scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence in Tourism & Hospitality – The Perception of Tourists and Tourism Companies in Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-60
Author(s):  
Mihaela-Filofteia Tutunea ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
The One ◽  
Secondary Information

In a world where everyday life is directly influenced and focused on the use of technology as a support for individual and professional daily activity, we are all witnessing an increasingly obvious change in human interaction; we all notice how interpersonal interaction is rapidly being replaced by new technologies, solutions and application such as IoT and AI and which are going to completely change the perspective on human life so far. From this perspective and in the conditions of the ongoing pandemic, the present study focused on identifying the changes brought by AI solutions and applications in some of the most flexible and adaptable industries such as tourism and hospitality; in order to obtain a more complete picture, the study was oriented in a double perspective, namely the offer from the tourism & hospitality industry, on the one hand and the tourists, on the other hand; regarding the offer from tourism and hospitality, the study used both primary and secondary information, to visualize an image of the existing AI solutions/applications and adopted by the companies in these industries; For the category of tourists, knowing the generational difference regarding the new technologies from the perspective of the level of acceptance and their use, the study aimed at identifying generational profiles regarding the acceptance and use of AI applications in the tourist experience. We consider that the results of the study can be an important support for conducting more complex and comparative studies, related to the use of new technologies that obviously change the development of human society. Keywords: AI (artificial intelligence), tourism, hospitality, generations JEL classification: L86, M15, L83

scholarly journals Redistribution and Rekognition

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Myers West
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Community ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
The People ◽  
Computer Scientists ◽  
Global Population

Computer scientists, and artificial intelligence researchers in particular, have a predisposition for adopting precise, fixed definitions to serve as classifiers (Agre, 1997; Broussard, 2018). But classification is an enactment of power; it orders human interaction in ways that produce advantage or suffering (Bowker & Star, 1999). In so doing, it obscures the messiness of human life, masking the work of the people involved in training machine learning systems, and hiding the uneven distribution of its impacts on communities (Taylor, 2018; Gray, 2019; Roberts, 2019). Feminist scholars, and particularly feminist scholars of color, have made powerful critiques of the ways in which artificial intelligence systems formalize, classify, and amplify historical forms of discrimination and act to reify and amplify existing forms of social inequality (Eubanks, 2017; Benjamin, 2019; Noble, 2018). In response, the machine learning community has begun to address claims of algorithmic bias under the rubric of fairness, accountability, and transparency. But in doing so, it has largely dealt with these issues in familiar terms, using statistical methods aimed at achieving parity and deploying fairness ‘toolkits’. Yet actually existing inequality is reflected and amplified in algorithmic systems in ways that exceed the capacity of statistical methods alone. This article outlines a feminist critique of extant methods of dealing with algorithmic discrimination. I outline the ways in which gender discrimination and erasure are built into the field of AI at a foundational level; the product of a community that largely represents a small, privileged, and male segment of the global population (Author, 2019). In so doing, I illustrate how a situated mode of inquiry enables us to more closely examine a feedback loop between discriminatory workplaces and discriminatory systems.

scholarly journals Juridical Activities in the Digital Age: A Concept, Content, Forms

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
A. V. Kornev
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

The paper examines activity as the most important component of human life. The author elucidates the features of activity from the standpoint of various fields of knowledge: philosophy, psychology, sociology. The preference is given to the activity approach, which is based on the category of “substantive activity.” It is substantive in nature and does not simply define the activity as human interaction with the outside world, but reflects the changes that constitute the result of human activity. Various aspects of theoretical and practical activity are touched upon on the example of legal activity, which is of a complex intellectual nature. Legal activity is often characterized through legal practice — one of the varieties of social practices. Some similarities of these categories are reflected, as well as differences between them. The paper gives the author’s definition of legal activity focused on professional legal activity. The definition cannot claim to be universal due to various types of professional legal activity. Nevertheless, it is specified that professional legal activity is always an activity carried out on the basis of law, in legal forms; it is aimed at achieving the goals determined by law. The author demonstrates the impact of digital technologies on various types of legal activities. Especially in the conditions of the pandemic when traditional forms of communication have given way to virtual ones. It is noted that this influence is of a dual nature, that is, on the one hand, it increases the efficiency of communications, and, on the other hand, it leads to some risks and problems, in particular, against the background of the fact that a significant part of our population still does not have access to modern information and communication systems.

NEW TECHNOLOGIES OF EDUCATION ON THE BASIS OF SMALL ANTHROPOMORPHIC ROBOT ROMA

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
R. T. Sirazetdinov ◽  
A. Yu. Fadeev ◽  
R. E. Hisamutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
3D Modeling ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Small Robot

The article describes the use of the anthropomorphic robot ROMA in the educational process. The trends and the main threats associated with the avalanche-like development of robotics and total robotization of society, and the tasks that the teachers face are considered. A small robot ROMA developed at the Kazan Federal University is presented, and its characteristics are described. A comparison is made with the characteristics of foreign analogues, whence it is clear that the presented robot occupies a worthy place in its niche. Various variants for using the ROMA robot in the educational process — from primary school classes to senior university students, are considered. There are educational disciplines and specific topics on which the use of the robot can give a significant impetus to understanding and mastering the subject. On the one hand, this is connected with the students’ interest in the robot as such, and on the other hand, the robot allows to physically demonstrate certain abstract concepts, the effect of algorithm execution, etc. The robot can be used at school for technology lessons. It may be indispensable when studying programming at various levels, 3D modeling, the theory of automatic control, elements of artificial intelligence, pattern recognition, and in a number of other courses. Currently, the process of developing methodological support for various disciplines is underway.

scholarly journals Cybersecurity Politics – Conceptualization of the Idea

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Marek Górka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The State ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The One ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Political Economic

The cybersecurity issue discussed in the paper is seen from the perspective of political science with the indication that the subject under discussion concerns the multifaceted nature of the state’s actions, which consists of political, economic, social, and cultural factors. At the same time, the work also intends to prove that cybersecurity is not only a domain of technology because it is the mentioned aspects that shape the conditions of stable development of the state and its citizens in a space dominated by cyber technology in a much more decisive way. Given the growing role of cybertechnology in almost all areas of human life, its importance also forces and inspires political science to question the shape and model of modern policy, which is significantly evolving under the influence of new technologies. On the one hand, emerging cyber threats reveal the weakness of the state and the dependence of state institutions on cybertechnologies, but on the other hand, existing cyber incidents may also motivate many governments to take action to increase the level of cybersecurity.

Dystopic Pleasure

2021 ◽  
pp. 234-258
Author(s):  
Deniz Yaman
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Space Theory ◽  
Production Of Space ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technology ◽  
The One ◽  
Near Future

In the 1980s and 1990s, there were indispensable elements for the science fiction movies: cyborgs. This half-biologic and half-machine species had fully developed intelligence. And there was such a future fiction that appeared in these films that, on the one hand, raised admiration for the technologies that have not yet emerged, and on the other hand raised serious future concerns. The purpose of this study is to discuss the interaction of fear, artificial intelligence, and humans. And it is also aimed to research the way of representation of this interaction via aestheticization. Because of this, The Lawnmower (1992) has been chosen and analyized within the context of Production of Space Theory by Lefebvre. The Lawnmower has an importance about the imagining of dystopic and aesthetic way artificial intelligence technology would affect human life in the near future.

Intercorporeality

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Multimodal Interaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Living Body ◽  
Theoretical Conception ◽  
Multidisciplinary Perspective ◽  
The One ◽  
Advanced Interaction

Drawing on Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s concept of “intercorporeality,” this book offers a new multidisciplinary perspective on human interaction. Intercorporeality is presented as an alternative to conceptions of the body that increasingly obstruct productive dialogue and collaboration between the disciplines. Examples of such conceptions include notions of the body as a container of psychic phenomena, a medium of outward expression, or a vehicle of social processes. Instead, this book conceives of the living body in terms of its interaction with other bodies and its openness to and engagement with the material and cultural world. Intercorporeality synthesizes converging approaches to embodiment into a new empirically saturated theoretical conception that will serve as an integrated framework for future research on “multimodal” interaction in the context of complex, material contexts of human life and action. Bringing together theory and empirical research from a variety of disciplines, the contributions to Intercorporeality share a foundation in phenomenology, pragmatism, and philosophical anthropology, on the one hand, and advanced interaction research, on the other.

Power politics and religious faith: the fifth Martin Wight Memorial Lecture

1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. MacKinnon
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
Diplomatic History ◽  
Memorial Lecture ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Power Politics ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Important Sense ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

In choosing a subject for this lecture, my mind turned to two books: both published during the war years, the first in 1941, Aldous Huxley's Grey Eminencel: the second at its very end, Arthur Koestler's The Yogi and the Commissar The titles of both have been incorporated into the language. The former was not its author's invention; but his use of it as the title of his study of Father Joseph won it a near universality of currency. So Lindemann is still spoken of as Churchill's scientific éminence grise. But the title of Koestler's essay, though less heard to-day, advertises dramatically a very important bifurcation of approach to the problems of human life and society, the one typified by the devotee in his ashram, the other by the commissar, the dedicated ‘social surgeon’ serving the cause of the total transformation of a given human society in the light of the directives of the party to which he belongs. But of course there is an important sense in which in Father Joseph, the subject of Huxley's book (which was incidentally a very well researched piece of work), the two life-styles are to a considerable extent conjoined. Father Joseph is at one and the same time the devoted fanatical Capuchin, the father-founder of the Calvarian order of nuns and the skilled, ruthless agent of Richelieu's purposes. He was no yogi, still less a commissar, but a man whose spiritual teachings rate an admittedly short and critical reference in Bremond's famous history of 17th century French spirituality, and one who played an unquestionably important part in the diplomatic history of a period, wherein diplomacy might well be characterized as war carried on by other means.

scholarly journals Instead of People Using Technology, Technology Is Using People

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Douglas Rushkoff
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

Abstract The progress of artificial intelligence and new technologies triggers hot debates about the future of human life. While fans of the singularity say that artificial intelligence will become smarter than human beings and should take over the world, for others, such a vision is a sheer nightmare. Douglas Rushkoff is clearly part of the second group and takes a passionate pro-human stance. He explains why giving too much way to technologies is a mistake and why humans deserve a place in the digital future. Already today, technologies have a much stronger impact on our lives than most of us would believe. For him, being human is a team sport, and he asks for a more conscious use of technologies while keeping rapport with other people. To safeguard the humanness in a tech world, he advises to carefully select the values we embed in our algorithms. Rather than serving perpetual growth, technologies ought to help people reconnect with each other and their physical surroundings.

scholarly journals Wpływ sztucznej inteligencji na pracę biur rachunkowych

2021 ◽  
pp. 266-282
Author(s):  
Anna Semrau
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
The Public ◽  
Digital Network ◽  
Careful Management

The article is theoretical and methodological. It describes the concept of artificial intelligence. It has been outlined how over the years AI is slowly replacing human work. Artificial intelligence is new technologies that appear in every area of human life. You don’t have to look far for examples, digital network operator, smart air conditioning, online shopping, connected vacuum cleaners, robots used in factories. The aim of the work is to show how dangerous artificial intelligence can be for humans. It may lead to the fact that in a few or a dozen years or so some professions will disappear. Where human work is a repetitive activity, it will be replaced by a machine. Technological development has transformed the typewriter into a computer, we already have ma- chines that can learn. It would be necessary to ask what will happen in a dozen or so years, how far will this avalanche of technological progress go. New technologies require careful management. The paper describes how new technologies affect the work of accounting offices. It has been indicated which accounting activities can be completely taken over by the machines. Several hypotheses are presented in the paper. The first is the recognition that data entry into accounting systems will be automated and taken over by new technologies. The second thesis assumes that the profession of accountant will change, it will change but will not disappear. Another one assumes that new technologies in the public law circulation will create the basis for calculating taxes by the tax administration.

Acceptance of the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Among Japan’s Doctors and the Public: Questionnaire Survey (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honoka Tamori ◽  
Hiroko Yamashina ◽  
Masami Mukai ◽  
Yasuhiro Morii ◽  
Teppei Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Medical Industry ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
The Public ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test ◽  
The Government

BACKGROUND The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the medical industry promises many benefits so AI has been introduced to medicine primarily in developed countries. In Japan, the government is preparing for the rollout of AI in the medical industry. This rollout depends on doctors and the public accepting the technology. It is therefore necessary to consider acceptance among doctors and among the public. However, little is known about the acceptance of AI in medicine. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to obtain detailed data on acceptance of AI in medicine by comparing the acceptance among Japanese doctors with that among the Japanese public. METHODS We conducted an online survey, and the responses of doctors and members of the public were compared. A questionnaire was prepared referred to the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, a model of behavior toward new technologies. It comprises 20 items, and each item was rated on a five-point scale. Using this questionnaire, we conducted an online survey in 2018 among 399 doctors and 600 members of the public. The sample-wide responses were analyzed, and then the responses of the doctors were compared with those of the public using a Wilcoxon rank sum test. RESULTS Regarding the sample-wide responses (N=999), 653 (65.4%) of the respondents believed that AI would be necessary in medicine in the future, whereas only 447 (44.7%) expressed an intention to use AI-driven medicine. Additionally, 730 (73.1%) believed that regulatory legislation was necessary, and 734 (73.5%) were concerned about where accountability lies. Regarding the comparison between doctors and the public, doctors (median; 4, mean; 3.43) were more likely than members of the public(median; 3, mean; 3.23) to express intention to use AI-driven medicine (P<.001), suggesting that optimism about AI in medicine is greater among doctors compared with the public. CONCLUSIONS Many of the respondents were optimistic with the role of AI in medicine. However, when asked whether they would like to use AI-driven medicine, they tended to give a negative response. This trend suggests that concerns about the lack of regulation and about accountability hindered acceptance. Additionally, the results revealed that doctors were more enthusiastic than members of the public regarding AI-driven medicine.

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