scholarly journals Primary second molar relations in preschool-aged children

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Rafinus Arifin ◽  
Taufiqi Hidayatullah ◽  
Sholeha Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Distal Surface ◽  
Banda Aceh ◽  
Centric Occlusion ◽  
Preschool Aged Children

Introduction: The primary second molar relation is also called the terminal plane, which is the relation between the distal surface of the maxillary and mandibular second primary molars in a centric occlusion position. One of the most important characteristics of the ideal occlusion development on the primary dentition is if the primary second molar relation classified as the flush terminal plane. This relation plays a significant role in determining the relation in permanent molar because the eruption of the first permanent molars are guided by the distal surface of the maxillary and mandibular second primary molars. The purpose of this study was to found out the clinical description of the primary second molar relation among the preschool-aged children in four kindergartens in Banda Aceh. Methods: This study was a descriptive study with cross-sectional study approach. The subject selection method was performed with a purposive sampling method involving as much as 37 subjects, which were students of State Kindergarten of Pembina 1, State Kindergarten 2, State Kindergarten 3, and State Kindergarten of Adidarma 4, Banda Aceh. The examination was performed by using the intraoral mirror when the teeth were in the centric occlusion position. Decisions regarding the primary second molar relation were made by the bilateral occlusion (left and right). Results: The flush terminal plane was found in 45.9% of all respondents, the mesial step was 54.1%, and the distal step was 0.0%. Conclusion: The primary second molar relation among preschool-aged children generally had the mesial step.

scholarly journals Effect of Primary Molar Caries on Caries Development in the Adjacent Permanent First Molars

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jafari ◽  
Saideh Aslani ◽  
Mahboobeh Zangooei ◽  
Hossein Hessari ◽  
Ahmad Reza Shamshiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Caries Detection ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Primary Molar ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Dental Instruments

Objectives: Dental caries is among the most common chronic diseases of the childhood. This study sought to assess the effect of caries experience in primary molars on caries development in the adjacent permanent first molars. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated 413 students aged 7 and 8 years. Clinical dental examination was performed by two independent examiners using disposable dental instruments and a head light. Dental caries was evaluated using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) for all four permanent first molars and the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) index for the primary molars. Data were analyzed using the Pearson’s Chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test. Results: When primary first molars were sound, 22.9% of the permanent first molars of the same quadrant were sound. When primary second molars were sound, 25.7% of the adjacent permanent first molars were sound. A carious primary second molar had a stronger correlation with development of dentin caries in the adjacent permanent first molar than a carious primary first molar (P<0.001). Conclusion: The current results confirmed that carious primary molars can significantly affect caries development in the adjacent permanent first molars, and a carious primary second molar has a significantly greater effect than a carious primary first molar in this respect. Thus, special attention should be paid to oral hygiene and proper tooth brushing of primary molars, particularly second molars.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Factors Associated with the Effectiveness of Nurse Communication to Patients in the Inpatient Room of Teungku Fakinah Hospital, Banda Aceh

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1724-1738
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iqbal Saputra ◽  
Said Usman ◽  
Sofia Sofia ◽  
Irwan Saputra ◽  
Yusni Yusni
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communication Effectiveness ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Nurse Communication ◽  
Banda Aceh

The aim of thisstudy is to find out the factors relating to the effectiveness of nurses communication in patient. The type of research in this study is quantitative analytic with cross sectional study approach. The research location is in the inpatient room of Teungku Fakinah Hospital in Banda Aceh. The result of the study are the effectiveness of nurse communication in patients at Teungku Fakinah Hospital is in the category of good at 89%, the value of the variables of openness, empathy, equality, audible (humble) and humble (humble) are in good category that is above 95%, factors that significantly affect the effectiveness of nurse communication in patients at Teungku Fakinah Hospital, namely the openness of empathy level, the level of equality of the audible level (right) and the level of humble (humble). The better the level of openness, the better the effectiveness of nurse communication in patients. The better the level of empathy, the better the communication effectiveness of nurses in patients. The better the level of equality, the better the effectiveness of nurse communication in patients.The better the level of audible (right), the better the effectiveness of nurse communication in patients.The better the level of humble (humble), the better the effectiveness of nurse communication in patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Three-Rooted Deciduous Mandibular Molars in the Children of Northwestern Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Maryam Khosrozadeh ◽  
Maryam Mostafavi ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Hamrah ◽  
Elham Niknejad
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
Northwestern Iran ◽  
And Gender

Introduction. Although primary teeth have a determinative role in development of normal occlusion, few studies about anomalies related to deciduous dentition have been conducted so far. Regarding recent improvements in common knowledge and the importance of maintaining primary teeth until eruption of succedaneous teeth, identifying the morphology of primary teeth and probable variations is of great importance to achieve optimal therapeutic outcome. This study aims to determine the prevalence of three-rooted mandibular primary molars in a population of northwestern Iran. Materials and Methods. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, periapical radiographs of patients attending private oral and maxillofacial radiology offices in the northwestern region of Iran from 2017 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 300 cases in the 3– 10 -year age range having bilateral periapical radiographs from mandibular primary molars were screened. First and second primary molars were observed meticulously. Gender, side of the mandible (right or left), symmetry, overall prevalence, and prevalence considering the type of molar (D or E) were recorded and analyzed. Results. Overall prevalence of three-rooted mandibular primary molars was 9.33 % (   28 / 300 ), 92.9 % of which were unilateral. The prevalence of teeth showing supernumerary roots among all teeth examined was 2.5 % ( 30 / 1200 ). Considering symmetry and gender, the occurrence of these three-rooted primary molars did not differ significantly (respectively, p = 0.832 and p = 0.541 ). However, there was a significant relationship between the occurrence of supernumerary roots and left side for three-rooted first molars and right side for three-rooted second molars ( p = 0.021 ). Conclusion. Obtained data show that three-rooted mandibular primary molars in children of northwest region of Iran have a prevalence of approximately 10   % which urges some specific considerations in exodontic and endodontic procedures.

scholarly journals Correlation between Visual Warning on Cigarette Pack Sand Smoking Behavior of Man Students in Banda Aceh Year 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 3565-3569
Author(s):  
Ismail .
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Students ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
Cigarette Pack ◽  
The Government ◽  
Banda Aceh

The dangers of smoking cigarettes are commonly known especially by the smokers because every pack of cigarettes contained the words “smoking can cause cancer, heart attack, impotence, as well as pregnancy and fetal disorders.” The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between visual warning on cigarette packs and smoking behavior among teenagers. The population of this study were the 11th and 12th grade male students in a MAN (Madrasah Aliyah Negeri—Public Islamic Senior High School) in Banda Aceh with a sample of 71 students. This research was designed in the form of analytical survey with cross-sectional study approach. Data collection was conducted from 17 to 18 June 2016. The result of the study shows that teenage smoking behavior in a MAN in Banda Aceh correlates to visual illustration with p-value of 0.003, typography with p-value of 0.016, coloring with p-value of 0.037, and layout with p-value 0.001. Therefore, it is suggested that smoking hazards awareness programs need to be improved with various approaches. The government is expected to enact a regulation on using plain packaging and visual warning images that cover at least 50% of the cigarette package. The school is expected to administer regular health education programs and to provide guidance to students who smoke.

scholarly journals Pattern of occlusal contacts in intercuspal position of natural teeth

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Tanzeela Imran ◽  
Naseer Ahmed ◽  
Bushra Nazeer
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Contact Areas ◽  
Natural Teeth ◽  
Centric Occlusion

The purpose of this study was to determine the patterns of occlusal contacts and location in intercuspal position of natural teeth.A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample size of around seventy patients within a span of seven months, complete mouth impressions were made of each patient with hydrocolloid material and the impressions were poured in dental stone. The contact areas of the teeth in the maximum intercuspation position were determined by wax. Three distinct types of indentations were noted on the wax interocclusal record. Then similarly the centric occlusion contacts of the teeth on the cast were determined by interposing a new piece of wax, approximating the casts in the maximum intercuspation position by hand, and applying pressure. The oral and cast wax recordings were then compared. The occlusal relation for each individual tooth was then classified and recorded in a Performa.Following wax interocclusal record of natural teeth in intercuspation an ideal occlusion was absent, a difference in morphology of anterior and posterior teeth was also evident that inevitably affects the nature of occlusal contacts.The ideal occlusion was not found in any of the patient’s investigation.

scholarly journals Association of Visual Defects and Occlusal Molar Class in Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Caruso ◽  
Roberto Gatto ◽  
Mario Capogreco ◽  
Alessandro Nota
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Visual Defects ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Relationship Of

Purpose. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate the presence of any correlations between dysfunctions related to visual impairments and dental occlusion. Methods. The test group included 34 subjects (21 males and 13 females; mean age 11 ± 2 years) randomly selected with the following inclusion criteria: absence of any diagnosis for problems at visual level except those related to refractive defects, visual acuity of at least 1.0, absence of any syndrome or malformation in the craniofacial area, good general health, and absence of any systemic disease able to influence the vision or the craniofacial growth. They underwent visual clinical tests to evaluate the presence of fusional vergence defects and amplitude. Each patient underwent an orthodontic clinical exam and the occlusal molar relationship of each subject was recorded and considered as occlusal variable. A statistical analysis with Chi-Squared test was performed in order to analyze the associations between the visual defects and the occlusal variable. Results. A statistically significant association between the molar occlusal relationship and the occurrence of exodeviations was observed. The percentage of subjects presenting fusional amplitudes with convergence lower of the cut-off value was statistically significantly higher in the group of occlusal molar second class. Conclusions. The results obtained show that there is an association between occlusal second molar class and fusional vergence defects.

scholarly journals Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Tingkat Harga Diri pada Penderita Stroke di Rumah Sakit Umum Royal Prima Medan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Yusmawarnita Zai ◽  
Kandrinus Bu’ulolo ◽  
Novy Fajariani ◽  
Yasozatulo Hulu ◽  
Ruslan Efendi Gulo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Relationship Of

Stroke is a condition where a part of the brain is suddenly disturbed which is caused by a lack of blood supply, which causes an inhibition of metabolic processes. As a result of a stroke affects the psychological function of the patient, so the patient feels his level of self-esteem decreases or is low. The role and support of families play an important role in the rehabilitation process to provide health services for stroke patients. The aim is to find out the relationship of family support with the level of self esteem (self-esteem) in stroke patients at the Royal Prima Medan Hospital in 2019. The design used a "cross sectional study" approach with a population of 2,690 people. Samples were stroke patients at RSU Royal Prima medan, as many as 25 respondents using accidental sampling techniques and questionnaires as research instruments. The test used is the chi-square test. The results of the study Based on the chi-square test found p value (<0.05) statistically shows that there is a relationship between family support and the level of self esteem (self-esteem) in stroke patients specifically there is a relationship between informational support (p-value = 0.009), assessment support (p-value = 0.003), Instrumental support is obtained (p-value = 0.009), Emotional support (p-value = 0.004) with the level of self esteem (self-esteem) in stroke patients. This research shows that good family support will positively impact the level of self esteem (self-esteem) in stroke patients.

scholarly journals The neglected cestode infection: Epidemiology of Hymenolepis nana infection among children in rural Yemen

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-305
Author(s):  
H. M. Al-Mekhlafi
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Hymenolepis Nana ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Preschool Aged Children

SummaryHymenolepis nana is the most common cestode reported in humans worldwide. It is prevalent among children in the tropics and subtropics, particularly in rural poor communities where sanitation is inadequate or lacking. This cross-sectional study aims to determine the prevalence and significant risk factors of H. nana infection among children in rural Yemen. Faecal samples were collected from 498 children and screened for intestinal parasites by using wet mount, formalin-ether concentration and Kato–Katz techniques. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect demographic, socioeconomic, housing condition, and personal hygiene information. Overall, 77.5 % (386/498) of the children were found to be infected by at least one intestinal parasite species. The overall prevalence of H. nana was 17.5 % (87/498). Multivariate analysis confirmed that an age of < 6 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.28; 95 % (confidence interval [CI] = 2.04, 8.98), presence of other family members infected with H. nana (AOR = 2.48; 95 % CI = 1.45, 4.24), living in the highlands (AOR = 2.87; 95 % CI = 1.56, 5.26), living in a house without improved toilet facilities (AOR = 2.19; 95 % CI = 1.23, 3.88), not washing vegetables before consumption (AOR = 2.11; 95 % CI = 1.06, 4.19), and not washing hands after defecation (AOR = 1.88; 95 % CI = 1.08, 3.27) were the key factors significantly associated with H. nana infection among the studied children. In conclusion, H. nana is prevalent among children in rural Yemen, particularly among preschool-aged children. Thus, an integrated and effective programme to control intestinal parasitic infections should include preschool-aged children. Such a programme should focus on providing health education on hygienic practices, providing adequate sanitation and improved sources of drinking water, and screening and treating other infected family members.

scholarly journals Analisis Bau Limbah Perternakan Ayam di Pemukiman Terhadap Gangguan Psikosomatik Masyarakat Sekitar Kandang di Desa Sei Lembu Makmur

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Purnomo Purnomo ◽  
Zulfan Saam ◽  
Elda Nazriati
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Psychosomatic Disorders ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The People ◽  
Chicken Farm ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: The number of boiler chicken farm located in the community felt starting to annoy people, especially the chicken farm located close to residential areas. Many people complained about the bad effects of the operations of the boiler chicken farm because there are many farmers who ignore the handling of waste of effort. The impact that can arise is the smell of chicken farms, the emergence of flies and fears spread of bird flu virus. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the sewage smell chicken farm on the incidence of psychosomatic symptoms in a residential community surrounding villages cage Sei Lembu Makmur 2014. The design of this study analytic observational, cross-sectional study approach. This research was conducted in the month of January to August 2014. The sample in this study that people around the cage which amounts to 43 respondents. Data was collected through questionnaires and a doctor's diagnosis. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis were processed using the computerized system and Lambda test. The results showed that respondents ammonia contaminated and uncontaminated 21 people 22 people (51.2 %), which has a disturbing perception as many as 23 people (53.5 %) and did not interfere with 20 people (46.5 %) and respondents who had psychosomatic disorders is 13 people (30.2 %) and not psychosomatic 30 people (69.8%) .Based Lambda test showed that there was no relationship between the concentration of ammonia with psychosomatic disorders in settlements around the cage Sei Lembu Makmur (p = 1.000> 0.05) and there was no relationship between perception and psychosomatic disorders in the settlements around the cage Sei Lembu Makmur (p = 0.462> 0.05). For the people around the cage explain to the public that air pollution by ammonia due to the smell of the chicken coop with the highest ammonia concentration of 3.32 ppm which means no influence posed to human health. 

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