scholarly journals Stress Induced Physiological Alteration of Leaf Relative Water Content, Leaf Proline and Yield of Cotton under Rainfed Agro Ecosystem

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
A. Mohammed Ashraf et al., A. Mohammed Ashraf et al., ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content ◽  
Physiological Alteration

scholarly journals STUDY OF IMPACT OF AIR POLLUTION ON PLANTS BY ESTIMATION OF APTI OF CERTAIN TREES IN KATRAJ AREA IN PUNE CITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Erum F H Kazi ◽  
Dr. Satish Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Mango Tree ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content

Air pollution is one of major concerns in Pune City currently. Study highlights increase in Particulate matter from Vehicular sources & Urbanization in Karaj area is having harmful impact on the trees in the area. Leaf of Plant species such as Peepal( Ficusreligiosa),, Tamarind(Tamarindusindica), Rain tree( Samaneasaman), Ashoka( Saracaasoca), Manago( Mangiferaindica), Almond( Terminaliacatappa) , Banyan tree(Ficusbenghalensis) were selected and it was found that Ashoka( Saracaasoca), Mango tree( Mangiferaindica) showed Intermediate APTI whereas Peepal, Tamarind, Rain tree, Almond, Banyan tree were found to be Sensitive to pollution. KEYWORDS: Air Pollutants, APTI of plants, Total Chlorophyll, Ascorbic acid, p H of leaf, Relative water Content ( RWC)

Water Stressed Nodal Roots of Wheat: Effects on Leaf Growth

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Volkmar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Seminal Root ◽  
Nodal Roots ◽  
Nodal Root ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Seminal Roots ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content

This experiment as undertaken to determine the efects of soil drying around the nodal and/or seminal root systems on the shoot growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Two split-root experiments were conducted, the first on newly emerged nodal roots of 18-day-old wheat plants, the second on 25-day-old plants. In both experiments, nodal and seminal roots were isolated from one another and water was withheld from either the nodal root chamber, the seminal root chamber, or both, over 6 days. In the first experiment, leaf growth was unaffected by withholding water from very short nodal roots, even though leaf relative water content of the droughted plants decreased. By comparison, both leaf elongation rate and relative water content decreased by withholding water from the seminal roots. On plants that were 1 week older, leaf growth rate and leaf relative water content decreased when nodal roots were drought-stressed. Leaf growth rate of seminal root droughted plants was more impaired than their nodal root counterparts, even though leaf relative water contents of the two treatments were the same. In both experiments, drought stress applied to the nodal root system enhanced nodal root growth more than seminal roots. These results suggest that seminal and nodal roots perceive and respond to drought stress differently with respect to the nature of the message conveyed to the shoots.

scholarly journals Changes in plant growth, leaf relative water content and physiological traits in response to salt stress in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 12049
Author(s):  
Tekam L. MEGUEKAM ◽  
Dany P. MOUALEU ◽  
Victor D. TAFFOUO ◽  
Hartmut STÜTZEL
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content

Salinity is the main environmental factor accountable for decreasing crop productivity worldwide. The effects of NaCl salinity on plant growth (leaf relative water content (RWC), leaf dry weight (LDW), shoot length (SL), number of leaves (NL), number of branches (NB) and total leaf area (TLA) and physiological characteristics (stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (TR), net photosynthetic (Pn), yield of photosystem II (ΦPsII) and the intercellular CO2 concentration (CO2int) in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties (‘Vanda’, ‘P244601’ and ‘Pl184948’, widely used in Cameroon, Tanzania and Ghana, respectively, were investigated under hydroponic condition. Plants were subjected to four levels of NaCl (0, 40, 80 and 120 mM) at early seedling growth stage of plant development. Application of NaCl treatment led to a significant decrease in LDW, SL, NL, TLA, Pn, gs, TR and CO2int concentration of ‘Vanda’ and ‘P244601’ compared to untreated plants while the plant growth inhibition was notably noted at 120 mM NaCl in ‘P1184948’ for LDW, SL and NB. The highest depressive effect was detected in gs of salt-sensitive ‘Vanda’ while the lowest were recorded in gs of salt-tolerant ‘P1184948’ at high salinity level. Enhanced NaCl concentrations led to a significant increase in ΦPSII of ‘P1184948’ compared to ‘Vanda’, ‘P244601’ and untreated plants. Leaf CHL content was significantly increased in moderately-tolerant ‘‘P244601’ and salt-tolerant ‘P1184948’ at 80 mM NaCl compared to salt sensitive ‘Vanda’ and untreated plants. The depressive effect of salt on RWC was recorded at 120 mM NaCl in peanut leaves of all varieties. Under salt stress ‘P1184948’ was observed to have relatively higher tolerance on average of all growth and physiological traits than ‘Vanda’ and P244601’ suggesting that it could be grown in salt-affected soils.

scholarly journals Effects of Duration and Temperature in Simulated Dark Shipping on the Subsequent Performance of the Nobile-type Dendrobiums

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-221
Author(s):  
Ariningsun P. Cinantya ◽  
Fure-Chyi Chen ◽  
Yao-Chien Alex Chang
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content ◽  
Time Required

The popularity of the nobile-type dendrobium (Dendrobium nobile hybrids) has been increasing globally. More information regarding the effects of long-distance shipping, from producing countries to destination market countries, on the post-shipping plant performance is needed. In this study, two nobile-type dendrobium cultivars were subjected to simulated dark shipping (SDS) at various temperatures and durations. Changes in net CO2 uptake rate (Pn), chlorophyll fluorescence, and leaf relative water content after plants had been treated with SDS were investigated. Furthermore, shipped plants were vernalized to investigate the effect of dark shipping on the subsequent flowering quality. Dark shipping for 7 days at 15 °C did not affect the post-shipping photosynthetic performance of D. Lan Tarn Beauty. Increasing the shipping duration from 7 to 21 days increased the time required for Pn recovery from 1 to 12 days. Dendrobium Lan Tarn Beauty recovered its Pn within 4 days when shipped for 21 days at 10 °C, and this was prolonged to 11 days when the plants were shipped at 20 °C. Changes in Fv/Fm indicated that there was no marked damage to either cultivars, and the leaf relative water content was little affected by SDS. Dendrobium Lan Tarn Beauty and D. Lucky Girl shipped at 10 °C flowered 5 and 8 days earlier, respectively, compared with unshipped plants. Regardless of the shipping conditions, shipped D. Lucky Girl had a lower flower diameter and higher total flower count than unshipped plants. No differences were found in the number of nodes with flowers or the total flower count between shipped and unshipped D. Lan Tarn Beauty. Our study suggested that dark shipping for up to 21 days is possible for nobile-type dendrobiums. We recommend shipping temperatures of 10 to 15 °C to reduce the detrimental effects caused by long-term dark shipping.

scholarly journals Hasil, Kualitas Fisik Polong dan Biji Beberapa Genotipe Kacang Tanah menurut Ragam Lengas Tanah pada Fase Generatif

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustina Asri Rahmianna ◽  
Dan Joko Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content ◽  
Generative Stage

Drought stress during generative stage affected pod yield, yield components, seed and pod qualities of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The reseach was carried out to assess the effect of drought stress at various soil water availabilities during generative stage on pod yield, pod and seed physical qualities. The experiment was conducted at Muneng Experimental Farm, Probolinggo District during July-October 2012. Five genotypes were arranged in a RCB design, with 3 replicates. The replications were nested into four treatments of soil water availability (0-100, 0-85, 0-70,0-55 days after sowing/DAS). The pods were harvested at 102 days after sowing. The result showed that the shorter the water availability, the lower the leaf relative water content, pod and seed water contents, number of mature pods, seed size, and intact seeds weight. Pod yield reduced when water was available upto 55 DAS only. Turangga variety had the highest pod yield (1.626 ton ha-1) with low pod and seed physical qualities. GH-51 yielded in 1.076 ton ha-1 with superior pod and seed physical qualities. Despite of its lowest pod yield (0.964 ton ha-1), J-11 produced the same pod and seed physical qualities as GH 51 did. ICGV 86590 was superior on its pod yield (1.338 ton ha-1) with low pod and seed physical qualities. Kancil variety did not perform any superiority.<br /><br />Keywords: intact seeds, leaf relative water content, pod moisture content, seed moisture content

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE LEAF WATER STATUS OF BARLEY AND SOIL WATER

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
AGUSTIN A. MILLAR ◽  
MURRAY E. DUYSEN ◽  
ENOCH B. NORUM
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Soil Suction ◽  
Soil Matric Potential ◽  
Pressure Potential ◽  
Matric Potential ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content

Total water potential of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves from plants grown under greenhouse and growth chamber conditions was divided into pressure and osmotic potential components, and their relationship to leaf relative water content was determined. Pressure potential approached zero at a water potential of about −32 bars, and a relative water content of about 65%. A change in the elasticity of leaves occurred at about 2 bars pressure potential and about −12 bars water potential. First visible wilting was observed between 75 and 80% relative water content. Transpiration decreased as leaf relative water content decreased but transpiration was independent of soil water content until about 16% (0.6 bar soil suction). First visible wilting of barley leaves was observed at soil water content between 9 and 13% (1–5 bars soil suction). Water potential and leaf relative water content decreased as the soil matric potential decreased. There was a shift to lower relative water content and water potential values as plants became older when the soil matric potential decreased.

scholarly journals Reliability of leaf relative water content (RWC) measurements after storage: consequences for in situ measurements

Botany ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. 535-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fallon M. Tanentzap ◽  
Alexandra Stempel ◽  
Peter Ryser
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Duration Of Storage ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content ◽  
Species Specific

Relative water content (RWC) is widely used to describe plant water status, and is commonly measured gravimetrically. The ephemeral nature of leaf fresh mass poses severe constraints for such measurements in field-grown plants. These constraints can be overcome by transporting the leaves in waterproof containers into the lab. However, even then, leaves lose water, and other changes may happen. The effects of a delay on the measurement of RWC have not been quantified so far. In this study, the influence of duration of storage up to 96 h and storage temperature on RWC and its components was investigated for four species. Alnus incana subsp. rugosa (Du Roi) R.T. Clausen, Impatiens capensis Meerb., and Scirpus microcarpus J.Presl & C.Presl leaves were stored in plastic bags, whereas those of Comptonia peregrina (L.) J.M.Coult. were stored in plastic vials. RWC remained within 5% of the initial value during 24 h cool storage, but after that, larger changes were observed. The effects of storage were species specific, being most pronounced in species poorly protected against desiccation, and under warm conditions. The effects of storage were not only limited to water loss, but also included cellular degradation. In general, storage at 10 °C for 24 h enables measurement of RWC for field-grown plants with accuracy of a few percent, but care has to be taken with species vulnerable to desiccation, possibly requiring faster measurement and a cooler storage temperature.

scholarly journals Επίδραση του είδους και του βάθους του υποστρώµατος στην εγκατάσταση, ανάπτυξη και αντοχή στην υδατική καταπόνηση χλοοταπήτων που προορίζονται για τη φυτοκάλυψη κτιρίων εντός του αστικού τοπίου

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Νικόλαος Ντούλας
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Zoysia Matrella ◽  
Paspalum Vaginatum ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content

Η εγκατάσταση φυτεµένων δωµάτων εκτατικού τύπου προσφέρει µια βιώσιµηλύση για την αύξηση του αστικού πρασίνου στον ήδη πυκνοδοµηµένο αστικό ιστό.Όµως, η µειωµένη δυνατότητα πρόσβασης και δηµιουργίας χρηστικού υπαίθριουχώρου σε αυτού του τύπου τα φυτοδώµατα δρα αποτρεπτικά στη µαζική κατασκευήτους. Η εγκατάσταση χλοοταπήτων µπορεί να προσφέρει µία πιθανή διέξοδο στονπαραπάνω προβληµατισµό.Στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή διερευνήθηκε για πρώτη φορά ηδυνατότητα χρήσης των θερµόφιλων ειδών χλοοτάπητα Zoysia matrella [L.] Merr.‘Zeon’ και Paspalum vaginatum ‘Platinum TE’ σε εκτατικού τύπου φυτεµέναδώµατα και προσδιορίστηκαν οι προϋποθέσεις προκειµένου να υπάρξει βιώσιµηανάπτυξη αυτών στην Μεσογειακή ζώνη, εστιάζοντας στον τύπο και το βάθος τουυποστρώµατος καθώς και στην αντοχή τους σε συνθήκες υδατικής καταπόνησης.Προκειµένου να αξιολογηθεί η επίδραση του τύπου και του βάθους τουυποστρώµατος εκτατικού φυτοδώµατος καθώς και του επιπέδου άρδευσης στηνεγκατάσταση, ανάπτυξη και αντοχή στην υδατική καταπόνηση των επιλεγµένωνειδών χλοοτάπητα πραγµατοποιήθηκαν συνολικά 3 µελέτες αγρού όπουεξοµοιώθηκαν συνθήκες φυτοδώµατος, ενώ πραγµατοποιήθηκε και µία µελέτη σεπραγµατικό δώµα κτιρίου.Για τις ανάγκες των επί µέρους µελετών κατασκευάστηκαν συνολικά έξιυποστρώµατα εκτατικών φυτοδωµάτων προερχόµενα από την ανάµιξη υλικώνδιαθέσιµων στην τοπική αγορά και πιο συγκεκριµένα αµµοπηλώδες έδαφος (S),ελαφρόπετρα (Pum), περλίτης (Per), ζεόλιθος (Ζ), τύρφη (P) και κοµπόστ (C) σεκατ’ όγκο αναλογίες όπως αυτές υποδεικνύονται από τους αντίστοιχους δείκτες:S15:Pum60:P20:Z5, S15:Pum60:C20:Z5, S30:Pum40:P20:Z10, S30:Pum40:C20:Z10,S15:Pum40:Per20:P20:Z5 και S15:Pum40:Per20:C20:Z5, ενώ αξιολογήθηκε και έναεµπορικό υπόστρωµα, του οποίου η σύνθεση βασιζόταν στο θραυστό κεραµίδι.Η αξιολόγηση των υποστρωµάτων πραγµατοποιήθηκε µέσω του καθορισµούτων φυσικών και χηµικών ιδιοτήτων τους όπως η κοκκοµετρία, το ξηρό βάρος καιτο βάρος στον κορεσµό, το ολικό πορώδες, οι χαρακτηριστικές καµπύλες υγρασίας,ο προσδιορισµός της in situ υγρασίας, το pΗ, η ηλεκτρική αγωγιµότητα και ηπεριεκτικότητα σε θρεπτικά συστατικά.Για τη διερεύνηση της επίδρασης των διαφόρων υπό µελέτη παραγόντων,προσδιορίστηκε η οπτική ποιότητα και η φυσιολογική κατάσταση των χλοοταπήτωνµέσω του προσδιορισµού του ποσοστού της εδαφοκάλυψης από πράσινα φυτικά τµήµατα του χλοοτάπητα (GTC, Green Turf Cover), του κανονικοποιηµένου δείκτηβλάστησης (NDVI, Normalized Difference Vegetatιοn Index), της στοµατικήςαντίστασης (LSR, Leaf Stomatal Resistance) και του σχετικού υδατικού δυναµικού(RWC, Leaf Relative Water Content) των φύλλων του χλοοτάπητα.Επιπλέον, προκειµένου να υπάρξει ακριβής προσδιορισµός της υγρασίας τωνυποστρωµάτων που χρησιµοποιήθηκαν στις διάφορες µελέτες της διατριβής,αναπτύχθηκαν κατάλληλες εξισώσεις βαθµονόµησης για δύο διαφορετικούςδιηλεκτρικούς αισθητήρες, τον WET-2 (Delta-T devices) και τον TDR300 (SpectrumTechnologies), ενώ παράλληλα προσδιορίστηκε και η επίδραση της ηλεκτρικήςαγωγιµότητας στην ακρίβεια µέτρησης της υγρασίας. ∆ιαπιστώθηκε ότι για τη λήψηαξιόπιστων µετρήσεων της υγρασίας σε χονδρόκοκκα υποστρώµατα φυτεµένωνδωµάτων εκτατικού τύπου απαιτείται και για τους δύο αισθητήρες η χρήσηξεχωριστών ειδικών εξισώσεων βαθµονόµησης για κάθε υπόστρωµα.Αναφορικά µε τα υποστρώµατα τα οποία δοκιµάστηκαν, διαπιστώθηκε πωςόλα εµπίπτουν στις κατευθυντήριες οδηγίες FLL για την κατασκευή εκτατικώνφυτεµένων δωµάτων. Κατά τη διάρκεια των περιόδων υδατικής καταπόνησης ταυποστρώµατα τα οποία περιείχαν τύρφη στη σύνθεσή τους (S15:Pum60:P20:Z5,S15:Pum40:Per20:P20:Z5 και S30:Pum40:P20:Z10) παρουσίασαν τη µικρότερη καταπόνησηκαι για τα δύο είδη χλοοτάπητα, λόγω της µεγαλύτερης ικανότητας συγκράτησηςτης υγρασίας και της µικρότερης ανάπτυξης της φυλλικής επιφάνειας σταυποστρώµατα αυτά. Αντίθετα, κατά τις περιόδους εφαρµογής επαρκούς άρδευσης,τα υποστρώµατα τα οποία περιείχαν κοµπόστ στη σύνθεσή τους (S15:Pum60:C20:Z5,S15:Pum40:Per20:C20:Z5 και S30:Pum40:C20:Z10) βελτίωσαν σηµαντικά την ανάπτυξη τωνδύο γρασιδιών λόγω της αυξηµένης περιεκτικότητάς τους σε θρεπτικά στοιχεία.Η αύξηση του βάθους του υποστρώµατος από 7,5 cm σε 15 cm βελτίωσεσηµαντικά την εγκατάσταση, ανάπτυξη, την αντοχή στην υδατική καταπόνηση καιτην επαναφορά µετά από υδατική καταπόνηση ή λήθαργο και στα δύο είδηχλοοτάπητα επιβεβαιώνοντας το γεγονός ότι το βάθος υποστρώµατος αποτελεί έναναπό τους σηµαντικότερους παράγοντες που επιδρούν στην επιτυχία και τηβιωσιµότητα ενός εκτατικού φυτεµένου δώµατος.Μέσω συσχέτισης της υγρασίας του υποστρώµατος και της εδαφοκάλυψης τωνδύο ειδών χλοοτάπητα διαπιστώθηκε ότι προκειµένου να διατηρείται η οπτικήποιότητα του Z. matrella στα ελάχιστα αποδεκτά επίπεδα, θα πρέπει η υγρασία τουυποστρώµατος να κυµαίνεται από 13% έως 19%, ενώ στην περίπτωση του P.vaginatum θα πρέπει η υγρασία του υποστρώµατος να κυµαίνεται από 23% έως 28%.

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