scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE COMPETITIVENESS INCREASE OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT DESIGNS OF WIND TURBINES OF VARIOUS TYPES

2017 ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Albertovich Ilyin ◽  
Nickolai Dmitrievich Shishkin
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Specific Capital

The structural analysis of wind turbines (WT) shows that along with horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWT) there are now widely used vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWT). Significant advantages of the combined type VAWT on the basis of wind turbines of Darrieus and Savonius make them most promising for further improvement and wide application. Power of the wind turbine depends on the angle of the vector of the wind flow to the axis of rotation of the wind motor. The presence of control systems makes the wind turbines HAWT "slow" because of long reaction. As a result, the utilization of wind energy of the powerful HAWT can be reduced to 0.15-0.25 and become lower than that of VAWT, amounting to 0.20-0.40. Calculations show that the payback period of wind turbines increases from 2 to 50 years, with the increase of specific capital investments in wind turbines from 25 000 RUB/kW to 150 000 RUB/kW (from 417 up to 2500 $/kW), reducing the cost of the displaced electricity from 2.0 RUB/kW·h to 5.0 RUB/kW·h. Specific capital investments in wind turbines with a payback period of 7.0 years should not exceed 53 000 RUB/kW (884 $/kW). It seems quite reasonable to use HAWT and VAWT of the big capacity to create wind farms connected to a centralized grid. HAWT and VAWT with capacity up to 30 kW can be used for autonomous power supply of objects remoted from the centralized power supply systems.

scholarly journals Features of operation of wind power stations as an supplementary source of electricity for non-traction consumers of railway electric mains

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Kachan Yu ◽  
Kuznetsov V
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Supply Systems

Purpose. Identify the features of operation of wind farms as an auxiliary supplier of electricity for non-traction consumers of railway networks and analyze the main factors that directly affect the use of wind farms due to the random nature of wind flow and additional factors due to the above conditions in different climates. The research methodology is based on modern methods of computational mathematics, statistics and information analysis using modern computer technology. Findings. The need to use renewable energy sources in the power supply systems of non-traction consumers of railway transport is obvious. Given the constant growth of prices and tariffs for electricity in Ukraine, more and more attention is paid to its savings and the search for the cheapest and most affordable alternative sources. The authors consider issues related to the possibility of using additional generation of electricity in the power supply systems of railway transport through the use of wind turbines, including for non-traction consumers. The analysis of wind flow features in some regions of Ukraine was carried out, and the measurement of wind speed in Zaporizhia and Dnipropetrovsk regions was obtained with the help of a compact wind speed sensor manufactured by Micro-Step-MIS LLC (Russia). The obtained values of wind speed were recorded and stored digitally. The received information of the above device was processed. The authors conclude that in the case of using wind turbines as an additional power source in the networks of non-traction consumers of railway power supply systems it is economically advantageous to connect them directly to these networks and fully use all electricity produced by them, reducing its consumption from this power supply system. The originality is that the use of renewable energy sources in the power supply systems of non-traction consumers of railway transport, in particular wind turbines, is proposed. Practical implications. Introduction of wind power plants as an auxiliary supplier of electricity for non-traction consumers of railway power grids in order to minimize electricity costs. Keywords: renewable energy sources, quality of electric energy, wind power plant, power supply networks of railway transport, non-traction consumers of railway electric networks, electricity production, wind speed.

scholarly journals Flow Characteristics of a Straight-Bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbine with Inclined Pitch Axes

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 6281
Author(s):  
Jia Guo ◽  
Liping Lei
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Incline Angle ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Unsteady Wake ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines

Currently, vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT) are considered as an alternative technology to horizontal axis wind turbines in specific wind conditions, such as offshore farms. However, complex unsteady wake structures of VAWTs exert a significant influence on performance of wind turbines and wind farms. In the present study, instantaneous flow fields around and downstream of an innovative VAWT with inclined pitch axes are simulated by an actuator line model. Unsteady flow characteristics around the wind turbine with variations of azimuthal angles are discussed. Several fluid parameters are then evaluated on horizontal and vertical planes under conditions of various fold angles and incline angles. Results show that the total estimated wind energy in the shadow of the wind turbine with an incline angle of 30° and 150° is 4.6% higher than that with an incline angle of 90°. In this way, appropriate arrangements of wind turbines with various incline angles have the potential to obtain more power output in a wind farm.

scholarly journals Benefits of collocating vertical-axis and horizontal-axis wind turbines in large wind farms

Wind Energy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengbai Xie ◽  
Cristina L. Archer ◽  
Niranjan Ghaisas ◽  
Charles Meneveau
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines ◽  
Large Wind

Optimal Placement of Horizontal- and Vertical-Axis Wind Turbines in a Wind Farm for Maximum Power Generation Using a Genetic Algorithm

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Chen ◽  
Ramesh Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbines ◽  
Wake Effects ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines ◽  
Wake Model

In this paper, we consider the Wind Farm layout optimization problem using a genetic algorithm. Both the Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbines (HAWT) and Vertical-Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT) are considered. The goal of the optimization problem is to optimally place the turbines within the wind farm such that the wake effects are minimized and the power production is maximized. The reasonably accurate modeling of the turbine wake is critical in determination of the optimal layout of the turbines and the power generated. For HAWT, two wake models are considered; both are found to give similar answers. For VAWT, a very simple wake model is employed.

Vertical axis wind turbine operation in icing conditions: A review study

2021 ◽  
pp. 0309524X2110618
Author(s):  
Syed Abdur Rahman Tahir ◽  
Muhammad Shakeel Virk
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbines ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Accretion Physics

Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) can be a promising solution for electricity production in remote ice prone territories of high north, where good wind resources are available, but icing is a challenge that can affect its optimum operation. A lot of research has been made to study the icing effects on the conventional horizontal axis wind turbines, but the literature about vertical axis wind turbines operating in icing conditions is still scarce, despite the importance of this topic. This paper presents a review study about existing knowledge of VAWT operation in icing condition. Focus has been made in better understanding of ice accretion physics along VAWT blades and methods to detect and mitigate icing effects.

Synchronization of wind farm power supply into the utility grid

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Alexey Bogatyrev
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Time Signal ◽  
Electricity Distribution ◽  
Utility Grid ◽  
The Moment ◽  
External Time

Wind turbines and wind farms can be connected to the major electricity distribution system. This paper presents the research results on synchronization of wind farm power supply into the utility grid depending on parameters of the grid at the moment. Measurement time gets synchronized with the external time signal delivered from a navigating system like GLONASS. This can help eliminate antiphase operation of individual wind turbines. Connection diagrams and the whole methodology presented in this paper aim to make wind farm power supply into the grid more effective and loss-eliminating.

scholarly journals Design and Testing of a LUT Airfoil for Straight-Bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbines

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoutu Li ◽  
Ye Li ◽  
Congxin Yang ◽  
Xuyao Zhang ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Lift Coefficient ◽  
Pressure Coefficient ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbines ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines

The airfoil plays an important role in improving the performance of wind turbines. However, there is less research dedicated to the airfoils for Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs) compared to the research on Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWTs). With the objective of maximizing the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil by optimizing its geometrical parameters and by considering the law of motion of VAWTs, a new airfoil, designated the LUT airfoil (Lanzhou University of Technology), was designed for lift-driven VAWTs by employing the sequential quadratic programming optimization method. Afterwards, the pressure on the surface of the airfoil and the flow velocity were measured in steady conditions by employing wind tunnel experiments and particle image velocimetry technology. Then, the distribution of the pressure coefficient and aerodynamic loads were analyzed for the LUT airfoil under free transition. The results show that the LUT airfoil has a moderate thickness (20.77%) and moderate camber (1.11%). Moreover, compared to the airfoils commonly used for VAWTs, the LUT airfoil, with a wide drag bucket and gentle stall performance, achieves a higher maximum lift coefficient and lift–drag ratios at the Reynolds numbers 3 × 105 and 5 × 105.

scholarly journals Unlike-Pole Inductor Generator with Electrically Integrated Armature and Excitation Windings for the Power Supply Systems of Passenger Cars / RADIĀLAS IEROSMES INDUKTORĢENERATORS AR ELEKTRISKI APVIENOTIEM ENKURA UN IEROSMES TINUMIEM PASAŽIERU VAGONU ELEKTROAPGĀDES SISTĒMAI

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Levin ◽  
E. Kamolins ◽  
V. Pugachev
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals ◽  
Economic Indices ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Supply Systems

Substantial improvement of the undercar inductor generator used for supplying power to passenger cars is achievable through increasing its specific power, reliability, reparability, and decreasing the cost of its manufacturing. It is proposed to integrate electrically the armature and excitation windings of the generator thus considerably simplifying its design while reducing its mass and consumption of non-ferrous metals. To gain these advantages a test prototypal generator was made and bench-tested. The results of tests show that a 1.5-fold mass reduction is achievable along with good technical-economic indices of the generator.

Numerical Simulation for the Starting Characteristics of a Wind Turbine

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
Anna Kuwana ◽  
Xue Yan Bai ◽  
Dan Yao ◽  
Haruo Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Optimum Shape ◽  
Blade Thickness ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Starting Characteristics

There are many types of wind turbine. Large propeller-type wind turbines are used mainly for large wind farms and offshore wind power generation. Small vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) are often used in distributed energy systems. In previous studies on wind turbines, the basic characteristics such as torque coefficient have often been obtained during rotation, with the turbine rotating at a constant speed. Such studies are necessary for the proper design of wind turbines. However, it is also necessary to conduct research under conditions in which the wind direction and wind speed change over time. Numerical simulation of the starting characteristics is carried out in this study. Based on the flow field around the wind turbine, the force required to rotate the turbine is calculated. The force used to stop the turbine is modeled based on friction in relation to the bearing. Equations for the motion of the turbine are solved by their use as external force. Wind turbine operation from the stationary state to the start of rotation is simulated. Five parameters, namely, blade length, wind turbine radius, overlap, gap, and blade thickness, are changed and the optimum shape is obtained. The simulation results tend to qualitatively agree with the experimental results for steadily rotating wind turbines in terms of two aspects: (1) the optimal shape has an 20% overlap of the turbine radius, and (2) the larger the gap, the lower the efficiency.

Development and Application of a Simulation Tool for Vertical and Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Marten ◽  
Juliane Wendler ◽  
Georgios Pechlivanoglou ◽  
Christian Navid Nayeri ◽  
Christian Oliver Paschereit
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
First Case ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines ◽  
Lift And Drag ◽  
The Impact

A double-multiple-streamtube vertical axis wind turbine simulation and design module has been integrated within the open-source wind turbine simulator QBlade. QBlade also contains the XFOIL airfoil analysis functionalities, which makes the software a single tool that comprises all functionality needed for the design and simulation of vertical or horizontal axis wind turbines. The functionality includes two dimensional airfoil design and analysis, lift and drag polar extrapolation, rotor blade design and wind turbine performance simulation. The QBlade software also inherits a generator module, pitch and rotational speed controllers, geometry export functionality and the simulation of rotor characteristics maps. Besides that, QBlade serves as a tool to compare different blade designs and their performance and to thoroughly investigate the distribution of all relevant variables along the rotor in an included post processor. The benefits of this code will be illustrated with two different case studies. The first case deals with the effect of stall delaying vortex generators on a vertical axis wind turbine rotor. The second case outlines the impact of helical blades and blade number on the time varying loads of a vertical axis wind turbine.

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