scholarly journals Conflict transformation and collaboration in developing social forestry in Flores, Indonesia

2022 ◽  
pp. 40-66
Author(s):  
Prudensius Maring
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Conflict Transformation ◽  
Social Forestry ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Forest Sustainability ◽  
Forest Tenure ◽  
The Government ◽  
Forestry Programs

Social movements to realize forest tenure reforms have been ongoing since the 1970s, particularly through policies under the broad umbrella of social forestry. In Indonesia, social forestry programs  are initiated by the government, communities, NGOs, academics, companies, and donors, and are based on specific socio-economic and ecological interests. Weak synergies, however between programmatic implementation and stakeholder interests, triggers various forest tenure conflicts. The research examines the complexity of these conflicts, namely focusing around the approaches to conflict transformation that can lead to collaboration in realizing forest sustainability that also support interests of people living in and around forests. I employed  a qualitative approach by   collecting data through  in-depth interviews and participatory observations in Flores in 2017 and 2020. The results show that forest tenure conflicts have occurred since the 1970s due to state forest territorialization. Conflicts culminated in the determination of state forest area boundaries through the 1984 state program entitled the “consensus-based forest land use planning” initiative. Until 2008, efforts to resolve conflicts by offering the community access rights through  community forestry programs   initiated by the government were rejected by NGOs and the local community.  NGOs facilitated communities to  demand the return of state forest land as  customary forest. This conflict presented the opportunity to facilitate multi-stakeholder forestry programs through a conflict transformation approach by building long-term stakeholder collaboration. Since 2010, the collaboration between stakeholders  took place through the community forest  program. This study shows  the need for more direct attention to studying conflict resolution under an integrated and long-term approach to conflict transformation and collaboration. Pragmatically,  this study shows the importance of integrated social forestry policies that synergize various schemes initiated by stakeholders to realize forest sustainability and support local community interests.

scholarly journals Why do greater forest tenure rights not enthuse local communities? An early observation on the new community forestry scheme in state forests in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Arsad Ragandhi ◽  
Agus Heruanto Hadna ◽  
Setiadi Setiadi ◽  
Ahmad Maryudi
Keyword(s):  
Community Forestry ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Early Observation ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Social Forestry ◽  
Forest Tenure ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Community

The Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry recently issued a 35-year permit-based social forestry, called Izin Pemanfaatan Hutan Perhutanan Sosial (IPHPS), which was implemented in forestlands managed by the State Forest Corporation (SFC). IPHPS is a unique scheme because social forestry permits were previously granted on forestland unencumbered with rights. It provides more secure tenure rights (long-term permits), greater decision-making authority, and improved profit-sharing arrangements compared with the SFC’s co-management model. However, IPHPS has not attracted widespread interest from local communities. This paper aims to identify and to analyse factors that explain local communities’ low interest in the policy. Results show that local communities have not been attracted by the scheme because it requires them to undertake substantial investments in reforestation and make several payments to the government beyond their means. This paper highlights the specific challenges related to access mechanisms and benefits to local communities from the granted rights. Lastly, local communities were prone to manipulative persuasion by the SFC to continue the co-management model.

Port Hope Area Initiative

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Brown ◽  
David McCauley
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Local Participation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Term Management

The Port Hope Area Initiative involves a process that will lead to the cleanup of low-level radioactive wastes in two communities in Southern Ontario and the construction of three new long-term waste management facilities in those communities. The history of the Initiative provides important insights into local participation and the successes and failures of siting efforts. The wastes resulted from the operations of an industrial process in Port Hope that began in the 1930s. Initially, wastes (contaminated with radium, uranium, and arsenic) from radium processing were deposited in a relatively uncontrolled manner at various locations within the town. By the 1940s, uranium processing wastes were deposited at nearby purpose-built radioactive waste management facilities. The problem of contamination was first recognized in 1974 and the worst cases quickly cleaned up. However, large volumes of contamination remained in the community. There were three successive efforts to develop an approach to deal with the area’s contamination. In the early to mid 1980s, a standard approach was employed; i.e. indentifying the most technically appropriate local site for a disposal facility, proceeding to evaluate that site, and communicating the benefits of the chosen approach to the local community. That approach was resoundingly rejected by local citizens and government representatives. The second effort, an innovative and consultative voluntary siting effort carried out during the late-1980s and early to mid-1990s involved the solicitation of other municipalities to volunteer to host a facility for the disposal of the Port Hope areas wastes. That effort resulted in the identification of a single volunteer community. However, negotiations between the federal government and the municipality were unable to reach an acceptable agreement establishing the conditions for the community to host the waste management facility. The third effort, a community-driven approach, was undertaken in the late-1990s and resulted in an agreement in 2001 between the Government of Canada and the local communities that sets in motion a process for the cleanup of the local wastes and long-term management in new local waste management facilities. This paper provides insights into the history of the problem, the efforts of the federal government over the last two decades to deal with the issue, how local participation and decision-making processes affected the successes of the various siting approaches, and lessons learned that might be of interest to others who must deal with environmental remediation situations that involve siting long-term management facilities.

scholarly journals PERSPECTIVE LAND USE PLANNING OF THE NOVOSIBIRSK AGGLOMERATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
Alexey Dubrovsky ◽  
Nadezhda Dobrotvorskaya ◽  
Olesya Malygina
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Project Area ◽  
Temporal Model ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
First Time

The article is devoted to the planning of rational, environmentally sound involvement of land resources in economic development. The development of the territory of cities leads to an increase in their boundaries and the construction of residential, transport and industrial infrastructure. Agricultural and forest land categories are used. Issues of long-term planning of land use are of high relevance.The article describes the principles of formation of urban agglomerations. The problems in the development of Russian agglomerations are shown. The necessity of an optimal environmentally sound plan for the involvement of new land plots is substantiated. To solve this problem is proposed was developed by the authors of the digital spatial-temporal model of the forward planning of use of lands of the Novosibirsk agglomeration. The model is developed taking into account the design solutions Of the Institute of urban planning «Giprogor». Land ranking within the boundaries of the project area of settlement of the Novosibirsk agglomeration was made for the first time. Land ranking is a phased plan for the development of land for the construction of residential, transport, social and industrial infrastructure.

scholarly journals Perencanaan untuk Monitoring pada Skema “Izin Pemanfaatan Hutan Perhutanan Sosial” di Kabupaten Tulungagung

2020 ◽  
Vol 006 (02) ◽  
pp. 224-230
Author(s):  
Dicky Fernanda Putri ◽  
Lely Indah Mindarti ◽  
Muhammad Shobaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Social Forestry ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Forestry Industry ◽  
The Government ◽  
Forest Land Cover

The modern forestry industry has led to the dissociation of the communities surrounding forests and deforestation, resulting in the Community welfare gap and loss of forest land cover. In overcoming this, the government issued a new policy of social forestry with IPHPS scheme that aims to provide the opportunity to the community around the forest to legally manage the forest in the working area of Perum Perhutani. This research aims to determine the planning of monitoring on IPHPS scheme in Tulungagung district that can be used to encourage in improving and strengthening the plan. This research uses descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach. The results showed that stakeholders have not conducted any planning for monitoring so that, the author made monitoring planning based on the desired stakeholder results, fact field and monitoring planning UNDP (2009).

To log or not to log? How forestry fits with the goals of First Nations in British Columbia

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Nikolakis ◽  
Harry Nelson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Effective Governance ◽  
Forest Tenure ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
The Government ◽  
Forest Values ◽  
The Individual

Commercial forestry has played an important role in the Canadian economy. Yet, First Nations (FNs) communities have not shared equitably in the benefits. Since 2002, the government of British Columbia (BC) has actively sought to address this inequity by increasing the volume of forest harvesting tenures to FNs. The rationale is that rights to harvest will also enhance economic and then social outcomes, as well as address broader legal and political disputes. However, whether these rights can translate into the expected benefits has received little attention. This paper seeks to help address this knowledge gap by interviewing FNs experts and forestry professionals in BC to understand the long-term goals of FNs in forestry, to strategically evaluate how (and if) opportunities from forestry arise, and to identify institutional factors that influence successful participation in forestry. What we found is that forest tenure can promote economic outcomes, but it often comes at the expense of other intrinsic forest values. We conclude that a rights-based approach alone will not achieve the diverse outcomes related to forestry without effective governance by FNs to evaluate and capitalize on the opportunity in ways that are legitimate to the individual community’s values.

scholarly journals Perhutanan Sosial di Indonesia dalam Perspektif Islam

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Gamin Gessa
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Social Forestry ◽  
Important Lesson ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Forestry Practices ◽  
Forest Sustainability ◽  
Forestry Programs

Indonesia adalah negara pertanian dengan jumlah petani mencapai 44% dari total angkatan kerja atau sekitar 46,7 juta jiwa pada tahun 2009. Pada 2014 lahan pertanian yang tersedia sekitar 41,5 juta hektar sementara 63% wilayah adalah kawasan hutan. Luas lahan petani pada tahun 2017 rata-rata 0,36 hektar. Hal ini mendorong tingginya kemiskinan Indonesia yang tinggi dengan penduduk miskin sebanyak 27,77 juta orang atau 10,64 % dari jumlah total penduduk. Indek Pembangunan Manusia pada level 0,685 (kategori menengah). Upaya peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat dilakukan melalui pelibatan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan hutan. Praktek perhutanan sosial telah dimulai sejak tahun 1982 dengan berbagai perubahan skema. Program perhutanan sosial berdasarkan kebijakan yang ada sejak tahun 2007 hingga 2016 adalah Pengelolaan Hutan Berbasis Masyarakat, Hutan Desa, Hutan Kemasyarakatan, Hutan Tanaman Rakyat, dan Kemitraan, serta Hutan Adat. Perhutanan sosial dirasakan dapat meningkatkan pendapatan baik yang telah dirasakan maupun yang masih potensial di lapangan. Secara kelestarian hutan, perhutanan sosial dapat meningkatkan variasi jenis tanaman dan meningkatkan penutupan lahan. Perhutanan sosial juga dapat mengurangi konflik tenurial melalui  penyerapan tenaga kerja, pemberian rasa aman dan pemberian ketenangan berusaha pada kawasan hutan. Pendampingan kepada pelaku perhutanan sosial dan pemastian tidak terjadi pemindahan hak kelola merupakan pelajaran penting dari penelitian ini.   Indonesia is an agricultural country with a number of farmers reaching 44% of the total workforce or around 46.7 million in 2009. In 2014 the available agricultural land was around 41.5 million hectares while 63% of the area was forested. The land area of farmers in 2017 averages 0.36 hectares. This has led to a high rate of Indonesian poverty with a poor population of 27.77 million people or 10.64% of the total population. Human Development Index at level 0.685 (middle category). Efforts to improve community welfare are carried out through community involvement in forest management. Social forestry practices have been started since 1982 with various schema changes. Social forestry programs based on existing policies from 2007 to 2016 are Community Based Forest Management, Village Forests, Community Forests, Community Plantation Forests, and Partnerships, and Customary Forests. Social forestry is felt to be able to increase both perceived and potential income in the field. In terms of forest sustainability, social forestry can increase variety of crops and increase land cover. Social forestry can also reduce tenurial conflicts through labor absorption, providing security and providing business peace in the forest area. Assistance to social forestry actors and ensuring that there is no transfer of management rights is an important lesson from this research.

scholarly journals Retrospective Analysis of Land Use Land Cover Dynamics Using GIS and Remote sensing in Central Highlands of Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-52
Author(s):  
Mammo Siraj ◽  
Kebin Zhang ◽  
Kidane Moges
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Planning And Management ◽  
Central Highlands

Abstract Assessing and quantifying the current forest resources status underpins sustainable forest resources planning and management. To this end, this study was conducted to analyze the dynamics of land use cover change (LUCC) and explore their drivers at the central highlands of Dry Afromontane Chilimo-Gaji forest for the study period (1973-2015) under consideration. The result of the study indicated that landscape trends have occurred in Chilimo-Gaji forest over the last 43 years and five classes of LUCC namely shrub land, rural settlement, bare land and road, forest land and agricultural land were identified. The most commonly reported drivers of deforestation in the study area were expansion of agricultural land, rural settlements, population growth, insecurity of the tenure and rights over the land, timber production and fuel wood collection. Surprisingly, the increasing demand for agricultural land and human settlement for increasing human population underpinned by expansion of agricultural activities led to the clearing of forest land in the study area. The study reveals that the forest land cover type has lost 922.14 hectares (26.96 %) which were changed into other land cover types such as agriculture and settlement for the study period under consideration with an annually rate of 21.45 ha. However, deforestation rates showed declining trend between the time periods 2008-2015 as a result of introduction of Participatory Forest Management (PFM) schemes (1996) which involve the local community in management and sharing of the benefit obtained from the management. In order to promote sustainable forest resources management in the study area in the years to come, integrated land use planning and management and addressing key drivers of deforestation were recommended.

Central Otago - Built on gold, growing on grass.

2014 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Barrie J. Wills
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Land Use ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
District Council ◽  
Definition Of

A warm welcome to our "World of Difference" to all delegates attending this conference - we hope your stay is enjoyable and that you will leave Central Otago with an enhanced appreciation of the diversity of land use and the resilient and growing economic potential that this region has to offer. Without regional wellbeing the national economy will struggle to grow, something Central Government finally seems to be realising, and the Central Otago District Council Long Term Plan 2012-2022 (LTP) signals the importance of establishing a productive economy for the local community which will aid in the economic growth of the district and seeks to create a thriving economy that will be attractive to business and residents alike. Two key principles that underpin the LTP are sustainability and affordability, with the definition of sustainability being "… development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."

DIFFUSION AND ADOPTION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN SOUTH AFRICAN TELECENTRES: SELECTED TELECENTRES IN KWAZULU-NATAL

Mousaion ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blessing Mbatha
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Tools ◽  
The Government ◽  
Types Of Information

This study investigated the usage and types of information and communications technologies (ICTs) accessible to community members in four selected Thusong Service Centres (TSCs or telecentres) in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). The telecentres that participated in the study were: Nhlazuka, Mbazwane, Dududu and Malangeni. The study was informed by Rogers’ (1995) Diffusion of Innovations (DoI) theory. Through a survey, four TSCs were purposively selected. A questionnaire was used to collect data from community members in the four telecentres involved. The data collected was tabulated under the various headings and presented using tables, frequencies, percentiles and generalisations with the help of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results indicated that a variety of ICT tools have been adopted in the TSCs to provide the local community with the much-needed access to information and improved communication. The government should ensure that adequate varieties and levels of ICT competence are offered to all the citizens. In conclusion, there is a need for sufficient and coherent government policies regulating the training of the local community to use these ICTs effectively.

Negative Media Effects and Islamic Remedies (Penyelesaian Kepada Kesan Negatif Media Menurut Perspektif Islam)

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Mohd. Shuhaimi Ishak
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Social Influences ◽  
The Political ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Essential Form ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Effects Of Media ◽  
Political Economic

 Abstract Generally speaking, media is extensively used as the means to disseminate news and information pertaining to business, social, political and religious concerns. A portion of the time and space of media has now become an important device to generate economic and social activities that include advertising, marketing, recreation and entertainment. The Government regards them as an essential form of relaying news and information to its citizens and at the same time utilizes them as a powerful public relations’ mechanism. The effects of media are many and diverse, which can either be short or long term depending on the news and information. The effects of media can be found on various fronts, ranging from the political, economic and social, to even religious spheres. Some of the negative effects arising from the media are cultural and social influences, crimes and violence, sexual obscenities and pornography as well as liberalistic and extreme ideologies. This paper sheds light on these issues and draws principles from Islam to overcome them. Islam as revealed to humanity contains the necessary guidelines to nurture and mould the personality of individuals and shape them into good servants. Key Words: Media, Negative Effects, Means, Islam and Principles. Abstrak Secara umum, media secara meluas digunakan sebagai sarana untuk menyebarkan berita dan maklumat yang berkaitan dengan perniagaan, kemasyarakatan, pertimbangan politik dan agama. Sebahagian dari ruang dan masa media kini telah menjadi peranti penting untuk menghasilkan kegiatan ekonomi dan sosial yang meliputi pengiklanan, pemasaran, rekreasi dan hiburan. Kerajaan menganggap sarana-sarana ini sebagai wadah penting untuk menyampaikan berita dan maklumat kepada warganya dan pada masa yang sama juga menggunakannya sebagai mekanisme perhubungan awam yang berpengaruh. Pengaruh media sangat banyak dan pelbagai, samada berbentuk jangka pendek atau panjang bergantung kepada berita dan maklumat yang brekenaan. Kesan dari media boleh didapati mempengaruhi pelbagai aspek, bermula dari bidang politik, ekonomi, sosial bahkan juga agama. Beberapa kesan negatif yang timbul dari media ialah pengaruhnya terhadap budaya dan sosial, jenayah dan keganasan, kelucahan seksual dan pornografi serta ideologi yang liberal dan ekstrim. Kertas ini menyoroti isu-isu ini dan cuba mengambil prinsip-prinsip dari ajaran Islam untuk mengatasinya. Tujuan Islam itu sendiri diturunkan kepada umat manusia ialah untuk menjadi pedoman yang diperlukan untuk membina dan membentuk keperibadian individu dan menjadikan manusia hamba yang taat kepada Tuhannya. Kata Kunci: Media, Kesan Negatif, Cara-cara, Islam dan Prinsip-prinsip.

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