scholarly journals Use of Antiviral Virucides in the Prevention of Some Viral Diseases Causing on Tobacco Plants in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin Nguyen Van ◽  
Nguyen Van Van ◽  
Tào Ngọc Tuấn ◽  
Dương Xuân Diêu ◽  
Phạm Hà Thành ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Yield And Quality

In recent years, some viral diseases have been increasing in the tobacco-growing regions of Vietnam and cause serious damage to the tobacco yield and quality. If it has not an effective control, viral diseases will injure seriously in the tobacco field in next time. To control the effect of viral diseases, study use of some antiviral virucides is necessary on tobacco plants. In 2021, Vietnam Tobacco Institute experimented with the effective control of Ditacin 8SL, Sat 4SL, and Exin 4.5SC for TMV, CMV, PVY, and TNRV on the tobacco field in Bac Giang province. Results of the study show the antiviral agents are effective in the control of the virus disease on tobacco. When only spray Ditacin 8SL, effective prevention for viral diseases ranges from 22.4 - 30.3%; Sat 4SL: 5.5 - 30.2%, and Exin 4.5SC: 8.2 - 24.1%. Spraying a mixture of antiviral agents and insecticides gives higher efficiency than spraying a kind. For example, spray Ditacin 8SL + Confodor 100SL, effective control reaches from 34.3 to 100%; Sat 4SL + Confidor 100SL: 32.6 - 92.3, and 38.5 - 100% with Exin 4.5SC + Confidor 100SL. The spray treatments have a higher yield and quality than the control without spraying.

scholarly journals Probiotics as Antiviral Agents in Shrimp Aquaculture

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bestha Lakshmi ◽  
Buddolla Viswanath ◽  
D. V. R. Sai Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Shrimp Aquaculture ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Power Enhancement ◽  
Shrimp Farms ◽  
Criteria For Selection

Shrimp farming is an aquaculture business for the cultivation of marine shrimps or prawns for human consumption and is now considered as a major economic and food production sector as it is an increasingly important source of protein available for human consumption. Intensification of shrimp farming had led to the development of a number of diseases, which resulted in the excessive use of antimicrobial agents, which is finally responsible for many adverse effects. Currently, probiotics are chosen as the best alternatives to these antimicrobial agents and they act as natural immune enhancers, which provoke the disease resistance in shrimp farm. Viral diseases stand as the major constraint causing an enormous loss in the production in shrimp farms. Probiotics besides being beneficial bacteria also possess antiviral activity. Exploitation of these probiotics in treatment and prevention of viral diseases in shrimp aquaculture is a novel and efficient method. This review discusses the benefits of probiotics and their criteria for selection in shrimp aquaculture and their role in immune power enhancement towards viral diseases.

Antiviral Agents and Viral Diseases of Man

1985 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Robert E. Van Scoy
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Viral Diseases

Ribavirin

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-291
Author(s):  
DAVID ISAACS
Keyword(s):  
Thymidine Kinase ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Nucleoside Analogs ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Herpes Viruses ◽  
Important Advance ◽  
Dna Viruses ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Simplex Virus

Immunization has proved to be the most effective way of controlling viral diseases, and the development of antiviral drugs has lagged behind the development of antibacterial agents. Many of the early antiviral agents were DNA nucleoside analogs such as idoxuridine, cytarabine, and vidarabine, which competitively inhibited replication of DNA viruses, especially herpes viruses. An important advance was the deliberate synthesis of a purine nucleoside analog, acyclovir, which is only active following phosphorylation, which is carried out selectively by virus-coded thymidine kinase. Acyclovir is active against some herpesviruses, particularly herpes simplex virus, but not against RNA viruses, and appears to have low toxicity because of the low level of phosphorylation by host cell thymidine kinase.

scholarly journals Emerging Viral Diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-232
Author(s):  
Jamal Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Abdur Rahim ◽  
Khwaja Nazim Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Swine Flu ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
New Host ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Emerging Viral Diseases

Human life is intricately related to it’s surrounding environment which also harbors other animals and some deadly infectious pathogens. Any threat to the environment can thus increase the threat of new and so-called ‘emerging infectious diseases’ (EIDs) especially novel viral infections called ‘emerging viral diseases’. This occurs partly due to changing climate as well as human interference with nature and animal life. An important event in new disease emergence is genetic changes in the pathogen that make it possible to become established in a new host species, productively infect new individuals in the new hosts (typically humans) and create local, regional or worldwide health threats. The world has witnessed some emerging and deadly viral threats in recent past with huge mortality and morbidity. Among them were severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), bird flu, swine flu, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), ebola virus disease. Moreover some disease has caused great concern in certain regions including Bangladesh in terms of morbidity, like Nipah virus, Zika virus, Dengue and Chikungunya fever. Here in this article an attempt was made to briefly describe some of these emerging viral infections.Birdem Med J 2017; 7(3): 224-232

scholarly journals Assessment of Knowledge, Practice and Guidelines towards the Novel COVID-19 among Eye Care Practitioners in Nigeria–A Survey-Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5141
Author(s):  
Bernadine Ekpenyong ◽  
Chukwuemeka J. Obinwanne ◽  
Godwin Ovenseri-Ogbomo ◽  
Kelechukwu Ahaiwe ◽  
Okonokhua O. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Knowledge Practice

The aim of this study was to explore knowledge, practice of risk and guidelines of the novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) infection among the eye care practitioners and the potential associated factors. A cross-sectional self-administered online survey was distributed via emails and social media networks between 2nd and 18th May 2020 corresponding to the week of the lockdown in Nigeria to eye care practitioners (ECPs). Data for 823 respondents were analyzed. Knowledge and risk practice were categorized as binary outcome and univariate and multivariate linear regression were used to examine the associated factors. The mean score for COVID-19-related knowledge of public health guidelines was high and varied across the ECPs. Ophthalmic Nurses, Ophthalmologists and Optometrists showed higher COVID-19-related knowledge than other ECPs (p < 0.001), particularly those working in the private sector. More than 50% of ECPs stated they provided essential services during the COVID-19 lockdown via physical consultation, particularly the Ophthalmologists. Most respondents reported that the guidelines provided by their Association were useful but expressed their lack of confidence in attending to patients during and after the COVID-19 lockdown. Compared to other ECPs in Nigeria, more Ophthalmic Nurses received training in the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). This survey is the first to assess knowledge, attitudes and practice in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. ECPs in Nigeria displayed good knowledge about COVID-19 and provided eye care services during the COVID-19 lockdown in Nigeria, despite the majority not receiving any training on the use of PPEs with concerns over attending to patients. There is need for the government to strengthen health systems by improving and extending training on standard infection prevention and control measures to ECPs for effective control of the pandemic and in the future as essential health workers.

scholarly journals Discovery and Development of Safe-in-Man Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agents

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petter I. Andersen ◽  
Aleksandr Ianevski ◽  
Hilde Lysvand ◽  
Astra Vitkauskiene ◽  
Valentyn Oksenych ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Players ◽  
Emerging Viral Diseases ◽  
Spectrum Of Indications

Viral diseases are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Broad-spectrum antiviral agents (BSAAs) are key players in control of human viral diseases. Here, we reviewed the discovery and development process of BSAAs, focusing on compounds with available safety profiles in human. In addition, we summarized the information on approved, investigational and experimental safe-in-man BSAAs in freely accessible database at https://drugvirus.info/. The number of approved BSAAs will be increased as well as their spectrum of indications will be expanded pending the results of further pre-clinical and clinical studies. This will ultimately reinforce the arsenal of available antiviral options and provide better protection of general population from emerging and re-emerging viral diseases.

scholarly journals Ownership and Utilisation of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets in Tiko Health District, Southwest Region, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Paulette Ngum Fru ◽  
Frederick Nchang Cho ◽  
Andrew N. Tassang ◽  
Celestina Neh Fru ◽  
Peter Nde Fon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Measure ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Health District ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets

Introduction. Malaria is and remains a serious health concern in Africa. In Cameroon, where malaria is endemic and a major public health problem, the major control measure put in place is the use of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). In the Tiko Health District (THD), the challenges have been to assess and to evaluate the ownership and utilisation of LLINs. This study sought to assess the ownership and utilisation rates of LLINs in the THD. Methodology. A cross-sectional survey involving 418 households was conducted in four health areas in the THD. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on LLIN ownership and utilisation as well as sociodemographic characteristics. Results. The ownership of at least one LLIN per household, coverage, and accessibility were, respectively, 89%, 56.2%, and 66.3%, while installing LLINs on all beds in the household, sleeping under LLINs the previous night (SULPN), and universal utilisation were 72%, 24.9%, and 14.1%, respectively. Factors significantly associated with the ownership of at least one LLIN per household were respondent’s age and gender. Heat (21.1%) and forgetfulness (6.5%) were the main reasons postulated for irregular utilisation of LLINs. Conclusion. The ownership LLINs failed to guarantee utilisation and definitely effective control of malaria in the THD, as expected. Continuous and appropriate use of LLINs is indispensable, in addition to periodic sanitation, booster campaigns of LLIN distribution, and evaluation research for effective prevention and control of malaria.

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