scholarly journals Improvement of mechanical, thermal and morphostructural properties of SBS thermoplastic elastomer using kaolin and dolomite microparticles with modified surface

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Sonmez ◽  
Mircea Juganaru ◽  
Anton Ficai ◽  
Ovidiu Oprea ◽  
Roxana Trusca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Elemental Distribution ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Strong Stabilization ◽  
Modified Surface ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Dsc Curves ◽  
Thermoplastic Rubber

The aim of this paper was to assess the influence of the modification of the surface of dolomite and kaolin with SiO2 and TiO2 precursors, on the block copolymer styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) type thermoplastic rubber properties. These composite materials were obtained by compounding SBS with various ratio of powders. Based on the SEM images it can conclude that the powders were homogenously dispersed in to the SBS matrix. The dolomite particles can be clearly identified in the SEM images as particles of 10 micrometers. The samples obtained with modified dolomite have similar morphology. The EDS elemental distribution confirming a good corroboration between the elements of the dolomite, kaolin and titanium or silicon elements. Based on the thermal analysis according to the residual mass, the presence of 20% mineral phase can be confirmed. According to the DSC curves a strong stabilization of the composite appears, because of the presence of the mineral component. According to the physical-mechanical data all the composite materials exhibit improved mechanical properties. Additionally, the modification of the kaolin and/or dolomite bring important improvements in mechanical properties. The samples 13 and 14 exhibit high tensile and tear strength. These composites can be used for various applications, such as, for instance, soles for firefighters' footwear.

Influence of Novel Electron Beam Modified Surface Treated Dual Phase Filler on Rheometric and Mechanical Properties of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Vulcanizates

2003 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Shanmugharaj ◽  
Anil K. Bhowmick
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Dual Phase ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Polymer Filler ◽  
Modified Surface ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Abstract Rheometric and mechanical properties, hysteresis and swelling behavior of the Styrene-Butadiene Rubber vulcanizates (SBR) filled with unmodified and novel electron beam modified surface treated dual phase fillers were investigated. Scorch time increases for these modified filler loaded vulcanizates due to introduction of quinone type oxygen on the surface. Electron beam modification of dual phase filler in the absence of trimethylol propanetriacrylate (TMPTA) or triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulphide (Si-69) significantly improves the modulus of the SBR vulcanizates, whereas the values of tensile strength and elongation at break drop. However, presence of TMPTA or silane slightly increases the modulus with significant improvement in tensile strength. This effect is more pronounced at higher loading of these modified fillers in SBR vulcanizates. These variations in modulus and tensile strength are explained by the equilibrium swelling data, Kraus plot and a new mathematical model interpreting the polymer-filler interaction. Hysteresis loss ratio of SBR vulcanizates loaded with irradiated fillers in absence and presence of TMPTA or silane increases due to highly aggregated structure of the filler.

The Effect of Modifying Agents on the Mechanical Properties of Straw Flour/Waste Plastic Composite Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Hao Ge ◽  
Dan Ge Si ◽  
Yun Li Lan ◽  
Mei Nong Shi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

Though there has been a large number of studies concerning the modification of wood plastic composite materials, there is still more to be done. This report aims to study the effect of the coupling agents (PP-g-MAH, silane, titanate) and compatibilizer(SBS) on the mechanical properties of straw flour/waste plastic composites. Straw flour, waste plastic, modifying agents and other additives were mixed evenly in a high speed mixing machine. And the mixed materials were compounded into the pelllets using the twin-screw extruder. Then the test specimens were prepared by the injection molding. The influence of 4% coupling agent (PP-g-MAH, silane, titanate) on the mechanical properties of straw flour/waste plastic composites was researched, and the most suitable coupling agent to the composites was obtained. In order to increase the toughness of the composite materials and to furthermore improve the comprehensive mechanical properties, the WPCs with different contents styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) were investigated. The experimental results showed that the coupling agent PP-g-MAH and the content was 4%, the mechanical properties of the composite materials were better; when SBS content was 5%, the maximum increases of tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength of SBS modified WPCs were by 14.34%, 20.75%, 34.38% compared to those of neat WPCs respectively.

Biomimetic Mineral-Protein Composites formed by an Automated Alternate Soaking Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver E. Armitage ◽  
Daniel G.T. Strange ◽  
Michelle L. Oyen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Organic Substrate ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Glass Cover ◽  
Eggshell Membranes ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTBiomineralized composite materials found in nature have a compromise of good mechanical properties and relatively small embodied energies in the process of their formation. The Alternate Soaking Process (ASP) is a laboratory technique that has only recently been applied to replicating composite biomineralization. The nexus of the ASP – heterogeneous nucleation – makes it ideal for replicating biominerals where the mineral is templated onto an organic substrate, such as occurs in avian eggshell. Here we demonstrate the deposition of a calcium carbonate gelatin composite on either glass cover slips or demineralized eggshell membranes using an automated ASP. SEM images and FTIR spectra of the resulting mineral show that by altering the amount of gelatin in the growth solutions the final organic component can be controlled accurately in the range of 1-10%, similar to that of natural eggshell. This study shows for the first time the co-precipitation of a CaCO3 – gelatin composite by an ASP and that the organic fraction of this mineral can be tuned to mimic that of natural biomineralized composites.

scholarly journals Influence of Ultraviolet Radiation on Mechanical Properties of a Photoinitiator Compounded High Vinyl Styrene–Butadiene–Styrene Block Copolymer

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1287
Author(s):  
Sanjoy Datta ◽  
Radek Stocek ◽  
Kinsuk Naskar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Labile Hydrogen ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

Ultraviolet curing of elastomers is a special curing technique that has gained importance over the conventional chemical crosslinking method, because the former process is faster, and thus, time-saving. Usually, a suitable photoinitiator is required to initiate the process. Ultraviolet radiation of required frequency and intensity excites the photoinitiator which abstracts labile hydrogen atoms from the polymer with the generation of free radicals. These radicals result in crosslinking of elastomers via radical–radical coupling. In the process, some photodegradation may also take place. In the present work, a high vinyl (~50%) styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) block copolymer which is a thermoplastic elastomer was used as the base polymer. An attempt was made to see the effect of ultraviolet radiation on the mechanical properties of the block copolymer. The process variables were time of exposure and photoinitiator concentration. Mechanical properties like tensile strength, elongation at break, modulus at different elongations and hardness of the irradiated samples were studied and compared with those of unirradiated ones. In this S-B-S block copolymer, a relatively low exposure time and low photoinitiator concentration were effective in obtaining optimized mechanical properties. Infrared spectroscopy, contact angle and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the results obtained from mechanical measurements.

Styrene-Butadiene Rubber/Graphene Nanocomposites: Effect of Co-Milling with Cyclic Butylene-Terephthalate

2015 ◽  
Vol 812 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
István Halász ◽  
Tamás Bárány
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Graphene Nanocomposites ◽  
Butylene Terephthalate ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Cyclic Butylene Terephthalate ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) reinforced styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) nanocomposites were produced by two different methods. For reference purpose carbon black (CB) reinforced formulations served. In the first method the components were mixed on a two roll open mill directly. In the second method, GnP was subjected to milling in an attritor mill together with cyclic butylene-terephthalate oligomer (CBT) powder prior to the mixing on two roll mill. Samples were cured in a hot press. The rubber sheets were characterized by tensile and tear tests, and their fracture surfaces inspected in scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that GnP outperformed CB with respect to reinforcing effect. Previous co-milling of GnP with CBT caused a slight decrease in mechanical properties. SEM images proved, that the co-milling process did not affect significantly the dispersion of GnP, its particles were shredded into smaller pieces, which caused the slight decrease in the mechanical properties.

The effect of lanthanum trimethacrylate on the mechanical properties and flame retardancy of dynamically vulcanized PP/EPDM thermoplastic vulcanizates

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Zhou ◽  
Lu Yan ◽  
Xuejun Lai ◽  
Hongqiang Li ◽  
Xingrong Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Cross Link ◽  
Dynamic Vulcanization ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Reinforcing Agent ◽  
Link Density ◽  
Cross Link Density

A new kind of polypropylene/ethylene–propylene–diene monomer (PP/EPDM) thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) with good mechanical properties and flame retardancy was prepared via in situ peroxide-induced dynamic vulcanization using lanthanum trimethacrylate (LaTMA) as a reinforcing agent. The morphology, structure, and mechanical properties and reinforcement mechanism of PP/EPDM/LaTMA TPE were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, rubber process analyzer, cross-link density test, and so on. The flame retardancy was investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI) test. The results showed that when the amount of lanthanum oxide was 4.96 phr and methyl methacrylate was 7.85 phr, the compatibility between EPDM and PP was greatly improved. Besides, the tensile strength, tear strength, elongation at break, and hardness (shore A) of PP/EPDM/LaTMA TPE were increased from 6.2 MPa, 41.7 kN m−1, 148%, and 81 up to 11.1 MPa, 77.3 kN m−1, 365%, and 89, respectively. And the LOI of PP/EPDM/LaTMA TPE was increased to 19.0%. The SEM images, the higher G′, and the ionic cross-link suggested that a strong filler–filler network was formed by the polymerization and the grafted of LaTMA in the PP and EPDM phase which enhanced the compatibility between PP and EPDM. The DSC and FTIR results further proved that during the processing.

scholarly journals The Effects of Inorganic Salts with Different Anions on the Structure and Properties of Starch/Poly (Butylene Succinate) Blends Plasticized with Ionic Liquid

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixin Zhao ◽  
Bei Lei ◽  
Wenhao Du ◽  
Xi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Crystallization Temperature ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Butylene Succinate ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Dsc Curves

1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride ((BMIM) Cl) modified starch/poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) blends with different anions of inorganic salts were prepared by HAAKE mixer. The compatibility and thermal behaviors including crystallinity, crystallization and melting temperature, thermal stability and mechanical properties were systematically investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that inorganic salts can produce a strong interaction with starch/PBS blends, which can improve the mechanical properties of starch/PBS blends, enhance the mechanical strength and elongation at break of starch/PBS blends, meanwhile, the thermal stability of starch/PBS blends decreased. The SEM images reveal that the compatibility of starch/PBS become better with the increase of inorganic salts. The melting and crystallization absorption peaks in the DSC curves show that the melting enthalpy (ΔHm), crystallinity (Xc), and crystallization temperature (Tc) of the blends decrease and the cold crystallization temperature (Tcc) increase when inorganic salts is added. Moreover, inorganic salts with smaller anionic radius have much better effects on the starch/PBS blends plasticized with ((BMIM)Cl).

scholarly journals Effect of hot pressing and reinforcement of TiC and WC on the mechanical properties and microstructure of AlCuFeCrNi HEAs alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Mehmet Akkaş ◽  
Sudani Al
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Powder Mixture ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Elemental Distribution ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Automation Systems ◽  
Gas Atmosphere ◽  
And Control

In this study, a powder mixture consisting of TiC (titanium carbide) and WC (tungsten carbide) reinforced AlCuNiFeCr was produced using the hot pressing technique. The AlCuNiFeCr powder mixture, TiC and WC were added at a rate of 5 %, 10 % and 15 %, respectively. In order to produce and control to produce parameters have been produced having automation systems type of laboratory a hot pressing machine. Graphite moulds were used in production and sintering processes were carried out in a protective argon gas atmosphere. Composites were produced at a sintering temperature of 900?C and under a pressure 35 MPa and for 4 minutes. To understand the microstructure and mechanical properties of produced specimens, their SEM and EDS analysis, XRD analysis, fracture surface SEM images, SEM mapping of elemental distribution and EDX spectrums, hardness, three-point bending, and corrosion tests were investigated. As a result, the best sample has been identified that belong to AlCuNiFeCr-15 % WC with great features.

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