scholarly journals “Balkans” in Russian Encyclopedic Dictionaries of First Half of 19th Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 341-355
Author(s):  
K. A. Kasatkin
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Affiliation ◽  
Unpublished Work ◽  
Single Region ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

The ways of representing the Balkan Peninsula that existed in Russia in the first half of the 19th century are analyzed in the article. The sources for the study were encyclopedic dictionaries of the first half of the 19th century. (A.A. Plyushar, L.I. Zeddeler, A.V. Starchevsky), as well as an unpublished work by I.P. Liprandi “The Experience of the Word Interpreter of the Ottoman Empire”. The author argues that for a long time the Balkan Peninsula was not perceived as a single region with a set of historically deter-mined features. Arguments are presented confirming that certain areas of the peninsula were elements of different discourses. The relationship between the choice of a particular register of descriptions by the authors of the dictionaries and the political affiliation of the described regions of the Balkan Peninsula is shown. The relationship between the choice of a particular register of descriptions by the authors of the dictionaries and the political affiliation of the described regions of the Balkan Peninsula is shown. A special attitude of the authors of encyclopedias to Serbia and Greece, the newly formed states on the territory of the Balkan Peninsula, has been established. Examples are given that show the duality of their images in the Russian narrative in the first half of the 19th century.

scholarly journals The Concept of the millet in Turkish dictionaries: Its alteration and the impact on Ottoman Macedonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 171-192
Author(s):  
Maria Pandevska ◽  
Makedonka Mitrova
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Impact

In the 19th century the dictionaries/glossaries represent the first brace which connected different cultures and languages, thus also linking the Orient with the Occident and vice versa. In this context the research is focused on the Turkish dictionaries/glossaries, which for a long time actually represented one of the basic media of transmitting the new Western ideas in the East, and in our case, in the Ottoman Empire. Through the short comparative analyses of these dictionaries/glossaries and their authors (from the 19th century and early 20th century) we follow the change of the cognitive concept of the term millet with the term nation. The case study is focused on Ottoman Macedonia and on the political implications caused by this change of the meaning of the Ottoman term millet.

The Relationship between Trade and Foreign Direct Investment: Testing Ahmed Midhat Efendi's Hypothesis

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-549
Author(s):  
V. Necla Geyikdagi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
The West ◽  
Normative Framework ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Independent Thinking

“Jack of all trades” Ahmed Midhat Efendi, one of the most famous and popular Ottoman writers of the 19th century, ranged widely in his subject matter, which included economics. Although he was criticized for not having a proper education in the field, his independent thinking made him the most important critic of the laissez-faire system that prevailed in the Ottoman Empire. He disapproved of the liberalism transferred from the West in a normative framework.

ESCALAS DE PODER: grupos polá­ticos no Maranhão oitocentista e sua relação com a Corte do Império

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (27) ◽  
pp. 141-161
Author(s):  
YURI COSTA
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Imperial Court ◽  
Political Factions ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
South Of Brazil ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Los Grupos ◽  
Political Groups

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as nuances da relação entre as elites polá­ticas do Maranhão imperial e a Corte instalada no Centro-Sul do paá­s, buscando entender algumas das estratégias utilizadas para que esse tenso relacionamento respeitasse os interesses da Coroa sem deixar de dar vazão a anseios dos grupos polá­ticos locais. Busco, ainda, investigar o cenário polá­tico maranhense da segunda metade do século XIX, que testemunhou uma maior estabilidade no embate entre as facções polá­ticas da prová­ncia, organizadas em torno de dois principais partidos: o Conservador e o Liberal.Palavras-chave:  Maranhão. Século XIX. Grupos polá­ticos. Corte imperial.  SCALES OF POWER:  political groups in Maranhão of nineteenth century and their relationship with the Court of the EmpireAbstract:  the aim of this article is to analyze the nuances of the relationship between the political elites of Maranhão and the Court installed in the Center-South of Brazil, seeking to understand some of the strategies used for this tense relationship complied with the interests of the Crown without help give vent to the desires of the local political groups. I also seek to investigate the political scenario of Maranhão from the second half of the 19th century, which witnessed greater stability in the clash between the political factions in the province, organized around two main parties: the Conservative and the Liberal.Keywords:  Maranhão. The 19th Century. Political groups. Imperial court.  ESCALAS DE PODER: los grupos polá­ticos en Maranhão en el siglo XIX y su relación con la corte del ImperioResumen:  El objetivo de este artá­culo es analizar los matices de la relación entre las élites polá­ticas de Maranhão y la Corte instalada en el Centro-Sur de Brasil, tratando de entender algunas de las estrategias utilizadas para que esta relación tensa respetara los intereses de la Corona sin dejar de dar flujo a los anhelos de los grupos polá­ticos locales. Busco también investigar el escenario polá­tico de Maranhão de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, que ha atestiguado una mayor estabilidad en el enfrentamiento entre las facciones polá­ticas de la provincia, organizadas alrededor de dos principales partidos: el Conservador y el Liberal.Palabras clave: Maranhão. El siglo XIX. Grupos polá­ticos. Corte Imperial.

scholarly journals Diplomatical Relations between the Emirate of Bukhara and Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 1398-1405
Author(s):  
Shodiyeva Shahlo Saliyevna, Ergashev Jahongir Yunus ugli
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Political Cooperation ◽  
The 19Th Century

The following article reconsiders the relations between the emirate of Bukhara and Ottoman Empire in the 19th century also the exchange of ambassadors, includes the political cooperation which served to the bilateral relations of both countries. Also, there is an exchange of discourses on the exchange of correspondence between the emirs of Bukhara and the Sultans of the Ottoman empire.

scholarly journals The Democracy of Nature

Romantik ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertrud Oelsner
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Landscape Art ◽  
Art And Politics ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Democratic Constitution

The close connections between Danish art and politics in the 19<sup>th</sup> century were not limited to the period of the adoption of Denmark’s first democratic constitution and the story years that followed, up to the country’s defeat in the Second Schleswig War in 1864. From around 1800, landscape art became in many ways a mirror of the political situation in the country. The first half of the 19th century offers a wide range of artistic testimonies to the political inclinations and preferences in relation to landscape art. In the words of Jens Juel (1745–1802), C. W. Eckersberg (1783–1853), J. Th. Lundbye (1818-1848), P. C. Skovgaard (1817–1875) and Vilhelm Kyhn (1819-1903), we can make out the emerging contours of a new political and artistic agenda. This article focuses on a number of case studies from the Danish Golden Age that will be used to discuss the relationship between art and politics in this period.

scholarly journals Clashing cultural nationalisms: the 19th-century Danish-German intellectual debate, the Schleswig wars (1848-1864), and some reflections on the cultural roots of National Socialism

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
Francesco La Rocca
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
National Socialism ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cultural Roots ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Effective Contribution

Romantic culture, far from only being an intellectual phenomenon, was a pivotal element in the 19th-century nation-building processes experienced in Europe, and it ended up influencing and being influenced by contemporary political events. The wars waged between Denmark and the German Confederation (1848-1864) are a foremost example of it, as the political claims for the control of the duchies of Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg intertwined with the intellectual polemics between some prominent German scholars (Jacob Grimm, Karl Müllenhoff etc.) who intended to prove the German nature of the duchies’ cultural heritage and of Scandinavian cultures in general, and some Danish intellectuals (Nicolai Grundtvig, Rasmus Rask etc.) who strove to undo what they perceived as a politically-charged cultural aggression. The relevance of the Schleswig Wars and their related intellectual debate is not restricted to 19th-century studies, as some authors of the second half of the 20th century have suggested that the German-Danish intellectual conflict over the heritage of the Old North was actually a prelude to what would eventually be Nazi Germany’s totalitarian ideology. Unfortunately, little has been written so far on the relationship between the Schleswig Wars and the then-contemporary scholarly debate. This article is intended to be an effective contribution in this direction.

scholarly journals Reflexe islámu v kramářských tiscích a kupletech druhé poloviny 19. a začátku 20. století

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 5-42
Author(s):  
Michal Klacek
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Broadside Ballads ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Media ◽  
The 19Th Century

Semi-folk compositions, traditionally referred to as ‘broadside ballads’, can be seen as a distinct work of art but also as a specific type of historical source. The authors of the ballads reacted, among other things, to events in the Ottoman Empire in the second half of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century. For a long time, they maintained entrenched stereotypes based on the opposition between Christianity and Islam. ‘Turks’ (a synonym for Muslims) were traditionally regarded as pagans and tyrants, oppressors of subjugated Christians. During the Great Eastern Crisis and the Russo-Turkish War (1875–1878), this stereotype was, in some songs, first enriched with the motif of a Slavic hero. The same theme was later developed by the authors of satirical songs, called ‘couplets’. Broadside ballads and couplets with a Turkish subject reflect their authors’ views, more or less influenced by the media of the time. Thanks to journalists and publicists, and to some extent also the authors of the songs, the struggle of the Slavs for freedom was perceived positively in the Czech environment. In the spirit of the Slavophile idea, members of the Balkan peoples were long regarded as ‘Slavic brothers’ and the Russian tsar was hailed as their liberator.

scholarly journals Les voyages de savants en Europe et le développment des Idées géographiques dans le Portugal du XIXe siècle

Finisterra ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (65) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Dévy-Vareta
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Geographic Thought ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Forest Science ◽  
Xixe Siecle ◽  
Modern Geography ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

SCIENTIFIC TRAVELS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF GEOGRAPHICAL IDEAS IN PORTUGAL DURING THE 19TH CENTURY - The main goal of this paper is to establish the relationship between scientists movements, the circulation of ideas and the appearance of some basic works for modern Portuguese geography, around 1870. The break between a purely descriptive geography and modern geography is traditionally situated in the 1870's. Perhaps it was prepared by the contacts established inside Europe between scientists. It seems that natural sciences, agronomy and forest science had leading roles in this process. On this subject, we will try to explore the official missions and the stay of portuguese students in Northern Europe. This way, we will be able to trace the contribution of the ideas of Bernardino de Barros Gomes, who contributed towards the development of geographic thought a long time before geography became a University institution.

The Germans and their Jewish Neighbors on the Ukrainian Areas at the Second Half of the 19th Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
D. Meshkov
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
South West ◽  
Multiethnic Population ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents some of the author’s research results that has got while elaboration of the theme “Everyday life in the mirror of conflicts: Germans and their neighbors on the Southern and South-West periphery of the Russian Empire 1861–1914”. The relationship between Germans and Jews is studied in the context of the growing confrontation in Southern cities that resulted in a wave of pogroms. Sources are information provided by the police and court archival funds. The German colonists Ludwig Koenig and Alexandra Kirchner (the resident of Odessa) were involved into Odessa pogrom (1871), in particular. While Koenig with other rioters was arrested by the police, Kirchner led a crowd of rioters to the shop of her Jewish neighbor, whom she had a conflict with. The second part of the article is devoted to the analyses of unty-Jewish violence causes and history in Ak-Kerman at the second half of the 19th and early years of 20th centuries. Akkerman was one of the southern Bessarabia cities, where multiethnic population, including the Jews, grew rapidly. It was one of the reasons of the pogroms in 1865 and 1905. The author uses criminal cases` papers to analyze the reasons of the Germans participation in the civilian squads that had been organized to protect the population and their property in Ackerman and Shabo in 1905.

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