scholarly journals Dynamics of aerial and perennial biomass of two lucerne cultivars with different fall dormancy subject to two severities of cutting during the establishment phase

2021 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 072
Author(s):  
Leonela Analía García ◽  
Silvia Graciela Assuero ◽  
Gabriel Blain ◽  
Matías Ezequiel Pereyra ◽  
Germán Darío Berone
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Fall Dormancy ◽  
Crown Biomass ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Establishment Phase

The aim of this study was to quantify the impact of two cutting severities on the dynamics of aerial and perennial (root plus crown) biomass of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) plants of two cultivars of contrasting fall dormancy rating during the establishment phase. We worked at Unidad Integrada Balcarce with two cultivars of lucerne (non-winter dormant: FD10; semi-winter dormant: FD6) and two cutting severities (40 and 100 mm) defining four treatments (FD6-40 mm, FD6-100 mm, FD10-40 mm and FD10-100 mm) under a completely randomized design. In both cultivars, increasing cutting severity produced a reduction in leaf area and number of nodes in the residual, resulting in a reduced production of aerial biomass during regrowth, given a reduction on shoot number. On the other hand, the effect of increased cutting severity on perennial biomass was only observed in plants of FD10 cultivar. This cultivar showed less perennial biomass when cut at 40 mm than at 100 mm, while no differences were observed between cutting heights in FD6 cultivar.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Yeasts from Rumen Fluids for Potential Use as Additives in Ruminant Feeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Chanon Suntara ◽  
Anusorn Cherdthong ◽  
Metha Wanapat ◽  
Suthipong Uriyapongson ◽  
Vichai Leelavatcharamas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Time ◽  
Cellulase Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pichia Kudriavzevii ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
The Media ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a yeast strain often used to improve the feed quality of ruminants. However, S. cerevisiae has limited capacity to provide biomass when inoculated with carbon sources and a low ability to produce cellulase enzymes. Here, we hypothesized that yeast in the rumen produces a large amount of biomass and could release cellulase enzymes to break down fiber content. Therefore, the aim of this study was to screen, isolate and identify yeast from the rumen fluids of Holstein Friesian steers and measure the efficiency of biomass production and cellulase activity. A fermentation medium containing sugarcane molasses as a carbon source and urea as a nitrogen source was optimized. Two fistulated–crossbred Holstein Friesian steers averaging 350 ± 20 kg body weight were used to screen and isolate the ruminal yeast. Two experiments were designed: First, a 12 × 3 × 3 factorial was used in a completely randomized design to determine biomass and carboxymethyl cellulase activity. Factor A was the isolated yeast and S. cerevisiae. Factor B was sugarcane molasses (M) concentration. Factor C was urea (U) concentration. In the second experiment, potential yeasts were selected, identified, and analyzed for 7 × 4 factorial use in a completely randomized design. Factor A was the incubation times. Factor B was the isolated yeast strains, including codes H-Khon Kaen University (KKU) 20 (as P. kudriavzevii-KKU20), I-KKU20 (C. tropicalis-KKU20), and C-KKU20 (as Galactomyces sp.-KKU20). Isolation was imposed under aerobic conditions, resulting in a total of 11 different colonies. Two appearances of colonies including asymmetric colonies of isolated yeast (indicated as A, B, C, E, and J) and ovoid colonies (coded as D, F, G, H, I, and K) were noted. Isolated yeast from the rumen capable of providing a high amount of biomass when inoculant consisted of the molasses 15% + urea 3% (M15 + U3), molasses 25% + urea 1% (M25 + U1), molasses 25% + urea 3% (M25 + U3), and molasses 25% + urea 5% (M25 + U5) when compared to the other media solution (p < 0.01). In addition, 11 isolated biomass-producing yeasts were found in the media solution of M25 + U1. There were 4 isolates cellulase producing yeasts discovered in the media solution of M25 + U1 and M25 + U5 whereas molasses 5% + urea 1% (M5 + U1), molasses 5% + urea 3% (M5 + U3), molasses 5% + urea 5% (M5 + U5), molasses 15% + urea 1% (M15 + U1), molasses 15% + urea 3% (M5 + U3), and M25 + U3 were found with 2, 3, 1, 2, 1, and 2 isolates, respectively. Ruminal yeast strains H-KKU20, I-KKU20, and C-KKU20 were selected for their ability to produce biomass. Identification of isolates H-KKU20 and I-KKU20 revealed that those isolates belonged to Pichia kudriavzevii-KKU20 and Candida tropicalis-KKU20 while C-KKU20 was identified as Galactomyces sp.-KKU20. Two strains provided maximum cell growth: P. kudriavzevii-KKU20 (9.78 and 10.02 Log cell/mL) and C. tropicalis-KKU20 (9.53 and 9.6 Log cells/mL) at 60 and 72 h of incubation time, respectively. The highest ethanol production was observed in S. cerevisiae at 76.4, 77.8, 78.5, and 78.6 g/L at 36, 48, 60, and 72 h of incubation time, respectively (p < 0.01). The P. kudriavzevii-KKU20 yielded the least reducing sugar at about 30.6 and 29.8 g/L at 60 and 72 h of incubation time, respectively. The screening and isolation of yeasts from rumen fluids resulted in 11 different yeasts being obtained. The potential yeasts discovered in the rumen fluid of cattle were Pichia kudriavzevii-KKU20, Candida tropicalis-KKU20, and Galactomyces sp.-KKU20. P. kudriavzevii-KKU20 had higher results than the other yeasts in terms of biomass production, cellulase enzyme activity, and cell number.

scholarly journals Tolerance of Annual Winter Species to Protoporfirinogen Oxidase Inhibiting Herbicides (Protox)

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. ALVES ◽  
L. GALON ◽  
R.R. KAIZER ◽  
F.L. WINTER ◽  
C.M. HOLZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
F Test ◽  
Tolerant Species ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Linear Regressions

ABSTRACT: The use of plant species for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with herbicides is an alternative that has been emphasized to minimize the effects of the persistence of agrochemicals in the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the tolerance potential of winter species in soils contaminated with sulfentrazone and fomesafen. The experiment was in a completely randomized design with four replications. Doses of fomesafen (0.0, 0.125, 0.250, and 0.5 kg ha-1) and sulfentrazone (0.0, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.2 kg ha-1) were applied during the pre-emergence of phytoremediate species (black oat, vetch, birdsfood trefoil, radish and lupin). Forty five days after the emergence of the species, the phytotoxicity (%), leaf area (cm2), stalk and/or stem diameter (mm), height (cm) and dry matter (g) variables of the plants were evaluated. Data were submitted to analysis of variance by F test; when significant, linear or non linear regressions were applied to evaluate the effect of herbicide doses on the studied species. Birdsfood trefoil was the less tolerant species to fomesafen and sulfentrazone. Black oat was less affected by the application of fomesafen doses, but it was highly susceptible to sulfentrazone. Radish presented tolerance only up to the fomesafen dose of 0.25 kg ha-1; as for sulfentrazone, the species showed tolerance. The most tolerant species to fomesafen and sulfentrazone, regardless of the dose, was the lupine, which is a possible alternative for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with these herbicides.

scholarly journals Infestation of froghopper nymphs changes the amounts of total phenolics in sugarcane

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 543-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael José Navas da Silva ◽  
Eduardo Rossini Guimarães ◽  
José Francisco Garcia ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Machado Botelho ◽  
Maria Inês Tiraboschi Ferro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plant Phenolics ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The increased rate of sugarcane harvest without previous burn has provided a very favorable environment to the froghopper Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stal, 1854), with high moisture and low temperature variation. Few works have studied the response of sugarcane to this pest, so little is known about resistant cultivars. Plant phenolics are widely studied compounds because of their known antiherbivore effect. This research aims to determine if the attack of M. fimbriolata nymphs stimulates the accumulation of total phenolics in sugarcane. The experiment was carried out in greenhouse and arranged in completely randomized design, in a 3 X 2 X 4 factorial with three replications. Second instar nymphs of M. fimbriolata were infested at the following rates: control, 2-4 and 4-8 nymphs per pot (first-second infestations, respectively). Pots were covered with nylon net and monitored daily to isolate the effect of leaf sucking adults. Leaf and root samples were collected and kept frozen in liquid nitrogen until analyses. Infested plants showed higher levels of phenolics in both root and leaf tissues. In roots, the cultivar SP80-1816 accumulated more phenolic compounds in response to the infestation of M. fimbriolata. On the other hand, higher levels were found in leaves and roots of control plants of SP86-42, which might be an indication of a non-preference mechanism. The increase of total phenolics in sugarcane infested with root-sucking froghopper nymphs does not seem to be useful to detect the resistance to this pest.

scholarly journals Analisis Efektifitas Tepung Jamur sebagai Larvasida Aedes aegypti

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Yekki Yasmin ◽  
Lenni Fitri ◽  
Betty Mauliya Bustam
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
The Other ◽  
Biology Department ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This research is about effectivity analysis of two kinds of fungi i.e. Beauveria bassiana and Metharrizium anisopliae as Aedes aegyptilarvacide, it has been conducted at laboratories Zoology in Biology Department, Mathematics and Natural Sciences Faculty, Syiah KualaUniversity. Aims of this research were estimating maximum time storage of fungi powder as effective larvacide and the number of bacteriacolonies were found in water used for experiment. This research was used Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The experiments consistof two factors i.e kind and saving time of fungi. The result show that the longer the storage time of Beauveria bassiana the more ineffectiveit was as larvacide and the least fungi colonies were found. Metharrizium anisopliae on the other hand, the longer it was kept, the moreeffective it was as larvacide and the more fungi colonies were found.

scholarly journals The impact of Caesalpinia sappan L. powder addition on the quality attributes of white and milk chocolates

2021 ◽  
Vol 332 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Elinda Okstaviyani ◽  
Kawiji ◽  
Raden Baskara Katri Anandhito ◽  
Asri Nursiwi ◽  
Dimas Rahadian Aji Muhamnmad
Keyword(s):  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Wood Powder ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Caesalpinia Sappan ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Powder Addition ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Impact

Sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) is a spice that has a high polyphenol content and has the potential to enrich the chocolate taste. This study evaluated the panelists’ acceptance and physical analysis (color and hardness) of white and milk compound chocolate with the addition of Sappan wood powder (0 %, 5%, 10%, 15%) by implementing a completely randomized design (CRD) experiment with one factor. The results showed that the addition of Sappan wood powder could reduce the panelists’ preference at the parameters of color, aroma, taste, texture and overalls. Hence, Panelists preferred white and milk compound chocolate without the addition of Sappan wood powder. Results of the physical analysis showed that the addition of Sappan wood powder decreased the chocolate brightness and increased the chocolate hardness.

scholarly journals Study of antioxidant activity and anti-cholesterol content on red yeast rice with substrates variation (rice, corn and dried cassava)

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
HADI WIYOTO ◽  
M. A.M. ANDRIANI ◽  
NUR HER RIYADI PARNANTO
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Red Yeast Rice ◽  
Red Yeast ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
High Amylose

Wiyoto H, Andriani MAM, Parnanto NHR. 2011. Study of antioxidant activity and anti-cholesterol content on red yeast rice with substrates variation (rice, corn and dried cassava). Biofarmasi 9: 38-44. Red yeast rice is one of fermented rice product by Monascus purpureus. Traditionally, the substrate used to produce red yeast rice is rice. Usually, the rice with high amylose content is proper to produce red yeast rice than low amylose. The other substrates that be used to produce red yeast rice are corn and dried cassava. The purposes of this research were to determine the effect of substrates variation (rice, corn and dried cassava) on antioxidant activity and anti-cholesterol content in red yeast rice, and to determine the substrate(s) that produce the highest antioxidant activity and anticholesterol content. The design of this research was a Completely Randomized Design with one factor, i.e. the kind of substrates: rice, corn and dried cassava, with three replications. Then, the data were analyzed with ANOVA at a level of significance α=0.05, and continued with DMRT at the same level. This results showed that the effect of substrates kind to antioxidant activity and anti-cholesterol content on red yeast rice. The rice substrate had higher antioxidant activity and anti-cholesterol content than corn and dried cassava substrates. The antioxidant activity and the anti-cholesterol content on red yeast rice from rice substrate were 45.6100% and 0.026600%, respectively. The antioxidant activity and the anti-cholesterol content on red yeast rice from corn substrate were 44.0500% and 0.022833%, respectively, while the antioxidant activity and the anti-cholesterol content on red yeast rice from dried cassava substrate were 42.8333% and 0.013200%, respectively.

scholarly journals EMISSÃO DE ÓXIDO NITROSO ASSOCIADO AO USO DE UREIA NO CULTIVO DE MELÃO AMARELO

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 600
Author(s):  
Vanessa Cláudia Vasconcelos Segundo ◽  
Renato Innecco ◽  
Ebenézer De Oliveira Silva
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Root Part ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Brazilian Northeast ◽  
Total Soil Nitrogen

O meloeiro tem grande importância econômica para o Nordeste brasileiro. Entretanto, em seu cultivo utiliza-se insumos que podem prejudicar o ambiente; como, os fertilizantes nitrogenados. Objetivou-se avaliar a emissão de N2O em cultivo de meloeiro amarelo ‘Goldex’. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições. Os tratamentos foram: 0 (controle), 1,0; 1,5 e 2 vezes a quantidade de nitrogênio recomendada para cada estádio. Foi analisado o fluxo de N2O, área foliar, número de folhas, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca dos frutos, massa seca da parte radicular, nitrogênio total do solo, das plantas e N (NH4+ e NO3-) do solo. O fluxo de N2O teve comportamento temporal irregular durante a fase de plântulas e crescente na floração. Os tratamentos afetaram significativamente a área foliar, número de folhas, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca da parte radicular, nitrogênio da parte aérea e parte radicular das plantas e do solo. A aplicação de nitrogênio, em dosagens superiores à recomendada, não aumentou a produção do meloeiro. E o cálculo do fator de emissão mostrou que a emissão do N2O não atingiu valores prejudiciais ao ambiente.Palavras-chave: fator de emissão, efeito estufa e nitrogênio. NITROUS OXIDE EMISSION ASSOCIATED WITH UREA USE THE YELLOW MELON CROP ABSTRACT: The melon has great economic importance for the Brazilian Northeast. However, in its cultivation uses inputs that can harm the environment; Such as nitrogen fertilizers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the emission of N2O in yellow 'Goldex' cultivar. The experiment was installed in a completely randomized design with five replications. The treatments were: 0 (control), 1.0; 1.5 and 2 times the amount of nitrogen recommended for each stage. N2O flux, leaf area, leaf number, shoot dry mass, fruit dry mass, dry mass of the root portion, total soil nitrogen, of the plants and N (NH4 + and NO3 -) of the soil were analyzed. The flow of N2O had irregular temporal behavior during the seedling phase and increased in flowering. The treatments affected significantly the leaf area, number of leaves, dry mass of the aerial part, dry mass of the root part, nitrogen of the aerial part and root part of the plants and the soil. The application of nitrogen, in dosages higher than the recommended one, did not increase the production of the melon. And the calculation of the emission factor showed that the emission of N2O did not reach values harmful to the environment.Keywords: emission fator, greenhouse and nitrogen.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Organik Cair Nasa Dan Pupuk Kompos Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Hairin Juanda ◽  
Tutik Nugrahini ◽  
Mahdalena Mahdalena
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Effect of NASA Liquid Organic Fertilizer and Compost Fertilizer on Kenaf Plant Growth (Hibiscus cannabinus L). This study aims to determine the effect of NASA POC, compost fertilizer and the interaction of NASA POC and compost fertilizer on kenaf plants. This research was carried out at East Borneo Samarinda Indonesia. with a time of ± 4 months, starting from June to September 2016. The design of the study uses factorial completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 2 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment consists of 2 factors. The first factor is the administration of NASA POC consisting of 4 levels, namely: j0: Control (without treatment), j1: POC with a concentration of 10 ml / liter of water, j2: POC with a concentration of 15 ml / liter of water, j3: POC with a concentration of 20 ml / liter of water. The second factor is Compost fertilizer consisting of 4 levels, namely: k0: Without the provision of Compost Fertilizer, k1: Composting 500 gram / polybag, k2: Composting Fertilizer 700 grams / polybag, k3: Composting 800 grams / polybag. From the analysis of variance showed that the effect of giving NASA POC (J), compost (K) and the interaction of NASA POC and compost (JK) did not affect the parameters of plant height 30 DAP, 60 DAP and 90 DAP, stem diameter 30 DAP, 60 DAP and 90 DAP, number of leaves 30 DAP, 60 DAP and 90 DAP, leaf area 30 DAP, 60 DAP and 90 DAP. 

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF BENZYLADENINE (BA) IN THE FORM OF LANOLIN PASTE ON FLOWER-STALK BUDS SUCCESSFULLY INDUCED RE-BLOOMING OF HYBRID Phalaenopsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Mukhaila Iryani ◽  
Yusnita Yusnita ◽  
Dwi Hapsoro ◽  
Kukuh Setiawan ◽  
Agus Karyanto
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Moth Orchid ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Hybrid moth orchid (genus Phalaenopsis) is one of the most popular ornamentals in Indonesia. It has beautiful and long-lasting flowers, but cultivating this orchid is still become a challenging issues due to the need of specific condition to grow and long time period to re-blooming. Plant growth regulators (PGR) (i.e. Benzyladenine (BA)) has been widely documented as a flower-inducing substance in several orchids. However, the optimal concentration and its mechanism in inducing flower-stalk bud and re-blooming is still unclear. This research aimed to study the effects of BA application in the form of lanolin paste on hybrid Phalaenopsis flower-stalk buds. We conducted this study using completely randomized design with four replications at the greenhouse laboratory Faculty of Agriculture University of Lampung on August to December 2018. We divided the orchid into 5 group of BA concentration (0, 1000, 1500, 3000, or 6000 ppm). The sheath of the fourth or fifth buds of the flowers were carefully opened, then it smeared with BA. The percentage of bud break into flower spike or keiki, length of shoots or spike and number of open flowers were recorded until 10 weeks of observation. The results showed that, neither of the buds under the control treatment (without BA), 1000 ppm nor 1500 ppm BA broke and grew into keiki or spike. On the other hand, application of BA at 3000 ppm or 6000 ppm successfully induced 100% flower spikes on the buds treated. No keiki was formed in all buds treated. In addition, treatment of the buds with 6000 ppm BA produced longer flower spikes as well as more open flowers. We conclude that the application of BA (minimal 3000 ppm) successfully induced flower spike of  hybrid Phalaenopsis.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK ORGANIOLEPTIK OTAK-OTAK IKAN YANG DIBERI EDIBLE COATING KARAGINAN DENGAN PENAMBAHAN ASAP CAIR

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Irma Q Bariah ◽  
Siegfried Berhimpon ◽  
Eunike Louisje Mongi
Keyword(s):  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Edible Coating ◽  
The Other ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
New Type ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Edible coating is a new type of packaging made of biopolymer. The advantages of edible coating is enable to protect the food product, the original appearance of the product can be maintained and the product can be eaten as well as environmentally friendly. The study aim was to look at the organoleptic characteristics of fish cake coated with edible coating of carrageenan were given a liquid smoke. The treatments  given were variation of carrageenan concentration i,e. 0%, 1%, 1,5%, 2%, 2,5%, 3%. The experiment was designed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). To determine the effect of treatments, the data were tested using organoleptical tests consists of hedonic and texture.The results shown that hedonic test of the appearance and color of the raw sample have significant effect (p>0,05), while the other test showed no significant effect (p>0,05). However, the organoleptical score for taste, smell and texture shown a tendency that the fish cake coated, have  higher score than without coated. Keywords: Edible coating, Carrageenan, Fish cake, Liquid smoke.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document