for all cancers and selected malignancies are consistent with those reported in other developed countries, and may reflect the changes in demographics and etiological exposures, and artefacts of changes in cancer coding, diagnosis and reporting. Significant decreasing trend for astrocytoma in late childhood was observed for the first time.

scholarly journals Mobile phone use and incidence of brain tumour histological types, grading or anatomical location: a population-based ecological study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e024489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Karipidis ◽  
Mark Elwood ◽  
Geza Benke ◽  
Masoumeh Sanagou ◽  
Lydiawati Tjong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Brain Tumour ◽  
Brain Tumours ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Mobile Phone Use ◽  
Registration Data ◽  
Relative Risks

ObjectiveSome studies have reported increasing trends in certain brain tumours and a possible link with mobile phone use has been suggested. We examined the incidence time trends of brain tumour in Australia for three distinct time periods to ascertain the influence of improved diagnostic technologies and increase in mobile phone use on the incidence of brain tumours.DesignIn a population-based ecological study, we examined trends of brain tumour over the periods 1982–1992, 1993–2002 and 2003–2013. We further compared the observed incidence during the period of substantial mobile phone use (2003–2013) with predicted (modelled) incidence for the same period by applying various relative risks, latency periods and mobile phone use scenarios.SettingNational Australian incidence registration data on primary cancers of the brain diagnosed between 1982 and 2013.Population16 825 eligible brain cancer cases aged 20–59 from all of Australia (10 083 males and 6742 females).Main outcome measuresAnnual percentage change (APC) in brain tumour incidence based on Poisson regression analysis.ResultsThe overall brain tumour rates remained stable during all three periods. There was an increase in glioblastoma during 1993–2002 (APC 2.3, 95% CI 0.8 to 3.7) which was likely due to advances in the use of MRI during that period. There were no increases in any brain tumour types, including glioma (−0.6, –1.4 to 0.2) and glioblastoma (0.8, –0.4 to 2.0), during the period of substantial mobile phone use from 2003 to 2013. During that period, there was also no increase in glioma of the temporal lobe (0.5, –1.3 to 2.3), which is the location most exposed when using a mobile phone. Predicted incidence rates were higher than the observed rates for latency periods up to 15 years.ConclusionsIn Australia, there has been no increase in any brain tumour histological type or glioma location that can be attributed to mobile phones.

scholarly journals Breast cancer incidence trends in Norway and estimates of overdiagnosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula A van Luijt ◽  
Eveline AM Heijnsdijk ◽  
Nicolien T van Ravesteyn ◽  
Solveig Hofvind ◽  
Harry J de Koning
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Registration ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Registration Data

Objective Fluctuations in the incidence of breast cancer in Norway in the last three decades are partly explained by the use of hormone replacement therapy and mammography screening, but overdiagnosis has also been suggested as a cause. We assessed the trends in breast cancer incidence and overdiagnosis in Norway. Methods We calibrated our microsimulation model to Norwegian Cancer Registration data. The model takes into account the use of mammography (both within and outside the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Programme) and of hormone replacement therapy. We obtained a proper fit of breast cancer incidence in recent years, when assuming an increase in the background risk for breast cancer, and estimated overdiagnosis. Results We estimated a 2% overdiagnosis rate as a fraction of all cancers diagnosed in women aged 50–100, and a 3% overdiagnosis rate as a fraction of all cancers diagnosed in women aged 50–70 (i.e. screening age). If all of the increased incidence would be the result of the detection of slow growing tumours, these estimates were 7% and 11%, respectively. Conclusion Besides mammography and hormone replacement therapy use, additional risk factors contributed to the sudden increase in breast cancer incidence in Norway. Overdiagnosis estimates due to screening were within the range of international plausible estimates.

scholarly journals Incidence of myeloid neoplasms in Spain (2002–2013): a population-based study of the Spanish network of cancer registries

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Solans ◽  
Arantza Sanvisens ◽  
Alberto Ameijide ◽  
Susana Merino ◽  
Dolores Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Myeloid Neoplasms ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Hematological Cancers ◽  
Public Health Authorities

AbstractComprehensive population-based data on myeloid neoplasms (MNs) are limited, mainly because some subtypes were not recognized as hematological cancers prior to the WHO publication in 2001, and others are too rare to allow robust estimates within regional studies. Herein, we provide incidence data of the whole spectrum of MNs in Spain during 2002–2013 using harmonized data from 13 population-based cancer registries. Cases (n = 17,522) were grouped following the HAEMACARE groupings and 2013-European standardized incidence rates (ASRE), incidence trends, and estimates for 2021 were calculated. ASRE per 100,000 inhabitants was 5.14 (95% CI: 5.00–5.27) for myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), 4.71 (95% CI: 4.59–4.84) for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), 3.91 (95% CI: 3.79–4.02) for acute myeloid leukemia, 0.83 (95% CI: 0.78–0.88) for MDS/MPN, 0.35 (95% CI: 0.32–0.39) for acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage, and 0.58 (95% CI: 0.53–0.62) for not-otherwise specified (NOS) cases. This study highlights some useful points for public health authorities, such as the remarkable variability in incidence rates among Spanish provinces, the increasing incidence of MPN, MDS, and MDS/MPN during the period of study, in contrast to a drop in NOS cases, and the number of cases expected in 2021 based on these data (8446 new MNs).

scholarly journals Changes in Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure to the Ocular Region: A Population-Based Study

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezekiel Weis ◽  
Sebastian Q. Vrouwe ◽  
David B. LeBaron ◽  
Matthew B. Parliament ◽  
Jerry Shields ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
The Body ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Males And Females

In contrast to the well-established association between ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure and skin cancers, the relationship between UVR and uveal malignant melanoma (UM) remains controversial. To address this controversy, we evaluated the incidence rates of cutaneous malignancies in the eyelids as a proxy for UVR exposure in the ocular region using a population-based cancer registry. Overall, 74,053 cases of eyelid basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 7890 cases of melanoma over a 26-year period (1982–2007) were analyzed. The incidence of eyelid basal cell carcinoma and uveal melanoma remained stable, whereas other cutaneous areas demonstrated an increase in the rates. A comparability test demonstrated that BCC incidence trends were significantly different between the eyelid versus both chronically exposed (males p = 0.001; females p = 0.01) and intermittently exposed skin (males and females, p = 0.0002), as well as the skin of the face (males p = 0.002; females p = 0.02). Similarly, melanoma trends were significantly different between the UM group versus both chronically exposed cutaneous melanoma (CM) (males p = 0.001; females p = 0.04) and intermittently exposed CM (males p = 0.005), as well as facial skin CM (males and females p = 0.0002). The discrepancy of cancer incidence between tumors in the peri-ocular region versus the rest of the body suggests that the peri-ocular region might have a different or unique exposure pattern to ultraviolet radiation.

scholarly journals Indicators of Data Quality at the Cancer Registry Zurich and Zug in Switzerland

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Wanner ◽  
Katarina L. Matthes ◽  
Dimitri Korol ◽  
Silvia Dehler ◽  
Sabine Rohrmann
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cancer Registration ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Over Time

Data quality is an important issue in cancer registration. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the four main data quality indicators (comparability, validity, timeliness, and completeness) for the Cancer Registry Zurich and Zug (Switzerland). We extracted all malignant cancer cases (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) diagnosed between 1980 and 2014 in the canton of Zurich. Methods included the proportion of morphologically verified cases (MV%), the proportion of DCN and DCO cases (2009–2014), cases with primary site uncertain (PSU%), the stability of incidence rates over time, age-specific incidence rates for childhood cancer, and mortality:incidence (MI) ratios. The DCO rate decreased from 6.4% in 1997 to 0.8% in 2014 and was <5% since 2000. MV% was 95.5% in 2014. PSU% was <3% over the whole period. The incidence rate of all tumours increased over time with site-specific fluctuations. The overall M:I ratio decreased from 0.58 in 1980 to 0.37 in 2014. Overall, data quality of the Cancer Registry Zurich and Zug was acceptable according to the methods presented in this review. Most indicators improved over time with low DCO rates, high MV%, low PSU%, relatively low M:I ratios and age-specific incidence of childhood cancer within reference ranges.

scholarly journals Characteristics and trends of childhood cancer in Pudong, China, 2002–2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junqi Ji ◽  
Zheng Luo ◽  
Yichen Chen ◽  
Xiaoyun Xu ◽  
Xiaopan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Cancer Type

Abstract Background With the growing threat of cancer to children’s health, it is necessary to analyze characteristics and trends of childhood cancer to formulate better cancer prevention strategies. Methods Data on the 430 children with cancer during 2002–2015 were collected from the Pudong Cancer Registry, diagnosed with the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology and categorized according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer. The incidence rate, trends over time, and survival of patients grouped by sex, age, and region were explored using the Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression, and Joinpoint Regression models. Results The crude childhood cancer incidence and world age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) were 115.1/1,000,000 and 116.3/1,000,000 person-years. The two most frequent cancers were leukemia (136/430, 31.63%, ASR, 37.8/1,000,000 person-years) and central nervous system (CNS) tumors (86/430, 20.00%, ASR, 22.9/1,000,000 person-years). Our findings indicate that the survival rate for children between 10 and 15 years of age was higher than that for 5–10; and the survival rate for children who had leukemia was higher than that of children with CNS tumors. However, the overall incidence of childhood cancer, and leukemia, CNS tumors remained relatively stable in Pudong between 2002 and 2015. Conclusions The incidence and survival rate for childhood cancer patients varied by age and cancer type. The overall trends of childhood cancer incidence remained relatively stable in Pudong from 2002 to 2015 even though socioeconomic development has been unprecedentedly fast in this region.

Rapid transitions in the epidemiology of stroke and its risk factors in China from 2002 to 2013

Neurology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianjia Guan ◽  
Jing Ma ◽  
Mei Li ◽  
Tao Xue ◽  
Zongmin Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Stroke Prevalence ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

Objective:To estimate the current prevalence, temporal incidence trends, and contribution of risk factors for stroke in China.Methods:The China National Stroke Screening Survey (CNSSS) is an ongoing nationwide population-based program. A representative sample of 1,292,010 adults over 40 years old with 31,188 identified stroke cases from the 2013 and 2014 CNSSS database was analyzed to provide descriptive statistics of the prevalence and risk factors for stroke in 2014. In addition, a retrospective evaluation of 12,526 first-ever stroke cases in 2002–2013 and stroke mortality data from the 2002–2013 China Public Health Statistical Yearbook was conducted to estimate the incidence rates.Results:In 2014, the adjusted stroke prevalence was 2.06% in adults aged 40 years and older. After full adjustments, all risk factors assessed showed significant associations with stroke (p < 0.01); the largest contributor was hypertension (population-attributable risk 53.2%), followed by family history, dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, physical inactivity, smoking, and overweight/obesity. The incidence of first-ever stroke in adults aged 40–74 years increased from 189/100,000 individuals in 2002 to 379/100,000 in 2013—an overall annual increase of 8.3%. Stroke-specific mortality in adults aged 40–74 years has remained stable, at approximately 124 deaths/100,000 individuals in both 2002 and 2013.Conclusions:In 2002–2013, the incidence of stroke in China increased rapidly. Combined with a high prevalence, a trend toward a younger age, and stable mortality, this finding suggests that additional clinical and behavioral interventions for metabolic and lifestyle risk factors are necessary to prevent stroke, particularly in certain populations.

scholarly journals Estimated and Observed Cancer Incidence in Italy: A Validation Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Capocaccia ◽  
Carlotta Buzzoni ◽  
Enrico Grande ◽  
Riccardo Inghelmann ◽  
Francesco Bellù ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Crude Incidence ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Italian Regions

Aims and background The study aimed to validate model-based incidence estimates by means of observed incidence rates provided by Italian cancer registries, for five major cancer sites (stomach, colon and rectum, lung, breast and prostate cancers) and for all cancers together. Methods Recent incidence rates observed by Italian population-based cancer registries were extracted from the data base of the Italian Association of Cancer Registries. Regional estimates of incidence rates for the same cancers were obtained by the MIAMOD method. Observed and estimated crude incidence rates and incidence trends were compared for the period of diagnosis 1985-2000. Eight Italian cancer registries and seven regions were selected for the analysis since they had incidence data available during the entire selected period. Results and conclusions An excellent agreement between estimated and observed crude incidence rates was found for all single cancer sites, regarding absolute incidence levels and time trends. A partial exception was breast, where empirical data showed a sudden increase in the last three years of observation, perhaps due to organized screenings in some Italian regions, and not captured by statistical models. Substantial underestimation of model-based incidence rates was found for all cancers combined, where the difference tended to increase with calendar year, up to a maximum of 20% in recent years. The greatest part of the discrepancy can be attributed to multiple cancers, which were included in cancer registries statistics but were not accounted for in MIAMOD estimates.

Epidemiology and Medication Pattern Change of Psoriatic Diseases in Taiwan from 2000 to 2013: A Nationwide, Population-based Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Cheng-Chung Wei ◽  
Lin-Hong Shi ◽  
Jing-Yang Huang ◽  
Xue-Fen Wu ◽  
Rui Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Classification Code ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Taiwan National Health Insurance

Objective.To analyze the trend of prevalence and incidence rates for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and psoriasis in Taiwan, and to determine the changes in medication patterns.Methods.Data were collected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, which covered at least 95% of the population from 2000 to 2013. International Classification of Diseases, 9th edition (ICD-9) was used to identify PsA (ICD-9 696.0) and other psoriasis (ICD-9 696.1). Medications were identified by Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification code. We calculated the annual age standardized prevalence and incidence rate of PsA and psoriasis in individuals aged ≥ 16 years from 2000 to 2013, and used the Poisson regression to test the trends by Wald chi-square statistic.Results.The prevalence (per 100,000 population) of psoriatic diseases between 2000 and 2013 increased from 11.12 to 37.75 for PsA, and from 179.2 to 281.5 for psoriasis. The incidence (per 100,000 person-yrs) increased from 3.64 to 6.91 in PsA, while there was no significant change in psoriasis. Prevalence and incidence in PsA were more rapidly increased than in psoriasis. Sex ratio (men to women) of PsA decreased from 2.0 to 1.5 in 2000 and 2013, respectively. There was an increase in the use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD), especially biologics, which is significantly different from topical therapies.Conclusion.The prevalence and incidence rates of psoriatic disease, especially PsA, were increasing in Taiwan. The medication pattern showed an increase in DMARD and biologics, while use of topical therapies decreased.

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