scholarly journals Geologi Situs Benteng Saksi Dan Kuripan Saka, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan

PANALUNGTIK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyul Falah ◽  
Prasetyaningsih ◽  
Nanang Saptono ◽  
Endang Widyastuti ◽  
Rusyanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Morphological Unit ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
Map Data ◽  
Rock Lithology

The sites of Benteng Saksi and Kuripan Saka are the center of settlement or the capital of Keratuan Darah Putih. The research was conducted in Kuripan Village, Penengahan District, South Lampung Regency. The research objective was to determine the factors causing the sites of Benteng Saksi and Kuripan Saka suitable for settlements. The method used is a field survey and interpretation of geological map data. The results of field observations and mapping showed that the areas of the sites of Benteng Saksi and Kuripan Saka were included in the morphological unit of undulating plains with an average height of 50 m above sea level consisting of tertiary-quaternary and alluvial volcanoclastic deposits. The rock lithology found was Breccia Rocks from the eruption of Rajabasa Volcano and Tufan Sandstones. Based on the analysis of basic physical aspects of the area such as the physical characteristics of the rocks, morphological conditions, availability of water sources, and disaster factors in the area of Benteng Saksi and Kuripan Saka sites, it does not indicate any problems in terms of the basic physical aspects of the area.

scholarly journals Stratigraphic and Tectonic Setting of the Liguride Units Cropping Out along the Southeastern Side of the Agri Valley (Southern Apennines, Italy)

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Giacomo Prosser ◽  
Giuseppe Palladino ◽  
Dario Avagliano ◽  
Francesco Coraggio ◽  
Eleonora Maria Bolla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Fold Belt ◽  
Southern Apennines ◽  
Tectonic Structures ◽  
Subsurface Geology ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
Geological Map

This paper shows the main results of a multidisciplinary study performed along the southeastern sector of the Agri Valley in Basilicata (Southern Italy), where Cenozoic units, crucial for constraining the progressive evolution of the Southern Apennine thrust and fold belt and, more in general, the geodynamic evolution of the Mediterranean area are widely exposed. In particular, we aimed at understanding the stratigraphic and tectonic setting of deep-sea, thrust-top Cenozoic units exposed immediately to north of Montemurro, between Costa Molina and Monte dell’Agresto. In the previous works different units, showing similar sedimentological characteristics but uncertain age attribution, have been reported in the study area. In our study, we focussed on the Albidona Formation, pertaining to the Liguride realm, which shows most significant uncertainties regarding the age and the stratigraphic setting. The study was based on a detailed field survey which led to a new geological map of the area. This was supported by new stratigraphic, biostratigraphic and structural analyses. Biostratigraphic analysis provided an age not older than the upper Ypresian and not younger than the early Priabonian. Recognition of marker stratigraphic horizons strongly helped in the understanding of the stratigraphy of the area. The study allowed a complete revision of the stratigraphy of the outcropping Cenozoic units, the recognition of until now unknown tectonic structures and the correlation between surface and subsurface geology.

Thermal Contraction, Land Bridges, and Geosynclines

1935 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Thermal Contraction ◽  
Geological History ◽  
The Earth

Consideration of the continental areas over which the sea spread at various times during the course of geological history leads to the impression that perhaps every part of the land surface of the earth was, at one time or another, raised from a position below sea-level. The present land surface seems to have grown around ancient nuclei owing to the compression of the granitic, sedimentary, and other rocks of which the continental layers are composed. At certain times the compressive forces acted so strongly upon these rocks that the average height of the land reached maximum values, which might have been as great as 3,000 feet. Then denudation, and perhaps other processes, coming into operation and persisting through ages of comparative quiescence, lowered the surface, sometimes to minimum average levels, which might have been as low as 500 feet. There have been a few comparatively short periods of exceptionally high relief, separated by longer periods of low relief. Assuming that the land was raised by horizontal compression, the diminution in surface area of the earth necessary to produce a change in level of 2,500 feet would be very considerable. Instead of considering the change from a minimum average height of 500 feet to a maximum of 3,000 feet, it may be more convenient in the first place to consider the elevation of, say, the continental layers of Dr. H. Jeffreys from sea-level to the average height of the present land surface, that is about 2,500 feet, or 762 metres. It will be supposed, then, that the continental layers, as they now exist, were developed from layers consisting of 1 km. of sediments of specific gravity 2·4, 10 km. of granite of specific gravity 2·6, and 20 km. of tachylyte of specific gravity 2·9, the whole resting on dunite of specific gravity 3·3.

scholarly journals Mapping and historical reconstruction of the great Mexican 22 June 1932 tsunami

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1337-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Corona ◽  
M. T. Ramírez-Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Instrumental Data ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
The Town

Abstract. At 07:00 h (UTC-6) on 22 June 1932, a Ms = 6.9 earthquake shocked the coasts of Colima and Jalisco. Five minutes later a tsunami arrived at the coast. It almost completely destroyed the town of Cuyutlán, Colima, causing the deaths of 50 people and leaving about 1200 injured. In this study, newspaper reports and technical reports are reviewed, as well as survivors' testimonials. The physical characteristics (mean sea level at the time, time of arrival, sea retreat, and inundation distribution) and the tsunami effects (number of victims, injuries, affected buildings) have been reconstructed and mapped. The interpretation of historical data allowed us to determine the intensity of the tsunami and to reveal the tsunamigenic source. This study emphasizes the relevance of historical analysis, including survivor's testimonies, in the reconstruction of tsunamis that lack instrumental data. The results of this study are relevant to paleotsunami studies and tsunami related hazard planning.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK FISIK dan PRODUKSI KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) pada TIGA AGROEKOLOGI LAHAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Nasamsir Nasamsir ◽  
Mei Indrayadi
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Land Suitability ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis Jacq

AbstractThis research aims to know the physical characteristics and the palm oil production on a variety of land suitability. Randomized block design by survey method was used in this research that had been carried out in society’s enterprise. The research object was the palm oil crop cultivated in the lowlands (0-100 m above sea level), moderate land (100-500 m above sea level), and the highland (>500 m above sea level). The plant wich is taken as a sample is a plant which was 10 years old (already production). The villages in the survey, set in accordance with the height. The observed variables in this study i.e.; the circumference of the trunk, tall trunk, leaf stem length, color and thickness of the leaf, heavy of fresh fruit bunches, the age of starting production, production and productivity. Other observed data is temperature and soil acidity. To see the difference between production and productivity of palm oil on three ecology types of land, observed data were analyzed using analisys of varians that followed by Duncan test (α = 5%). The land suitability has significant on physical characteristics and palm oil production. Palm oil production in moderate land was significantly higher than those in both the high and lowland. Keywords; crop production, physical characteristics, land suitability, palm oil. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisik dan produksi kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) pada berbagai agroekologi lahan. Percobaan dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), dilakukan di kebun rakyat dengan metode survey. Objek yang diteliti adalah tanaman kelapa Sawit yang dibudidayakan di dataran rendah (0-100 m dpl), dataran sedang (100-500 m dpl_, dan dataran tinggi (>500 m dpl). Tanaman yang diambil sebagai sampel adalah tanaman yang berumur 10 tahun (telah berproduksi). Desa-desa yang di survey, ditetapkan sesuai dengan ketinggian tempat. Peubah yang diamati dalam penelitian ini yaitu ; lingkar batang, tinggi batang, panjang pelepah, warna dan ketebalan daun, berat tandan buah segar, umur mulai berproduksi, produksi dan produktivitas, serta tindakan agronomi. Data lain yang diamati adalah suhu dan kemasaman tanah. Untuk melihat perbedaan produksi dan produktivitas kelapa sawit pada tiga jenis agroekologi lahan, data hasil pengamatan lapangan dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan dengan α 5%. Agroekologi lahan berpengaruh nyata terhadap karakteristik fisik dan produksi kelapa sawit. Produksi tanaman kelapa sawit di daerah dataran sedang lebih tinggi dan berbeda nyata dengan produksi tanaman kelapa sawit daerah dataran tinggi dan daerah dataran rendah. Kata Kunci ; produksi tanaman, karakteristik fisik, kesesuaian lahan, kelapa sawit

The geochemical stratigraphy, field relations and temporal variation of the Mull–Morvern Tertiary lava succession, NW Scotland

1995 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Craig Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Lava Flows ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Continuous Section ◽  
Flow Units ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Basaltic Lavas

AbstractThe early Tertiary Mull-Morvern lava succession, NW Scotland, represents the thickest continuous section (1000 m from sea level to the top of Ben More) of Tertiary lavas exposed in the UK. This succession has been sampled and geochemically analysed, on a flow-by-flow basis, throughout the lava succession. Field observations during the course of this sampling suggest that the early lava flows (the Staffa Magma sub-Type) ponded in palaeovalleys along with interlava sediments. In the main part of the Mull lava succession (the Mull Plateau Group) the lava flows are on average ∼ 5 m thick. Most previous Hebridean workers have assumed that the red horizons commonly found between these later lava flows, represent weathered flow tops. However, this study has shown that in some places these red ‘boles’ appear to be a combination of both volcanic ash and weathered basalt.Chemically distinctive units of flows have been found throughout the succession. The two most abundant magma sub-types of the Mull Plateau Group, primitive (>9wt% MgO) basalts with Ba/Nb» 15 and more evolved (<9wt% MgO) basalts-hawaiites with Ba/Nb<15, form packets of flow units which can be up to 200 m thick. These chemically distinctive flow units have been correlated across the lava succession. However, the correlation of individual lava flows has proved difficult. The Mull Plateau Group lavas generally become more evolved and less contaminated with continental crust towards the top of the succession, culminating in the trachytes of the Pale Group on Ben More. Basaltic lavas above the Pale Group have markedly different trace element ratios, and seem to represent shallower, more extensive asthenospheric melting than the Mull Plateau Group.

scholarly journals Methods of calculating landslide volume using remote sensing data

2020 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 02009
Author(s):  
Maira Razakova ◽  
Alexandr Kuzmin ◽  
Igor Fedorov ◽  
Rustam Yergaliev ◽  
Zharas Ainakulov
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Quantitative Estimates ◽  
Landslide Volume ◽  
Engineering Protection

The paper considers the issues of calculating the volume of the landslide from remote sensing data. The main methods of obtaining information during research are field observations. The most important results of field studies are quantitative estimates, such as the volume of the embankment resulting from a landslide, morphometric indicators, etc. The study of a remote and remote object was carried out by remote methods using aerial photographs in the Ile Alatau foothills at 1,600 meters above sea level. The obtained materials from the mudflow survey will be useful in developing solutions to mitigate the effects of disasters and in the design of measures for engineering protection from landslides.

The arrival of the paleo–Orinoco Delta at Trinidad: The Cruse Formation delta lobes and delivery to deepwater Atlantic

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 938-968
Author(s):  
Ariana Osman ◽  
Ronald J. Steel ◽  
Ryan Ramsook ◽  
Cornel Olariu ◽  
Si Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Shelf Edge ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Orinoco Delta ◽  
Basin Floor ◽  
Shelf Margin ◽  
High Sediment

ABSTRACT Icehouse continental-shelf-margin accretion is typically driven by high-sediment-supply deltas and repeated glacio-eustatic, climate-driven sea-level changes on a ca. 100 ky time scale. The paleo–Orinoco margin is no exception to this, as the paleo–Orinoco River Delta with its high sediment load prograded across Venezuela, then into the Southern and Columbus basins of Trinidad since the late Miocene, depositing a continental-margin sedimentary prism that is &gt; 12 km thick, 200 km wide, and 500 km along dip. The Cruse Formation (&gt; 800 m thick; 3 My duration) records the first arrival of the paleo–Orinoco Delta into the Trinidad area. It then accreted eastwards, outwards onto the Atlantic margin, by shallow to deepwater clinoform increments since the late Miocene and is capped by a major, thick flooding interval (the Lower Forest Clay). Previous research has provided an understanding of the paleo–Orinoco Delta depositional system at seismic and outcrop scales, but a clinoform framework detailing proximal to distal reaches through the main fairway of the Southern Basin has never been built. We integrate data from 58 wells and outcrop observations to present a 3-D illustration of 15 mapped Cruse clinoforms, in order to understand the changing character of the first Orinoco clastic wedge on Trinidad. The clinoforms have an undecompacted average height of 550 m, estimated continental slope of 2.5° tapering to 1°, and a distance from shelf edge to near-base of slope of &gt; 10 km. The clinoform framework shows trajectory changes from strong shelf-margin progradation (C10–C13) to aggradation (C14–C20) and to renewed progradation (C21–24). Cruse margin progradational phases illustrate oblique clinothem geometries that lack well-developed topsets but contain up to 70 m (200 ft) thick, deepwater slope channels. This suggests a high supply of sediment during periods of repeated icehouse rise and fall of eustatic sea level, with fall outpacing subsidence rates at times, and delivery of sand to the deepwater region of the embryonic Columbus channel region. Also, evidence of wholesale shelf-edge collapse and canyon features seen in outcrop strongly suggest that deepwater conduits for sediment dispersal and bypass surfaces for Cruse basin-floor fans do exist. The change to a topset aggradational pattern with a rising shelf trajectory may be linked to increased subsidence associated with eastward migration of the Caribbean plate. The Cruse-margin topsets were dominated by mixed fluvial–wave delta lobes that were effective in delivery of sands to the basin floor. The preservation of a fluvial regime of the delta may have been impacted by basin geometry which partly sheltered the area from the open Atlantic wave energy at the shelf edge. Ultimately, understanding shelf-edge migration style as well as process-regime changes during cross-shelf transits of the delta will help to predict the location of bypassed sands and their delivery to deepwater areas.

The Excavation of the Long Mortuary Enclosure on Normanton Down, Wilts

1961 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 160-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith De Mallet Vatcher
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Southern Slope

The Long Mortuary Enclosure on Normanton Down was excavated by the writer on behalf of the Ministry of Works throughout October, 1959. Originally a rectangular-ditched enclosure with internal banks, the banks had been completely ploughed out and the surface indications were so slight as to be visible only at certain times.The National Grid reference is SU 115411. The Enclosure is situated on the Upper Chalk of the Salisbury Plain on a gradual southern slope, at an average height of 320 feet above sea level.

Aisled Houses in the Halifax Area

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Atkinson ◽  
R. W. McDowall
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Small Segment

The houses with which this paper is concerned belong to the small segment of the eastern slopes of the Pennines known as the ‘Ancient Parish of Halifax’. It is not known when the ‘Ancient Parish’ was formed but the first recorded vicar of Halifax was inducted in 1274 and in that same year the Wakefield Manor Courts ceased to meet in Sowerby Town and made Halifax their centre.The Ancient Parish covers ten miles of the valley of the river Calder and its tributaries, Halifax itself lying on the Hebble. The area is bleak; it lies, all except the extreme eastern part, on Millstone Grit and rises from a height of some 200 feet above sea level in the valley to an altitude of 1,400 feet. The old settlements mostly lie on the sloping hillsides at an average height of 700 feet.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document