scholarly journals Effect of Lower Back Extensors Fatigue on Athletic Performance Measured as Agility

2021 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Kalpana Zutshi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Kinetic Chain ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Lumbar Extension

Background: At high level of competition, sports require long periods of hard physical work. Each athlete should be able to perform desired actions efficiently, which will not be possible without coordinated activation of muscles in the kinetic chain. EMG studies demonstrate that lumbar paraspinal muscles fatigue is associated with Quadriceps Inhibition (QI), leading to speculation that these changes may not only have adverse effect for athletic performance but also increase the risk of injury in long term. This contrasts the evidence about the influence of fatigue on trunk muscles reflex activity. Method: 37 athletes (men) were recruited from city soccer clubs. The participants performed sub maximal isometric exercise of lower back extensors (Ito’s test) to induce fatigue. The two protocols were a single bout and repeated bouts of Lumbar Extension Isometric Exercise (LEIE). The Agility scores recorded at baseline, after single bout and after repeated bouts of LEIE were compared. Conclusion: The two experimental interventions differently affected the agility performance in the sample. On one hand, single bout intervention led to improved performance, repeated bout intervention resulted in relative deterioration of performance.

scholarly journals AI-based localization and classification of skin disease with erythema

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Min Son ◽  
Wooho Jeon ◽  
Jinhyun Kim ◽  
Chan Yeong Heo ◽  
Hye Jin Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Sensitivity Score ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
High Level

AbstractAlthough computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) is used to improve the quality of diagnosis in various medical fields such as mammography and colonography, it is not used in dermatology, where noninvasive screening tests are performed only with the naked eye, and avoidable inaccuracies may exist. This study shows that CAD may also be a viable option in dermatology by presenting a novel method to sequentially combine accurate segmentation and classification models. Given an image of the skin, we decompose the image to normalize and extract high-level features. Using a neural network-based segmentation model to create a segmented map of the image, we then cluster sections of abnormal skin and pass this information to a classification model. We classify each cluster into different common skin diseases using another neural network model. Our segmentation model achieves better performance compared to previous studies, and also achieves a near-perfect sensitivity score in unfavorable conditions. Our classification model is more accurate than a baseline model trained without segmentation, while also being able to classify multiple diseases within a single image. This improved performance may be sufficient to use CAD in the field of dermatology.

A Two Phases Self-healing Framework for Service-oriented Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Amal Alhosban ◽  
Zaki Malik ◽  
Khayyam Hashmi ◽  
Brahim Medjahed ◽  
Hassan Al-Ababneh
Keyword(s):  
Web Services ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Fault Management ◽  
Service Selection ◽  
Exception Handling ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Service Oriented Architectures ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
High Level

Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA) enable the automatic creation of business applications from independently developed and deployed Web services. As Web services are inherently a priori unknown, how to deliver reliable Web services compositions is a significant and challenging problem. Services involved in an SOA often do not operate under a single processing environment and need to communicate using different protocols over a network. Under such conditions, designing a fault management system that is both efficient and extensible is a challenging task. In this article, we propose SFSS, a self-healing framework for SOA fault management. SFSS is predicting, identifying, and solving faults in SOAs. In SFSS, we identified a set of high-level exception handling strategies based on the QoS performances of different component services and the preferences articled by the service consumers. Multiple recovery plans are generated and evaluated according to the performance of the selected component services, and then we execute the best recovery plan. We assess the overall user dependence (i.e., the service is independent of other services) using the generated plan and the available invocation information of the component services. Due to the experiment results, the given technique enhances the service selection quality by choosing the services that have the highest score and betters the overall system performance. The experiment results indicate the applicability of SFSS and show improved performance in comparison to similar approaches.

Sex Differences on Use of Associative and Dissociative Cognitive Strategies among Male and Female Athletes

2005 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Antonini Philippe ◽  
Roland Seiler
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
International Competition ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sensory Inputs ◽  
Method Of Measurement ◽  
High Level

This study assessed whether men and women differed in using associative and dissociative cognitive strategies during athletic performance. Athletes (31 men, M age = 23.2 yr., SD = 3.9 and 29 women, M age = 22.9 yr., SD = 4.3) who practiced endurance activities (running, swimming, and cycling) were considered high-level performers because they participated in national or international competition. The athletes were interviewed, and Schomer's 1986 method of measurement was used to evaluate and quantify two cognitive strategies. Most specifically, categories of association concerned the way the athlete paid close attention to bodily signals, and categories of dissociation described how the athlete shunned sensory inputs. Analysis of variance and the t test showed that women tend to be more dissociative than men and men more associative than women. The results suggest that pain perception in these sports may be a function of sex.

scholarly journals Effects of Prolonged Sitting with Slumped Posture on Trunk Muscular Fatigue in Adolescents with and without Chronic Lower Back Pain

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Kyoung-Sim Jung ◽  
Jin-Hwa Jung ◽  
Tae-Sung In ◽  
Hwi-Young Cho
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Lower Back Pain ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Muscular Fatigue ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Lower Back Pain ◽  
Median Frequency ◽  
Prolonged Sitting ◽  
Lower Back

Background and Objectives: This study investigated the effects of prolonged sitting on trunk muscular fatigue and discomfort in participants with and without chronic lower back pain (LBP). Material and Methods: This study included 15 patients with LBP and 15 healthy controls. All participants were instructed to sit on a height-adjustable chair with their knee and hip joints bent at 90° for 30 min, in slumped sitting postures. Surface electromyography was used to assess the median frequency of the internal obliques (IO)/transversus abdominis (TrA) and multifidus (MF) muscles. Perceived discomfort was measured using a Borg category ratio-scale. Median frequency of the trunk muscles and perceived discomfort after 30 min of sitting were compared with baseline. Result: There were no significant differences within the group and between both groups in the median frequency of bilateral IO and MF muscles. The LBP group showed significantly greater perceived discomfort after prolonged sitting, as compared to the control group. Conclusions: Prolonged sitting with slumped posture could increase the risk of experiencing lower back discomfort.

scholarly journals The influence of athletic performance on the highest positions of the final ranking during 2017/2018 Serie A season

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Umile Giuseppe Longo ◽  
Francesco Sofi ◽  
Vincenzo Candela ◽  
Laura Risi Ambrogioni ◽  
Giuditta Pagliai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background Our previous study on the 2016/2017 Serie A season showed that a greater likelihood of reaching the top positions in the Italian league “Serie A” seemed to be mainly related to sprint activity, goal attempts, total throws, target shots and assists. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the following season data in the same league to compare, confirm, and improve these results. Methods The data of all the matches played during the “Serie A” 2017–2018 season were obtained from the Italian soccer league. The teams’ analysis was performed in terms of total distance covered in km, jogging, running and sprint activities, average speed, and match statistics (total shots, shots on target, goal attempts, assists, turnovers, and steals). Results Teams that reached the first four positions revealed a lower percentage of running (65.98 ± 1.51 vs. 66.84 ± 2.18; p < 0.001), a higher percentage of jogging (25.61 ± 1.71 vs. 25.30 ± 1.97; p = 0.037) and sprint activities (8.41 ± 1.04 vs. 7.86 ± 0.82; p < 0.001). Match statistics seem to be statistically different between the first four teams the other teams. The total goals are strongly associated both with the total score at the end of the championship (R = 0.906; p < 0.001) and with the position in the final ranking (R = 0.850; p < 0.001). Conclusions Our results suggest that high-level teams have a lower running rate and a higher percentage of jogging and sprinting than other teams.

scholarly journals The Impact of Sports on Athletic Performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Amir Torkashvand
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Alpha Coefficient ◽  
Strategic Performance ◽  
The Third ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
High Level ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
The Impact

This study seeks to influence environment sports on the performance of athletes. Applied research is a descriptive survey. The population consisted of high-level of athletes in martial disciplines in Tehran (3 sports gym) were estimated at around 158 people. 113 athletes have been invited to respond to the questionnaire that they use randomly chosen sample of the population by Cochran formula. A questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire consists of 3 parts. The first part included demographic information and the second part of the questionnaire contains 12 questions, including questions of appearance and the third part is consist of the standard questionnaire strategic performance of Thomas. Relaiability of questionnaire is achived with experts and stability of it was 0,966 by using of Cronbach's alpha coefficient in e SPSS software. The results show that the apparent and qualitative factors are directly affecting the performance of athletes.

The effects of clipping pregnant ewes at housing and of feeding different basal roughages

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Rutter ◽  
T. R. Laird ◽  
P. J. Broadbent
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Multiple Births ◽  
Body Weight Change ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Wool Yield ◽  
High Level ◽  
Better Than

SUMMARY1. Forty Greyface (Border Leicester ♂ × Blackface ♀) and 40 North Country Cheviot ewes, due to lamb to a Suffolk ram in April 1969, were housed during December 1968 in eight groups of 10 ewes, the breeds being penned separately.2. One pen of each breed received a basal diet of either hay, grass silage or arable silage with a ‘high’ level of concentrate supplementation and one pen of each breed was given hay with a ‘low’ level of concentrate supplementation. Within each pen, five of the 10 ewes were clipped at housing and the other five were clipped in the following June.3. Voluntary intakes of the basal diets declined with advancing stage of pregnancy, particularly for those receiving grass silage. Feed had no differential effects on the performance of the ewes in terms of wool yield, body-weight change, birth weight of lamb per ewe or perinatal lamb mortality.4. The Greyfaces clipped at housing yielded less wool than those Greyfaces clipped in the following June. Time of clipping had no influence on the wool yield of the Cheviots. Wool grades were not affected by time of clipping. Ewes clipped in December performed significantly better than ewes not clipped until June with a higher proportion of ewes producing multiple births (P<0·1), a higher total birth weight of lamb per ewe (P<0·01) and a reduced perinatal mortality of the lambs (P<0·05). The total effect of this improved performance was that the clipped ewes produced 53 ·5 % more live lambs than those ewes not clipped until the following June.

scholarly journals Assessment of Postural effect on Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders and Back Muscle Fatigue among the Goldsmiths of India

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Tirthankar Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Questionnaire Study ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Back Muscle ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Postural Effect

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) may be defined as injuries and disorders of the muscles, nerves, tendons, ligaments, joints, cartilage and spinal disc. This may occur due to improper physical work activities or appalling workplace conditions. Awkward or extreme postures are less efficient than posture keep joints near the center of their range of motion.Objective: The objective of the current study was to assessment of postural effect on work related musculoskeletal disorders and back muscle fatigue among the goldsmiths of India.Methods: In this current study, the experiment was performed on 100 male goldsmiths. A detailed questionnaire study on discomfort feeling was done and analysis of body posture by Rapid Upper Limb Assessment was done to evaluate the work stress during their job. Electromyographic activity was collected from ten major trunk muscles sites which consist of right and left muscle.Result: From the analysis, it was revealed that musculoskeletal disorders were the major problem of the goldsmiths. Moreover questionnaire study revealed that most of the workers were affected by pain at Neck (80%), Low back (91%), Wrist (45%), Shoulder (20%). Decreased in RMS and MedF of all the ten major trunk muscles were observed at the end of the every work cycle, which indicating that muscular fatigue was induced by the Gold Smiths tasks.Conclusion: From this study it can be concluded that the goldsmiths are working in awkward and forward bending postures for prolonged period of time with the potential risks of musculoskeletal disorders primarily affecting the low-back and neck region of the body. This can be attributed by the improper design of the workstation.

Motivation and the Human Monitor: I. The Effect of Contingent Credit

1969 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 623-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles G. Halcomb ◽  
Peggy Blackwell
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Visual Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Task ◽  
College Population ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Course Credit

This research was designed to test the hypothesis that relevant incentives would result in improved performance on a visual monitoring task. Course credit was used as an incentive due to its apparent relevance for the college population. Two groups of Ss were employed. One group received credit made contingent on performance; the other group received credit for participation. The contingent group performed at a higher level than did the non-contingent group. Level of performance for both groups was high, suggesting that a relevant incentive can be effective in maintaining a high level of performance over time.

Genetic evaluation of pedigree beef cattle in Great Britain

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 106-106
Author(s):  
R E Crump ◽  
J G E Bryan ◽  
D Nicholson ◽  
R Thompson ◽  
G Simm
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased Prediction ◽  
Individual Animal ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Linear Unbiased Prediction ◽  
Beef Herds ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
High Level

In order that genetic progress in British beef breeds could be improved, performance traits have been recorded by the Meat and Livestock Commission for many years. A large number of pedigree beef herds have recorded with the Meat and Livestock Commission during this period. Until recently, these records were only made use of via within herd contemporary comparisons such that the results for animals could not be compared across herds or time.Through the use of Individual Animal Model Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP), differences between herds and contemporary groups within herds can be accounted for provided there are genetic links between herds and contemporary groups. As a result of the small pedigree herd size in Great Britain, typically less than 20, sires are often chosen from outside the herd in order to reduce inbreeding. This practise has resulted in there being a relatively high level of connectedness between contemporary groups and this enables the BLUP procedure to disentangle management and genetic effects.

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