scholarly journals On Some Features of the Formation and Development of Literatures of the Peoples of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
Alla Sheshken ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Consistent Pattern ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Common Features ◽  
European Literature ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Literature History ◽  
National Languages

Literatures of the peoples of Russia represent an interliterary community that has historically arisen and maintained its dynamic enrichment. The formation and development of these literatures has a number of common features that show the consistent pattern of this process. Literatures on national languages are characterized by irregularity of its development. Moreover, the European literature history can explain the peculiarities of this phenomenon and show that this uneven and intermittent development is essentially a part of a standard growth. Literatures of peoples of Russia at a certain stage entered the period of enrichment assimilating freely the traditions of Russian Literature and World Literature. One of the most important roles for this process was played by literary translation. Numerous features were showed by national literatures, the formation of genres, distinctive national characters, expressive possibilities of national languages, writers, and their artwork which made a national fund of literature. Folklore and national culture made a huge impact in comprehending process as well.

Definitions and concepts of reproductive biology of diatoms (terminological glossary)

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 71-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Davidovich
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Key Terms

The absence of a conceptual terminology, sufficiently developed and widely accepted in the Russian literature, significantly hinders progress in the field of reproductive biology of diatoms, restricts communication and debate, prevents training and transfer of knowledge. The present work is an attempt, based on world literature and our own research experience, to summarize, systematize, add, and clarify the existing terms, concepts and definitions related to research which are focused on sex and sexual reproduction in diatoms. A glossary of key terms (more than 200, including synonyms) is provided. Terms refer to diatom reproductive biology, life cycles, fertilization, mating system, gender (including inheritance and determination of sex, as well as inheritance associated with sex). Contradictions between possible interpretations of certain terms are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Dimensions of national cultures and organisational behaviour

Kultura ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 323-345
Author(s):  
Gordana Đuretić ◽  
Nevena Krasulja
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
National Cultures ◽  
Entrepreneurial Behaviour ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Organisational Behaviour ◽  
Main Support ◽  
Very High

The main goal of this paper is to point out that the dimensions of national cultures have a huge impact on different aspects of organisational behaviour. The main support in the work is Hofstede's five-dimensional cultural model. The authors pay special attention to the dimensions of power distance and uncertainty avoidance. When both of indexes are high at the level of national culture, organizational climate will have some special features such as high hierarchical pyramids, centralised decision making, and autocratic behaviour of managers, negative attitudes towards work, stress and lack of entrepreneurial behaviour. Also, special interest in this topic results from the fact that both of these dimensions in Serbia are very high.

scholarly journals LANGUAGE IS ONE OF THE FACTORS OF PRESERVING THE PEOPLE'S CULTURE

Kavkaz-forum ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Л.К. ХУЖЕВА
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
The People ◽  
Language Problems ◽  
National Languages

В статье поднимается актуальный вопрос о сохранении и развитии национальных языков в условиях глобализации и модернизации современного общества. Язык как один из главных факторов сохранения культурного наследия народа должен иметь поддержку со стороны государства. Главной нашей целью является поиск путей оптимального соединения традиционной культуры, ментальности народов и их языков с универсальными интересами процессов модернизации в современном обществе. Выявлены причины беспокойства разных специалистов по вопросу сохранения и развития, как национальных языков, так и национальной культуры. Предложены способы решения возникших языковых проблем, влиявших на их жизнеспособность. Так как язык является частью культуры народа, то важно при обучении родному языку вести обучение элементам культуры своего народа, которое предполагает ознакомление детей с культурой народа-носителя изучаемого языка, с особенностями быта, образа жизни, истории, традиций, обычаев, правил поведения и других ценностей. Наша задача, объединив усилия, привить детям любовь к своему народу, родному слову, народным традициям, всем тем духовным ценностям, накопленным народом из поколения в поколение, не допустить исчезновения родных языков, сохранить больше исконных слов родного языка, развивать свои традиции, обычаи и свой родной язык для будущих поколений. Начиная с детского садика, начальных классов школы, необходимо знакомить детей с историей, культурой своего народа. Они должны изучать свой родной язык, знать свою родословную. Обучение необходимо начинать с детского возраста потому, что дети легче воспринимают услышанное, увиденное. Только при такой системе обучения и воспитания дети вырастут полноценными и интеллектуальными людьми, способными внести свою лепту в национальную культуру. The article raises an urgent question about the preservation and development of national languages in the context of globalization and modernization of the modern society. Language as one of the main factors in preserving the cultural heritage of the people should gain the state support. Our main goal is to find ways to optimally combine traditional culture, the mentality of peoples and their languages with the universal interests of modernization processes in modern society. The reasons for the concern of various experts on the preservation and development of both national languages and national culture are revealed. This article suggests ways to solve the language problems that have affected viability of the languages. Since language is part of culture, it is important to teach elements of the culture when teaching the native language, which involves familiarizing children with the culture of the people carrier of the language, the peculiarities of customs, lifestyles, history, traditions, customs, rules of conduct and other values. Our task is through joint work to instill in children love of their people, of their mother tongue, national traditions, all those spiritual values accumulated by the people from generation to generation, to prevent the disappearance of native languages, to preserve more native word of the native language, develop their traditions, customs and their native language for future generations. Starting from kindergarten and primary school, it is necessary to introduce children to the history and culture of their people. They must learn their native language and know their ancestry. It is necessary to start learning from childhood because children perceive what they hear and see more easily. Only within such system of education and upbringing will children grow up to be full-fledged and intelligent people who can contribute to the treasury of their national culture.

scholarly journals The value of the national language of science (part no. 1)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-208
Author(s):  
Oleg A. Donskikh
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
National Language ◽  
Greek Language ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Language Of Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
National Languages ◽  
Fully Functioning ◽  
Science Part

The article examines the history of the formation of several languages of science – Ancient Greek, Sanskrit, Arabic and Latin - relating to the material of four languages and corresponding cultures. Several considerations are given in favor of the need to preserve the national languages of science. The stages of formation of languages of science in the system of culture are traced. There are two types of languages that are used by scientific communities: 1) languages that are rooted in the national culture and remain firmly linked with the natural language community; 2) languages that are reserved for performing a certain function, while in parallel, national languages are fully functioning in society. The first type includes the Greek and Arabic, the scientific languages of the second type are Sanskrit and Latin. The key role of the humanitarian, in particular poetic, philological and philosophical culture for the formation of the language of science is shown. Based on the material of the Ancient Greek language, the stages of its development over several centuries are traced, which resulted in such linguistic tools that allowed not only to use abstract conceptual concepts, but also to organize the vocabulary hierarchically, and this as a result allowed to form any needed generic chains. The importance of the appearance of impersonal texts that comes with collections of written documents alienated from a particular teacher is emphasized.

Personocentrism in classical Russian literature of the XIX century. Dialectics of Artistic Consciousness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Andreev
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Cultural Identification ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Cultural Code ◽  
Eugene Onegin ◽  
Xix Century

The monograph is devoted to the study of the brightest phenomenon of the world art culture — Russian literature of the "golden age", which was formed as an aristocratic, personocentric literature. Russian Russian literature began to realize its "cultural code", its purpose, which was close to it in spirit; moreover, it unconsciously formed a program for its development, immediately finding its "gold mine": elitist personocentrism as a highly promising vector of culture, which became a decisive factor in the world recognition of Russian literature. The end-to-end plot of the book was the spiritual biography of the" extra person", a person, a personality. The author suggests that the starting point in the Russian cultural identification of the modern type is "Eugene Onegin" by A. S. Pushkin. This novel in verse, which embodied the type of "superfluous", determined not only the specifics and strategy of the development of Russian literature (which is proved by the analysis of the key classical works of the XIX century-from Griboyedov to Chekhov); in fact, it formed a program for the development of modern world literature. For specialists in literature, teachers and students of philological faculties of universities. It will also be useful for cultural scientists, specialists in literary and artistic creativity.

Domestic Appropriation of Chinese Literature in Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Shunqing Cao ◽  
Zhoukun Han
Keyword(s):  
Literary Theory ◽  
Chinese Literature ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Local Theory ◽  
Cultural Transfer ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
European Literature ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Part ◽  
Cultural Rules

In this article, it is argued that in the process of cultural transfer, literary translation and reception, the recipient will often transform the cultural rules and literary discourse in the original texts to make them fit the rules and discourse of the recipient reader/audience to target the taste of new readers. This phenomenon, which we call literary ‘domestic appropriation’, is a kind of transformation on a deeper level. Domestic appropriation is what can we get from literary variation, and it is the core part of variation studies. In cultural and literary exchange and dialogue between Chinese and European cultures, it occurs in both literary works and literary theory. History has witnessed how Chinese literary works are translated and introduced to Europe, in the process becoming an integral part of the canon of European literature. Chinese literary theory, when interpreted by European theorists, blends with local theory and furnishes new perspectives.

Es war mir ein Anliegen, das Geheimnis nicht zu lüften Sieben Formen von Unübersetzbarkeit in Ilija Trojanows Der Weltensammler

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-100
Author(s):  
Martina Schwalm
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Third Space ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
The Novel

Abstract This article discusses the thesis, developed in Emily Apter’s Against World Literature (2013), on the limits of literary translation, using the example of Ilija Trojanow’s Der Weltensammler (2006). The tension between the multilingual worlds of experience in the novel and the seemingly dominant literary monolingualism of the first German publication is addressed in the novel itself as a problem of untranslatability. On the textual level, the novel refuses to be translatable and takes its refuge in Bhabha’s Third Space, »which makes the structure of meaning and reference an ambivalent process, destroys this mirror of representation in which cultural knowledge is continuously as an integrated, open, expanding code.« I will reveal seven forms of untranslatability that simultaneously open up different interpretive perspectives. In reference to Emily Apter’s monography, untranslatability will be decoded as a textual precondition, and hybridity will be seen as the fundament on which world literature is based upon.

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