scholarly journals Prevalence of caries and DMF-T index with D1-D2 scale on students

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Setunggal Agung Nugroho Harahap ◽  
Sri Susilawati ◽  
Dede Sutardjo
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Health Habits ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: Many factors associated with poor health habits are initiated during adolescence. This is because as a teenager they have the feeling that they are unique and invulnerable that makes them think that the disease or disorder will not enter into their lives. Based on this, teenagers can have a bad habit for their oral health, thus increasing the level of caries in their mouths. The purpose of this study was to get data on the caries experience (DMF-T index) with D1-D2 scale on students. Method: This type of research is descriptive. The technique used in this sampling is simple random sampling, the sample is 266 students consisting of 109 men and 157 women. Prevalence rate of caries adjusted with 2004 Household Health Survey and DMFT category based on World Health Organization. Result: The results showed that the prevalence of caries in college students of Al-Ihsan Islamic boarding school is 90.6%. DMF-T index in college students of Al-Ihsan Islamic boarding school is 4.18. D1 scale that was found was 280 cases. D2 is the scale found 335 cases. and dental caries were found at 949 cases. Conclusion: Prevalence of caries and DMF-T index with D1-D2 scale on students are prevalence of dental caries is higher than prevalence in 2004 Household Health Survey. DMF-T index is  moderate, while the D1 scale found 280 cases and the D2 scale found 335 cases.

scholarly journals Individual- and Community-Level Risk Factors Associated with Childhood Diarrhea in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Analysis of 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Setegn Muche Fenta ◽  
Teshager Zerihun Nigussie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Community Level ◽  
World Health ◽  
Childhood Diarrhea ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Individual

Background. Diarrhea is the second cause of child deaths globally. According to World Health Organization reports, in each year, it kills more than 525,000 children under 5 years. More than half of these deaths occur in five countries including Ethiopia. This study is aimed at identifying both individual- and community-level risk factors of childhood diarrhea in Ethiopia. Methods. Ethiopian demography and health survey of 2016 data were used for the analysis. A total of 10,641 children aged 0–59 months were included in the analysis. A multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model was used to identify both individual- and community-level risk factors associated with childhood diarrhea. Result. The incidence of childhood diarrhea was 12% (95% CI: 11.39, 12.63). The random-effects model revealed that 67% of the variability of childhood diarrhea was explained by individual- and community-level factors. From the individual-level factors, children aged 36–59 months ( AOR = 3.166 ; 95% CI: 2.569, 3.900), twin child ( AOR = 1.871 ; 95% CI: 1.390, 2.527), birth order 5 and above ( AOR = 2.210 , 95% CI: 1.721, 2.839), not received any vaccination ( AOR = 1.197 ; 95% CI: 1.190, 1.527), smaller size of child at birth ( AOR = 1.303 ; 95% CI: 1.130, 1.504), and never breastfed children ( AOR = 2.91 ; 95% CI: 2.380, 3.567) associated with the higher incidence of childhood diarrhea. From the community-level factors, living in a rural area ( AOR = 1.505 ; 95% CI: 1.233, 1.836)), unprotected source of drinking water ( AOR = 1.289 ; 95% CI: 1.060, 1.567), and availability of unimproved latrine facilities (OR: 1.289; 95% CI: 1.239, 1.759) associated with the higher incidence of childhood diarrhea. Besides, children who live in Afar, Amhara, Benishangul-Gumuz, Gambella, SNNPR, and Dire Dawa regions had higher incidence of childhood diarrhea. Conclusion. The incidence of childhood diarrhea was different from cluster to cluster in Ethiopia. Therefore, integrated child health intervention programs including provisions of toilet facility, access to a clean source of drinking water, educate parents about the importance of breastfeeding, and vaccination have to be strongly implemented in order to reduce the high incidence of childhood diarrhea among children in Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Dental caries experience in Indians of the Upper Xingu, Brazil

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Denise Leal RIGONATTO ◽  
José Leopoldo Ferreira ANTUNES ◽  
Paulo FRAZÃO
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
World Health ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Care Index

The present study describes the experience of dental caries in Indians communities of the Xingu, in order to supply parameters for further analysis of trends of the disease in Indians. We performed oral health examination in 288 Indians from four communities (Yawalapiti, Aweti, Mehinaku and Kamaiura) living in the southern part of the Xingu National Park, using international criteria defined by the World Health Organization. The outcome measures were the DMFT and dmft scores, and the care index. Indians of the Upper Xingu presented high levels of caries, in all age groups. The average DMFT for 11 to 13-year-old children - 5.93 - was lower than the index measured in 1993 for 12-year-old schoolchildren in nearby cities - 8.23 -, whose United Nations' human development index ranked medium. However, Indians presented a much lower care index, per age group, than these cities, and a high ratio of missing teeth for persons above 20 years old. These observations indicate low incorporation of dental care services. The irregularity of the services programmed for these communities, and the changing dietary and cultural patterns, mainly derived from their contact with the non-indigenous population of Brazil, reinforce the pressing need for health promotion initiatives aimed at these groups.

scholarly journals Prevalence of vaccine hesitancy and its associated factors in an urban area of West Bengal, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3443
Author(s):  
Rajib Sikder ◽  
Dipankar Mukherjee ◽  
Ujjwal Pattanayak ◽  
Kunal Kanti Majumdar ◽  
Subha Sankha Kundu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Vaccine hesitancy is delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite availability of vaccine services. This study was conducted to find out the prevalence and factors associated and contributing to vaccine hesitancy for childhood vaccinations in Rajpur-Sonarpur municipalty of south 24 parganas, India.Methods: A cross‑sectional study was done among 352 children aged 0-59 months. Hesitancy to all childhood vaccination including the birth doses were observed. By simple random sampling ward no 8 was selected among the 37 wards of Rajpur-Sonarpur municipalty. All the vaccination center of ward no 8 on various vaccination days were covered from July 2019- December 2019. Data were collected at these vaccination centers by interviewing parents /associates of the children. Validated version of vaccine hesitancy survey questionnaire by the World Health Organization was used.Results: Vaccine hesitancy was present among 103 (29%) parents/relatives /associates of children. Delay was more common for measles and the booster doses of other vaccines. Reluctance to vaccinate was the most common reason (26.2%) for vaccine hesitancy. About 15(15.4%) parents reported to be unaware or confused of when to vaccinate their children. Improper counselling by health care givers, illness or irritability of the child were other causes.Conclusions: To avoid delay in vaccination weekly vaccination days were recommended. Community level campaigning and home visit of those eligible children to generate awareness about vaccination and to avoid reluctance in parents/associates of children were suggested.

Association of Amelogenin with High Caries Experience in Indian Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 458-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Saha ◽  
PB Sood ◽  
M Sandhu ◽  
A Diwaker ◽  
S Upadhyaye
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
World Health ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Amelogenin Gene ◽  
Dental Caries Susceptibility ◽  
Health Organization

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify alterations in amelogenin gene that are associated with dental caries susceptibility and to develop a non-invasive early screening test for caries risk. Study design: 60 individuals were selected for the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were divided into two groups based on DMFT score. DMFT was scored according to World Health Organization guidelines. Saliva obtained from all participants was stored in Indogenix DNA Self-Collection kits at 4°C. DNA was extracted according to the manufacturer's instructions. Once the entire DNA was isolated from each sample it was put forward for PCR amplification. The amplified amelogenin gene was then run on 2% agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide. The amplified gene was processed by SSCP technique to find out the altered bands and then subjected to DNA sequencing for identification of alterations in the amino acid sequence of amelogenin gene. Results: The sequencing data showed the presence of mutation. Samples showing mutation (43.3%) showed high correlation with caries (80.7%) experience which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Understanding the genetics of dental caries susceptibility will provide new insights into the caries process in individuals and will facilitate the development of targeted preventive strategies.

Prevalence of and factors associated with insufficient physical activity among adolescents: evidence from a nationwide survey in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Md Mokbul Hossain ◽  
Fahmida Akter ◽  
Abu Abdullah Mohammad Hanif ◽  
Md Showkat Ali Khan ◽  
Abu Ahmed Shamim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
World Health ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adolescent Girls And Boys ◽  
The World ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract The World Health Organization set a target of a 15% relative reduction in the prevalence of insufficient physical activity (IPA) by 2025 among adolescents and adults globally. In Bangladesh, there are no national estimates of the prevalence of IPA among adolescents. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors associated with IPA among adolescent girls and boys. Data for 4865 adolescent girls and 4907 adolescent boys, collected as a part of a National Nutrition Surveillance in 2018–19, were analysed for this study. A modified version of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) was used to collect physical activity data. The World Health Organization recommended cut-off points were used to estimate the prevalence of IPA. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with IPA. Prevalences of IPA among adolescent girls and boys were 50.3% and 29.0%, respectively, and the prevalence was significantly higher among early adolescents (10–14 years) than late adolescents (15–19 years) among both boys and girls. The IPA prevalence was highest among adolescents living in non-slum urban areas (girls: 77.7%; boys: 64.1%). For both boys and girls, younger age, non-slum urban residence, higher paternal education and increased television viewing time were significantly associated with IPA. Additionally, residing in slums was significantly associated with IPA only among the boys. Higher maternal education was associated with IPA only among the girls. This study identified several modifiable risk factors associated with IPA among adolescent boys and girls in Bangladesh. These factors should be addressed through comprehensive public health interventions to promote physical activity among adolescent girls and boys.

scholarly journals Dental caries in 6-12-year-old indigenous and non-indigenous schoolchildren in the Amazon basin of Ecuador

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Widman Medina ◽  
Anna-Karin Hurtig ◽  
Miguel San Sebastián ◽  
Edy Quizhpe ◽  
Cristian Romero
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
World Health ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Indigenous Children ◽  
Prevention And Health Promotion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the caries experience among 6-12-year-old indigenous (Naporunas) and non-indigenous (recent settlers of mixed ethnic origin) schoolchildren, living in the Amazon basin of Ecuador. Cross-sectional data were obtained from 1,449 clinical exams according to the World Health Organization criteria. Nine (7.6%) indigenous and 3 (4.5%) non-indigenous children had no caries experience in their primary dentition at the age of 6. The mean dmft value (SD) among indigenous and non-indigenous children aged 6 was 6.40 (3.36) and 8.36 (3.93), respectively. Sixty-four (54.2%) indigenous and 29 (43.3%) non-indigenous children had no caries experience in their permanent first molars at the age of 6. Only 7 (6.26%) indigenous and 2 (2.60%) non-indigenous children were caries-free at the age of 12. The mean DMFT values (SD) for 12-year-olds were 4.47 (2.85) among indigenous and 5.25 (2.89) among non-indigenous children. Fillings were almost non existent. Caries rates were high among both groups, with untreated carious lesions predominating in all ages. The data of indigenous children suggest adoption of a non-traditional diet. An appropriate oral health response based primarily on prevention and health promotion is needed.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN ABORSI PADA REMAJA PUTRI DI PERKOTAAN DAN PEDESAAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakiatul Fuada ◽  
Dewi Karlina Rusly ◽  
Silvia Yasmin Lubis
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Remaja merupakan periode transisi antara anak-anak ke masa dewasa,atau anak usia belasan tahun, Remaja harus mempersiapkan diri menuju kehidupan dewasa, termasuk dalamaspek seksualnya. Dibutuhkan sikap yang bijaksanadaripara orang tua, pendidik dan masyarakat pada umumnya serta tentunya dariremaja itu sendiri, agar mereka dapat melewati masa transisi itu dengan selamat supaya remaja dan orangtua dapat mengatasi transisi ini dengan baik. Pada tahun 2011 angka kejadian aborsi di dunia diperkirakan 56 juta kasus (25,6%) dari 180 juta kehamilan. Di wilayah Asia Tenggara, World Health Organization (WHO) memperkirakan 4,2 juta aborsi dilakukan setiap tahunnya. Diantaranya 750.000 sampai 2 juta kasus terjadi di Indonesia, atau dapat dikatakan hampir 50%nya terjadi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan tentang aborsi pada usia remaja. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik simple random sampling  yang diambil dari remaja putri kecamatan Simpang Keuremat dan Kota Lhokseumawe yang berjumlah total 214 sampel. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji T dengan ketentuan hasil dilihat dari nilai T hitung. Hasil uji statistik didapatkan hasil nilai mean 38.33 (SD 5.335) dan nilai median 39,00 pada remaja putri perkotaan dan nilai mean 36.13 (SD 4,853) dan nilai median 36,00  pada  remaja putri pedesaan nilai t hitung = 3.150 (sig. 0.002 dan  T-hitung > T-tabel). Terdapat perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan tentang aborsi pada sampel penelitian ini berdasarkan statistik.

scholarly journals Avaliação das Variantes Genéticas dos Genes AMELX e ENAM na Cárie Dentária em Adolescentes

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (5-esp.) ◽  
pp. 650-654
Author(s):  
Gabriela Paschoalini Romagni ◽  
Paula Marino Costa ◽  
Sandra Mara Maciel ◽  
Maria Paula Jacobucci ◽  
Regina Célia Poli-Frederico
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Component ◽  
World Health ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Health Organization

A doença cárie é considerada, atualmente, como biofilme sacarose dependente, entretanto, estudos recentes apontam que fatores genéticos também podem influenciar seu desenvolvimento. Variantes nos gene amelogenina (AMELX) e enamelina (ENAM), responsáveis pela formação do esmalte, têm sido propostas como potencialmente envolvidos na doença. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se a ocorrência de cárie dentária em adolescentes está relacionado às variantes nos genes AMELX e ENAM. Para a avaliação da prevalência de cárie foi utilizado o índice de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados (CPO-D), segundo critérios da Organização Mundial de Saúde. As amostras de DNA foram extraídas das células da mucosa oral. Para a análise dos polimorfismos de nucleotídeo único (SNPs) dos genes AMELX (rs17878486) e ENAM (rs7671281) foi utilizada  a técnica de amplificação de fragmentos de DNA pela reação em cadeia da polimerase foi realizada (PCR) em tempo real pelo sistema TaqMan (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, EUA). Para a análise estatística, foi utilizado o teste exato de Fisher e qui-quadrado com nível de significância de 5%. Apenas os fatores socioeconômicos influenciaram a experiência de cárie. Concluiu-se que o componente genético, na população deste estudo, não influenciou o desenvolvimento da cárie.   Palavras-chave: Polimorfismo genético. Adolescentes. Esmalte.   Abstract Caries disease is currently considered a sucrose-dependent biofilm, however recent studies indicate that a genetic component can also influence its development. Variants in the amelogenin (AMELX) and enamelin (ENAM) genes, responsible for the enamel formation, have been proposed as potentially involved in the disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the occurrence of dental caries in adolescents is related to variants in the AMELX and ENAM genes. To assess the caries prevalence, the index of decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) were used, according to World Health Organization criteria. DNA samples were extracted from oral mucosa cells. For the analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the AMELX (rs17878486) and ENAM (rs7671281) genes, the amplifying DNA fragments technique  by the polymerase chain reaction was performed (PCR) in real time by the TaqMan system (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, USA). For the statistical analysis, Fisher's exact test and chi-square were used with a 5% significance level. Only socioeconomic factors influenced the caries experience. It was concluded that the genetic component in the population of this study, did not influence the development of caries.   Keywords: Genetic polymorphism. Adolescents. Enamel.

scholarly journals PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN ZAT FITOESTROGEN PADA WANITA USIA MENOPAUSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-356
Author(s):  
Wahyu Utami Ekasari ◽  
Pintam Ayu Yastirin
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT  Background Menopause is a phase of female reproduction characterized by the cessation of menstruation due to decreased production of the hormone estrogen, which begins to occur in the age range of 40-50 years. World Health Organization (WHO) Projection (2014) in 2030 the number of women worldwide entering menopause is estimated at 1.2 billion people, while in 2025 there are an estimated 60 million menopausal women. In 2016, in Indonesia there were 14 million (7.4%) menopausal women and the population of Central Java province in the group of women aged 40-44 years was 1,240,110 million (7.2%), aged 45-49 years was 1,215 .340 million (7.1%) and ages 50-54 totaling 1,126,818 million (6.7%) (Ministry of Health, 2016; BPS Central Java 2016). Signs of menopausal symptoms vary for each woman such as hot flashes, depression, anxiety, and mood instability. One of the needs of menopausal women to overcome the discomfort due to changes that occur by consuming nutrients that contain carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and phytoestrogens (Andira, 2010; Melani, 2012).  Purpose to know the respondent's characteristic relationship to the fulfillment of phytoestrogen requirement in menopausal women. Method The type of research used was an analytical survey with a population of 671 people in the menopause age group (ages 45 - 59 years) in Ngembak Village. Samples were taken using a simple random sampling technique of 47 people. The study was conducted from January to December 2019 using primary data from the Food Frequency Form (FFQ) which contained various foods containing phytoestrogens as well as secondary data whose results were analyzed using the Lambda Contingency Coefficient formula. Result Based on the results of research and data analysis, it is known that the variable that has a relationship with the fulfillment of phytoestrogens is the Body Mass Index (BMI) variable. This is indicated by the p-value of 0.458 <0.05. Conclusion Body Mass Index (BMI) is a measure used to assess a person's nutritional status, so that the nutritional needs needed by someone including menopausal women can be identified from the calculation of BMI. Suggestion  In an effort to improve the degree of health of women at menopause including regulating nutrition according to body conditions. This requires full support from partners and health professionals as consultants, so that women at menopause can meet their nutritional needs well.  Keywords: Characteristics of Menopause and Phytoestrogen  ABSTRAK  Latar Belakang Menopause merupakan fase reproduksi perempuan yang ditandai dengan terhentinya menstruasi karena penurunan produksi hormon estrogen, yang mulai terjadi pada rentang usia 40 – 50 tahun. Proyeksi World Health Organization (WHO) (2014) tahun 2030 jumlah wanita di seluruh dunia yang memasuki masa menopause diperkirakan mencapai 1,2 miliar orang, sedangkan pada tahun 2025 diperkirakan terdapat 60 juta wanita menopause. Tahun 2016, Di Indonesia tercatat sebanyak 14 juta (7,4 %) wanita menopause dan jumlah penduduk provinsi Jawa Tengah pada kelompok wanita usia 40-44 tahun sejumlah  1.240.110 juta (7,2%), usia 45-49 tahun sejumlah 1.215.340 juta (7,1%) dan usia 50-54 sejumlah 1.126.818 juta (6,7%)  (Kemenkes, 2016 ; BPS Jawa Tengah 2016). Tanda gejala menopause bervariasi setiap wanita seperti hot flashes, depresi, gelisah, dan mood tidak stabil. Salah satu kebutuhan wanita menopause untuk mengatasi ketidaknyamanan akibat perubahan yang terjadi dengan mengkonsumsi gizi yang mengandung karbohidrat, protein, lemak, vitamin, mineral dan fitoestrogen (Andira, 2010 ; Melani, 2012). Tujuan penelitian mengetahui hubungan karakterisrik responden terhadap pemenuhan kebutuhan fitoestrogen pada wanita menopause.  Metode jenis penelitian Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah survai analitik dengan populasi kelompok wanita usia menopause (usia 45 – 59 tahun) sebanyak 671 orang di Desa Ngembak. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik simple random sampling sebanyak 47 orang.  Penelitian dilaksanakan sepanjang bulan Januari – Desember 2019 dengan menggunakan data primer dari Formulir Food Frequency (FFQ) yang berisi macam-macam makanan yang mengandung fitoestrogen serta data sekunder yang hasilnya dianalisis menggunakan rumus Koefisien Kontingensi Lambda. Hasil penelitian Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data diketahui bahwa variabel yang memiliki hubungan dengan pemenuhan fitoestrogen adalah variabel Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan hasil p-value 0,458 < 0,05.  Kesimpulan  Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) merupakan ukuran yang digunakan untuk menilai status gizi seseorang, sehingga kebutuhan gizi yang diperlukan seseorang termasuk wanita menopause dapat diidentifikasi dari perhitungan IMT. Saran Sebagai upaya meningkatkan derajat kesehatan wanita di usia menopause diantaranya dengan mengatur gizi sesuai kondisi tubuh. Hal tersebut membutuhkan dukungan penuh dari pasangan dan tenaga kesehatan selaku konsultan, sehingga para wanita di usia menopause dapat memenuhi kebutuhan gizinya dengan baik.  Kata Kunci : Karakteristik Menopuse dan Fitoestrogen  

Probiotics in Dental Caries Prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padmapriya Ramanujam ◽  
Saravanan Poorni ◽  
Manali Ramakrishnan Srinivasan ◽  
Nivedhitha Malli Sureshbabu
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Caries Prevention ◽  
World Health ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Chewing Gums ◽  
Health Organization

The prevalence of oral diseases is increasing and is becoming a major concern in the society. Treatment without prevention is simply unsustainable. One such preventable disease is dental caries. Several strategies for caries prevention have been developed over the years. Bacteriotherapy is one potential method. With better understanding on the importance of a well balanced oral microbial environment for maintaining good dental health, probiotics has gained great momentum in dentistry. The World Health Organization along with the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations defined probiotics as “Live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host”. Several probiotic strains have been identified for caries prevention through various experimental studies. However, identifying the right vehicle for administration of probiotics on everyday basis is the need of the hour. Toothpastes, mouthrinses, powders, tablets, lozenges, chewing gums are some probiotic vehicles that have been studied. This paper would throw light on the microbial strains, mechanism of action, forms and future for probiotics in caries prevention.

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