scholarly journals Xylitol Production from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) Via Simultaneous Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Efri Mardawati ◽  
Nadya Maharani ◽  
Dwi Wahyudha Wira ◽  
Budi Mandra Harahap ◽  
Tri Yuliana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Debaryomyces Hansenii ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Xylitol Production ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Ssf Process ◽  
Specific Growth Rates

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) are the waste of palm oil processing and lignocellulosic biomass that can be used as raw material for xylitol production. In this research, bioconversion of xylitol using the Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) process in one reactor with a short time and could save the cost. Pretreatment requires to degrade the lignin compound with thermal pretreatment. Hydrolysis of OPEFB performs enzymatically by commercial xylanase enzyme that is Cellic Htec2 and continued with fermentation by yeast Debaryomyces hansenii. The research used experimental and descriptive analysis that covers of variation of OPEFB substrate concentration (7.5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) on specific growth rate (µ), the yield of xylitol and substrate utilization. The results showed that an increase of OPEFB substrate concentration affected by the increase of specific growth rates  (μ) are 0.091/h, 0.094/h, 0.095/h and 0.126/h. It also affected to the decreasing of xylitol yield on 42 hours fermentation are 0.201 g/g; 0.189 g/g; 0.170 g/g; and 0.104 g/g.

scholarly journals Production of Acetyl Cellulose from Agricultural Waste of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 2725-2728
Author(s):  
S.D. Yuwono ◽  
D.A. Iryani ◽  
C. Gusti ◽  
Suharto ◽  
Buhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches

In Indonesia especially in Lampung Province, there are a lot of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) as an organic material waste. OPEFB is relatively inexpensive lignocellulose material as raw material of cellulose acetate or acetyl cellulose. In a business to bigger added value out of these natural renewable materials, the production of the acetyl cellulose was performed well by the acetylation of cellulose from OPEFB using different methods. These were extensively characterized using thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results indicated that the acetyl cellulose resulted showed similar properties to cotton acetyl cellulose. Degree of substitution of the resultant acetyl cellulose from different methods was improved from 1.86 to 2.60.

scholarly journals CONDITION OPTIMIZATION PRODUCTION XYLANASE THERMOSTABLE BY Bacillus licheniformis TS10 USING SUBSTRATE OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayu Safitri ◽  
Muharni ◽  
Heni Yohandini Kusumawati
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Thermostable Xylanase ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Condition Optimization

Optimization conditions for thermostable xylanase production of Bacillus licheniformis TS10 by using substrate oil palm empty fruit bunches  has been conducted from November 2015 to January 2016 in the Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Sriwijaya, Indralaya. The aims of this study was to determine the potential of oil palm empty fruit bunches ( EFB ) as a substrate for the production of thermostable xylanase by Bacillus licheniformis TS10 and the optimum conditions of temperature, pH and substrate concentration in the fermentation process. The research method is to make the growth curve and the curve of Bacillus licheniformis TS10 enzyme production on EFB substrate. The number of bacterial cells was determined by using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer and total plate count (TPC) through a standard curve. Optimization performed at various pH (5, 6, 7, 8, 9), temperature (50 °C, 60 °C, 70 °C, 80 °C) and substrate (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%) , Test activity at each pH, temperature and substrate using methods DNS by measuring enzyme activity based on the reducing sugar released by the substrate by using dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS). Based on the results of this research showed that oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB ) has potential as a substrate for the production of thermostable xylanase by Bacillus licheniformis TS10, thermostable xylanase production of Bacillus licheniformis TS10 on the substrate EFB has an optimum condition at pH 6, 80 °C and the substrate concentration of 4%.

Biomass Pellets from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OP-EFB)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Rahman Farhan Aditya
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Binder Concentration

Oil Palm growths in Indonesia are getting higher every year. Oil palm plantationproduced various waste, including oil palm empty fruit bunches (OP-EFB). 95 % Indonesia energy demand still provided by the fossil fuel and only 5 % provided by renewable energy, which provide opportunity of OP-EFB biomass pellets to be utilized as alternative resource. The research of biomass still low, especially research of OP-EFB biomass pellets. Therefore, the research objectives were to determine the production process of OP-EFB and to define the most effective binder and binder ratio for the biomass pellets. This research experiments  consist of shredding, chopping, drying, grinding, and sieving as raw material pretreatment. Also, varying the binder and binder concentration of the mixture between raw materials was the part of this thesis research. The binders used in this thesis research are PVAC paste and tapioca based paste with 4 variations of concentration. The analyses of the biomass pellets characteristic are density,compressive strength, proximate analysis (moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon), calorific value, combustion rate, and gas chromatographic & mass spectroscopy (GCMS). The result shows that OP-EFB biomass pellets are qualified to be considered as biomass pellets. The most effective OP-EFB biomass pellets is biomass pellets with 10% tapioca binder concentration.

Empty fruit bunches from oil palm as a potential raw material for fuel ethanol production

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 1130-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Piarpuzán ◽  
Julián A. Quintero ◽  
Carlos A. Cardona
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Fuel Ethanol ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches

scholarly journals Xylose recovery from dilute-acid hydrolysis of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) empty fruit bunches for xylitol production

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (41) ◽  
pp. 1997-2008
Author(s):  
Manjarres-Pinzon Katherine ◽  
Arias-Zabala Mario ◽  
Correa-Londono Guillermo ◽  
Rodriguez-Sandoval Eduardo
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Xylitol Production ◽  
Dilute Acid ◽  
Dilute Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals Cellulose Nanocrystal (CNC) Capsules from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 2013-2021
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystal ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Gelatin Capsules ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Naoh Solution

The raw material used for this NCC production was oil palm empty bunches (OPEFB), currently waste from oil palm plantations. Delignification of OPEFB was carried out using 2 N NaOH solution at 70oC for 6 hours. NCC maximum yield from OPEFB is 62.1% (dry cellulose basis) obtained at a concentration of 54% sulfuric acid and a temperature of 50oC. The addition of plasticizers (glycerol and PEG) reduced the elastic modulus of NCC capsules from 7951.4 MPa to 4758 MPa (glycerol) and 3225 (PEG). The addition of glycerol and PEG did not affect the disintegration time of NCC capsules. NCC capsules have a release capability similar to the commercially available gelatin capsules. At 14 minutes, discharge reached about 43%, and it becomes constant after 18 minutes.

scholarly journals Profil pH dan Volatile Suspended Solids pada Proses Pengomposan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Pupuk Cair Organik Aktif sebagai co-Composting

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Bambang Trisakti ◽  
Irvan Pranatha Sijabat
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Organic Liquid ◽  
Optimum Moisture Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Processing Site

Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) from the palm oil processing industry is discharged to the final processing site without any use. OPEFB can be used as raw material for composting by adding active organic liquid fertilizer (ALOF). This study aims to determine the composter design of pH and volatile suspended solids (VSS) by varying the capacity of the composter so that good quality compost is produced. The composting process is done by cutting oil palm empty fruit bunches with a size of 1-3 cm then put into the composter with a capacity variations of 2, 5 and 10 kg and added active organic liquid fertilizer to reach the optimum moisture content (MC) value of 55-65%. The results of the analysis are compared with SNI 19-7030-2004. The parameters analyzed during composting are pH and VSS. The results of composting that meet the compost criteria based on SNI 19-7030-2004 are composter capacity of 5 kg, where the results obtained during composting are pH 7.5 and VSS 211.640 mg/L.

Biorefining of oil palm empty fruit bunches for bioethanol and xylitol production in Indonesia: A review

2022 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 111817
Author(s):  
Sri Suhartini ◽  
Novita Ainur Rohma ◽  
Efri Mardawati ◽  
Kasbawati ◽  
Nur Hidayat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Xylitol Production ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches

scholarly journals POTENSI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DAN ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes) SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PUPUK ORGANIK (Potential of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches and Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) As Raw Materials Organic Fertilizer)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
I Dewa Gede Putra Prabawa
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

Oil palm empty fruit bunches and water hyacinth have not been widely used, especially in South Kalimantan. These materials were known containing macro elements that are needed by plants. This research was conducted to study potential of oil palm empty fruit bunches and water hyacinth as raw material for organic fertilizer. The effect of ashing temperature variations (500°C; 750°C; 1000°C) on the macro nutrients content (N, P2O5, and K2O) have been studied. The result showed that the characterization of empty fruit bunches and water hyacinth have the highest P2O5 and K2O content, whereas the content of nitrogen was still lowest. The treatment of ashing temperature was effect on improve total content of N, P2O5 and K2O. The highest nitrogen contents in empty fruit bunches and water hyacinth obtained on ashing temperature 500oC. The highest P2O5 contents in empty fruit bunches obtained on ashing temperature 1000oC and water hyacinth obtained on ashing temperature 750oC. The highest K2O contents in empty fruit bunches obtained on ashing temperature 750oC and water hyacinth obtained on ashing temperature 500oC. Ash of oil palm empty fruit bunches and water hyacinth was potentially as a source of nutrients P2O5 and K2O for organic fertilizer, but less potential as a source of nitrogen.Keywords: oil palm empty fruit bunches, water hyacinth, raw material, organic fertilizer

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Palm-based Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose for Application in Food Additive

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 13053-13063
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Alkali Concentration ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Wide Range

In this study, α-Cellulose extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) was used as the raw material for producing different grade carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). For the conversion into carboxymethyl cellulose, the α-cellulose was subjected to an etherification process, using sodium hydroxide and monochloroacetic acid (MCAA), with isopropanol as a supportive medium. The calculated CMC yield from cellulose ranged from 115.43% to 149.35%. The results indicated that the concentration of NaOH did affect the properties of produced CMC. At higher concentrations of alkali, NaOH reacts with sodium monochloroacetate to form sodium glycolate, which leads to low purity of CMC produced. CMC's purity was increase with increasing the alkali concentration from 25 to 30% of NaOH and then decreased slightly. At a low concentration of 25 % of NaOH solutions, the DS value is higher, while the DS value decreases when the NaOH concentration increases to 35 %. The produced CMC was having a wide range of viscosity depend on temperature and CMC concentration. These optimization factors allowed CMC high purity, providing plenty of opportunities for its multi-application and could be exploited as food additives.

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