scholarly journals The Role of Local Self-government in the System of Interaction between Government and Society: Theoretical Approaches

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Igor Nikolayevich Ivanenko ◽  
Yana Aleksandrovna Krutova
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Institu Tions ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Func Tion

This paper examines the role of local self-government in the system of interaction between government and society. The characteristic features of self-government and local self-government are highlighted, and the opinions of scientists who played the most important role in shaping ap-proaches to determining the content of the institu-tion of local self-government are analyzed. The pre-requisites for the formation of a sociological ap-proach to determining the content of public institu-tions and their main features are studied. The order of formation of public institutions in various stages of development of society in Russia and foreign countries is considered. The study highlights the importance of sociological research in the process of forming an effectively functioning civil society in the Russian state. As a result of the research, the author's approach to determining the role and func-tion of local self-government in the system of inter-action between government and society is formulat-ed.

scholarly journals National Project “Demography” and the Prospects of Demographic Growth Through the Eyes of the Expert Community

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Natalia M. Velikaya ◽  
◽  
Galina V. Tartygasheva ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Expert Community

The processes of strengthening the country’s security are inextricably linked with ensuring demographic security, preserving and supporting the population, improving the quality of life, and this direction of state and civil efforts is one of the most important for modern Russia. Within the framework of the concept of overcoming the most pressing demographic threats – depopulation and unregulated migration processes, in addition to the pro-natalist policy of the state, the creation of economic conditions for improving the quality of life in general, the most popular and at the same time controversial tool for solving demographic problems is the migration policy aimed at attracting migrants from foreign countries. countries that must solve both the demographic and economic problems of the state. The article presents the results of expert polls of sociological research in 2019 and 2021. “Monitoring of public opinion of the population regarding current socio-cultural threats”, “Image of the future of Russia” conducted by the Center for Sociological Research of the Russian State Humanitarian University using a similar method, which analyzes the public opinion of experts on trends in Russia’s demographic development and possible sociocultural threats associated with them

Sociological research and collaboration in South Africa: Past and present

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-586
Author(s):  
Radhamany Sooryamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
International Partnerships ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
Characteristic Features

Sociological research in South Africa presents characteristic features in line with its historical and political phases. This article maps the production of sociological research in South Africa during the apartheid and democratic periods. The data used in the article were drawn from the publication records of South African scholars stored in the database of the Web of Science (WoS). A total of 2342 publications representing the period 1970–2015 was sampled for this scientometric analysis. Employing appropriate statistical tests, the article examines the role of collaboration in the production of sociological knowledge in South Africa, and the relationships that exist among collaboration, international partnerships, subject areas and citations. The analysis shows that South African sociological research has distinctive characteristics that represent the two periods of study. It has benefitted from collaboration, both domestic and international. Collaboration continues to grow in specific subject fields of sociological research in South Africa, and has importance in the visibility of sociological research in the country.

scholarly journals The british-american direction in the strategy of the Third International in 1941-1943 (on the materials of the «diary» of Georgi Dimitrov)

2019 ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Ihor Rymar
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
State Archive ◽  
The Third ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Soviet Foreign Policy ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Resistance Movement ◽  
National Governments

On the basis of diary entries of the Secretary General of the Third International G. Dimitrov, documents of the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History, and documents of Soviet foreign policy, the author analyzes the characteristic features of the discursive model of the strategy and tactics of the Third International in 1941-1943, especially its activities in the field of propaganda regarding the Communist Party of the USA and the Communist Party of Great Britain during the first period of the German-Soviet war of 1941-1945 and in the process of the formation of the Anti-Hitler coalition. The role of the CPUSA and CPGB in the process of consolidating democratic forces in the struggle against Germany and its allies, the features of their activities in the framework of the discursive model of the Third International of 1941-1943, are characterized. The place and significance of the CPUSA and CPGB in the context of the Comintern’s strategy of providing comprehensive assistance to the USSR in the war with Germany, the deployment of the partisan movement and the Resistance movement in occupied countries, and the establishment of relations with the governments of F. Roosevelt and W. Churchill for a quick end to the war. In the course of the study, the main areas of activity of the American and British Communist Parties, the preservation of distance in cooperation with national governments and especially the intelligence and counterintelligence bodies of the Allies during 1941-1943, were established. A separate place in G. Dimitrov’s recordings is occupied by the problem of opening a second front in Europe in 1942 and propaganda issues related, first of all, to the signing of the British-Soviet and American-Soviet agreements, the problems of their coverage in newspapers and on the radio.

New Responses to the Legitimacy Crisis of International Institutions: The Role of ‘Civil Society’ and the Rise of the Principle of Participation of ‘The Most Affected’ in International Institutional Law

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen von Bernstorff
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
International Law ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Civil Society Participation ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Legitimacy Crisis

Abstract The article offers a description and assessment of the most important discursive strategies used to enhance and justify various models of ‘civil-society participation’ in international institutions since the late 19th century. It starts from the assumption that the two main rationales for, or concepts of, ‘civil-society’ participation are functionalism and democratization. The article also notes that, as an offshoot of the democratization rationale, a new empirical and discursive 21st-century trend has partially replaced classic non-governmental organizations (NGOs) with so-called ‘affected person’s organizations’ in international institutions. In this context, the article claims that the field of international institutional law is currently witnessing the rise of a principle of participation of ‘the most affected’. This shift arguably is an institutional strategy to respond to a profound legitimacy crisis of both international NGOs and the so-called ‘global governance’ structures shaped over the last 30 years. Against the backdrop of various theoretical approaches to the problem of representation and affectedness in political philosophy and international law, the article critically assesses if, and to what extent, the involvement of ‘the most affected’ in international organizations can alter the legitimacy resources of international law and its institutions.

scholarly journals Konstantin Kavelin and the Struggle for Emancipation: A Case Study of the Westerners’ Role in the Foundation of Civil Society in Imperial Russia

2010 ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Curtis Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Public ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Political Activist ◽  
The Government ◽  
Preparatory Work

This essay explores the emergence of civil society in Imperial Russia in the 1840s and 1850s through an analysis of the role of the public in the preparation for the emancipation of the serfs before the government made the commitment to manumit the serfs. To do so, the essay considers the role of the Westerners, specifically one of the leading Westerners, the legal historian Konstantin Kavelin, from archetypical abstract thinker into political activist within the circumscribed parameters of autocracy in Imperial Russia. Kavelin and his allies, both within and without the bureaucracy, developed reform programs in the harsh years in Russia from 1848 until 1855 in the hope that a time more propitious for reform would come thereby enabling them to act in concert with the government. The Westerners played a vital role in providing the necessary intellectual underpinnings for the Great Reforms, in disseminating these ideas to the public, and in working closely with reformist bureaucrats in their specific preparations. Kavelin‘s efforts, primarily his proposed drafts and contacts, proved pivotal in facilitating the emancipation preparations that led to the legislation and implementation of the reform. This preparatory work of the late 1840s and 1850s bore fruit when the Russian state emancipated the serfs in 1861. The aspirations for a partnership with the government however failed to materialize.

scholarly journals Place and role of legal doctrine in the system of forms (sources) of law: general-theoretical aspect

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
K. A. Orlov
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Source Form

The article deals with the problem of legal nature of the legal doctrine as a source (form) of law. The article substantiates the idea that the legal doctrine has a twofold meaning, since it has an independent meaning in the system of forms of law of various legal systems, as well as is fully a source of law that forms the foundation, methodological basis for the creation, interpretation and application of legal norms in other legal systems, in particular the Russian state. The author draws attention to the characteristic features inherent in the legal doctrine, analyzes its role in various legal systems, where it acts as a form of law. The author compares the positions of various points of view of Russian scientists on the legal nature of legal doctrine as a form of law. The author identifies and describes the characteristic features of legal doctrine as a source of law in the activity of the mechanism of the Russian state in the sphere of legislative and executive implementation.

scholarly journals Yaroslavl and Yaroslavl land in Latin-language sources of the 15th – 16th centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Gennadiy N. Kocheshkov ◽  
Pyotr G. Agrafonov
Keyword(s):  
Main Tool ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Population Characteristic ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Latin Language ◽  
Administrative Division ◽  
History Of ◽  
Characteristic Features

The topic of this article is European Latin-language sources of the 15th – 16th centuries, having their subject distinctive features of Yaroslavl land as well as the events that took place here. During this period Latin played the role of the main tool for the exchange of international information and it was the written language of the scientific community. Therefore, most of the works of foreign travellers of the 15th – 16th centuries including the materials about the Russian state is written in the classical Latin. Some of these works are texts devoted to Yaroslavl land. Information provided in these works make up a significant complex on the history of Yaroslavl land describing various aspects of its life. Depending on the nature of literary activity, interests, goals and methods of receiving information European authors covered topics related to natural and geographical features of the land, they described the economy, trade and other occupation of the population, characteristic features of cities or everyday life of Yaroslavl residents. But most of all foreign authors are naturally interested in the following questions of the history of these territories, their state-political organisation, administrative division, management principles and the religious sphere. Due to the limited Russian sources of the history of Yaroslavl land of this time, the testimonies of foreign authors become particularly significant. The richness of information often makes them extremely valuable.

Budget as an Instrument of Reproduction of Bureaucracy in Russia

2006 ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Yu. Shvetsov
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Characteristic Features

The article considers the problem of bureaucratisation of the state and the most important social and economic consequences of this phenomenon. The essence of bureaucracy has been revealed, characteristic features of its functioning in Russia have been analyzed; the material base of bureaucracy and its dominating status in the society have been substantiated. The conclusion has been made that the process of changing the role of the budget to serve the interests of bureaucracy is being accomplished.

The Role of Muslim Women in Civil Society In Promoting Values and Principles for Building Peace: Action Guide from The Qur’ān

Sains Insani ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Che Amnah Bahari ◽  
Fatimah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Pluralistic Society ◽  
Women And Children

The whole world, the Muslim in particular has witnessed conflicts in different areas, which have hindered the developmental efforts of the nations concerned. It should be learned that most victims of these conflicts are women and children. This article attempts to elaborate the role of Muslims Women as a crucial segment in civil society in initiating peace building through nurturing process. It maintains that the adoption of the principles and values derived from the Qur’ān and Sunnah of the Prophet is necessary as a process of lifelong learning.  Those identified values constituted the framework of this article and it adopts the textual analysis method.   This article concludes that through the implementation of those values and frameworks for peace building, women as one of the important segments of civil society are able to play significant role towards initiating peace building and promoting peaceful co-existence in pluralistic society. Abstrak: Dunia Islam khususnya telah menyaksikan konflik di pelbagai daerah yang berbeza. Konflik ini telah menghalang usaha kearah pembangunan Kawasan yang berkenaan. Kebanyakan mangsa konflik ini adalah wanita dan kanak-kanak. Artikel ini cuba untuk menghuraikan peranan wanita Islam sebagai segmen penting dalam masyarakat madani dalam membangun proses kedamaian dengan mendidik dan memupuk prinsip dan nilai murni janaan al-Qur’an. Penggunaan prinsip dan nilai yang dikutip dari ayat-ayat Qur'an dan hadis Rasulullah adalah keperluan yang mendesak sebagai wadah bagi proses pembelajaran sepanjang hayat. Nilai-nilai yang dikenal pasti merupakan rangka kerja artikel ini, dan metod yang dirujuk adalah analisis teks. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahawa melalui pelaksanaan nilai-nilai dan kerangka kerja Islam bagi proses kedamaian, wanita Islam dalam masyarakat madani mampu memainkan peranan penting dalam memulakan pembinaan keamanan dan menggalakkan kehidupan yang harmonis, sejahtera dan saling bantu membantu dalam masyarakat majmuk.

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