scholarly journals Decolonial conservation: establishing Indigenous Protected Areas for future generations in the face of extractive capitalism

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Youdelis ◽  
Justine Townsend ◽  
Jonaki Bhattacharyya ◽  
Faisal Moola ◽  
J.B. Fobister
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
Indigenous Nations ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
The Face ◽  
Biocultural Conservation

Extractive capitalism has long been the driving force of settler colonialism in Canada, and continues to threaten the sovereignty, lands and waters of Indigenous nations across the country. While ostensibly counterposed to extractivism, state-led conservation has similarly served to alienate Indigenous peoples from their territories, often for capitalist gain. Recognizing the inadequacy of the colonial-capitalist conservation paradigm to redress the biodiversity crisis, scholars in political ecology increasingly call for radical, convivial alternatives rooted in equity and justice. Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas (IPCAs) are one such alternative, representing a paradigm shift from colonial to Indigenous-led conservation that reinvigorates Indigenous knowledge and governance systems. Since the Indigenous Circle of Experts finalized a report in 2018 on how IPCAs could contribute to Canada's conservation targets and reconciliation efforts, an increasing number of Indigenous stewardship initiatives across the country have been declared as IPCAs. These initiatives are assertions of Indigenous sovereignty, inherent rights, and responsibilities to their territories, as well as movements to rejuvenate biocultural conservation. Although Canada is supporting IPCAs through certain initiatives, the country's extractivist development model along with jurisdictional inconsistencies are undermining the establishment and long-term viability of many IPCAs. This paper explores two instances where Indigenous governments have established, or are establishing, IPCAs as novel strategies for land and water protection within long histories of resistance to colonial-capitalist exploitation. We argue that there is a paradoxical tension in Canadian conservation whereby Indigenous-led conservation is promoted in theory, while being undermined in practice. IPCAs offer glimpses of productive, alternative sustainabilities that move away from the colonial-capitalist paradigm, but are being challenged by governments and industries that still fail to respect Indigenous jurisdiction.

Defiant Indigeneity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Nohelani Teves
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Popular Culture ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Native Hawaiian ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Kanaka Maoli ◽  
The Face ◽  
Hawaiian Literature ◽  
The Way

"Aloha" is at once the most significant and the most misunderstood word in the Indigenous Hawaiian lexicon. For Kānaka Maoli people, the concept of "aloha" is a representation and articulation of their identity, despite its misappropriation and commandeering by non-Native audiences in the form of things like the "hula girl" of popular culture. Considering the way aloha is embodied, performed, and interpreted in Native Hawaiian literature, music, plays, dance, drag performance, and even ghost tours from the twentieth century to the present, Stephanie Nohelani Teves shows that misunderstanding of the concept by non-Native audiences has not prevented the Kānaka Maoli from using it to create and empower community and articulate its distinct Indigenous meaning. While Native Hawaiian artists, activists, scholars, and other performers have labored to educate diverse publics about the complexity of Indigenous Hawaiian identity, ongoing acts of violence against Indigenous communities have undermined these efforts. In this multidisciplinary work, Teves argues that Indigenous peoples must continue to embrace the performance of their identities in the face of this violence in order to challenge settler-colonialism and its efforts to contain and commodify Hawaiian Indigeneity.

scholarly journals Reflection, Acknowledgement, and Justice: A Framework for Indigenous-Protected Area Reconciliation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chance Finegan
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
The United States ◽  
Protected Area Management ◽  
Knowledge Use ◽  
Truth Telling ◽  
Indigenous Nations ◽  
Parks Canada

Protected areas have been both tools and beneficiaries of settler colonialism in places such as Canada, Australia, and the United States, to the detriment of Indigenous nations. While some agencies, such as Parks Canada, increasingly partner with Indigenous nations through co-management agreements or on Indigenous knowledge use in protected area management, I believe such efforts fall short of reconciliation. For protected areas to reconcile with Indigenous Peoples, they must not incorporate Indigeneity into existing settler-colonial structures. Instead, agencies must commit to an Indigenous-centered project of truth telling, acknowledging harm, and providing for justice. I begin this article by outlining what is meant by reconciliation. I then argue for protected area-Indigenous reconciliation. I conclude with a framework for Indigenous–settler reconciliation within protected areas.

Re-peopling in a settler-colonial context: the intersection of Indigenous laws of adoption with Canadian immigration law

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-353
Author(s):  
Amar Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Immigration Law ◽  
Canadian Immigration ◽  
The Face ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Do So

This article examines the intersection of Indigenous and Canadian ways of making and maintaining relations through the specific examples of adoption and immigration. Canada and all Indigenous societies assert the authority to re-people themselves. Unlike Canada, Indigenous peoples must do so in the face of ongoing settler colonialism. I argue that Indigenous peoples and nations have authority to regulate these matters under Indigenous laws and systems of treaty relations. However, Canadian laws and policies have served to obscure this authority. I argue that non-metaphorical decolonization requires the continued exercise of Indigenous authority over “peopling” powers. These powers necessarily include authority over adoption at societal, familial, and individual levels via, respectively, ongoing treaty relations and customary membership. Adoption has formed part of this resistance but remains limited by Canadian sovereignty and the state’s assertions of control over borders and immigration.

scholarly journals STSQEY’ULÉCW RE ST'EXELCEMC (ST’EXELEMC LAWS FROM THE LAND)

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Nancy Sandy
Keyword(s):  
Nous Avons ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Legal Process ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
The People ◽  
Indigenous Nations ◽  
The Face ◽  
Kinship Ties ◽  
Peuples Autochtones

This article is a journey to uncover the foundation of the laws that kept children safe at T’exelc – the place where the salmon charge up the river.  T’exelc is one village on Secwepemculécw – land of the Secwepemc People.  The people who live at T’exelc are known as ST’exelcemc.      The ST’exelcemc laws are drawn from the land and unearthed in the stories of the Stet’ex7ém – the Elders reminiscing about how they were raised, the stories they heard and how they lived their lives. The Stet’ex7ém place themselves first on the land to describe the activity they are involved in and with the people who they do their work with.  This rich methodology is our legal process to define the laws that still govern our relationships to the land and its resources, with our kinship ties in our community of relations, and those of other surrounding Indigenous nations.  As the Stet’ex7ém describe these legal relationships they recognize they only speak about their laws - Stsqey'ulécw re st'exelcemc – St’exelemc Laws From The Land, and each story captures the values and legal principles that form the ctk’wenme7iple7ten – all the laws in every aspect of our lives.  Those laws, values and principles are expressed in Secwepemctsín – our language to tell us what is right and what is wrong – the heart of any legal regime.  It is important you hear these stories and transmit this knowledge for all of our kw’séltken – all our relatives so others know we like all other Indigenous Peoples had our own government and our own laws since time immemorial.   This witnessing is an important journey to reconciliation for the revival of S’texlecemc governance and nation-building.  The Stet’ex7ém stories are a healing and living testament to the power of how we utilized our laws to continually maintain our legal order in the face of colonialism. Cet article constitue un voyage exploratoire visant à découvrir le fondement des lois qui ont permis d’assurer la sécurité des enfants à T’exelc – l’endroit où le saumon remonte la rivière. T’exelc est un village situé à Secwepemculécw – soit le territoire des Secwepemc. Les personnes qui vivent à T’exelc sont appelées les ST’exelcemc.      Les lois des ST’exelcemc sont tirées des enseignements de la terre et se dégagent des récits des Stet’ex7ém, dans lesquels les Anciens racontent la façon dont ils ont été élevés et ont vécu leurs vies, et les histoires qu’ils ont entendues. Les Stet’ex7ém se placent d’abord sur la terre pour décrire l’activité à laquelle ils se livrent et les personnes avec lesquelles ils travaillent. Cette riche méthodologie représente la base de notre processus juridique servant à définir les lois qui régissent encore nos rapports avec la terre et ses ressources, avec les autres membres de notre collectivité et avec les autres nations autochtones environnantes. Dans leur description de ces liens juridiques, les Stet’ex7ém reconnaissent qu’ils parlent uniquement de leurs lois –  Stsqey'ulécw re st'exelcemc – les lois de la terre des St’exelemc, et chaque récit couvre les valeurs et les principes de droit qui forment le ctk’wenme7iple7ten – soit l’ensemble des lois qui gouvernent chaque aspect de nos vies. Ces lois, valeurs et principes sont exprimés en langue Secwepemctsín – la langue dont nous nous servons pour décrire ce qui est bien et ce qui est mal – soit le cœur de tout régime juridique. Il est important que vous entendiez ces récits et que vous transmettiez ce savoir pour tous nos kw’séltken – tous nos parents, afin que les autres sachent que nous avons déjà, à l’instar de tous les autres peuples autochtones, notre propre gouvernement et nos propres lois depuis des temps immémoriaux. Ce témoignage constitue une étape importante du processus de réconciliation à suivre afin de faire revivre la gouvernance des S’texlecemc et de donner un nouveau souffle à leur nation. En racontant dans leurs récits la façon dont nous avons utilisé nos lois pour préserver notre ordre juridique malgré les pressions exercées par le colonialisme, les Anciens des Stet’ex7ém nous lèguent un précieux héritage dont nous pouvons nous servir pour cheminer vers la réconciliation. 

Challenges, Concerns, and Perspectives for Poland's Energy Transition during Global COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
Andrzej Lorkowski ◽  
Robert Jeszke
Keyword(s):  
Internal Energy ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy Transformation ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Current Discussion ◽  
The Face ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Eu ◽  
At Home

The whole world is currently struggling with one of the most disastrous pandemics to hit in modern times – Covid-19. Individual national governments, the WHO and worldwide media organisations are appealing for humanity to universally stay at home, to limit contact and to stay safe in the ongoing fight against this unseen threat. Economists are concerned about the devastating effect this will have on the markets and possible outcomes. One of the countries suffering from potential destruction of this situation is Poland. In this article we will explain how difficult internal energy transformation is, considering the long-term crisis associated with the extraction and usage of coal, the European Green Deal and current discussion on increasing the EU 2030 climate ambitions. In the face of an ongoing pandemic, the situation becomes even more challenging with each passing day.

Enabling Community Well-being Self-Monitoring in the Context of Mining: The Naskapi Nation of Kawawachikamach

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Klinck ◽  
Ben Bradshaw ◽  
Ruby Sandy ◽  
Silas Nabinacaboo ◽  
Mannie Mameanskum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Aboriginal Community ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Community Engaged Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mineral Development ◽  
Iron Deposits ◽  
Term Monitoring

The Naskapi Nation of Kawawachikamach is an Aboriginal community located in northern Quebec near the Labrador Border. Given the region’s rich iron deposits, the Naskapi Nation has considerable experience with major mineral development, first in the 1950s to the 1980s, and again in the past decade as companies implement plans for further extraction. This has raised concerns regarding a range of environmental and socio-economic impacts that may be caused by renewed development. These concerns have led to an interest among the Naskapi to develop a means to track community well-being over time using indicators of their own design. Exemplifying community-engaged research, this paper describes the beginning development of such a tool in fall 2012—the creation of a baseline of community well-being against which mining-induced change can be identified. Its development owes much to the remarkable and sustained contribution of many key members of the Naskapi Nation. If on-going surveying is completed based on the chosen indicators, the Nation will be better positioned to recognize shifts in its well-being and to communicate these shifts to its partners. In addition, long-term monitoring will allow the Naskapi Nation to contribute to more universal understanding of the impacts of mining for Indigenous peoples.

Antiretroviral Treatment-Associated Labia Majora Lipohypertrophy: A Rare Case and Plastic Surgical Treatment Options

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Akmal Hisham ◽  
Devananthan Ilenghoven ◽  
Wan Syazli Wan Ahmad Kamal ◽  
Salina Ibrahim ◽  
Shah Jumaat Mohd Yussof
Keyword(s):  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Labia Majora ◽  
The Face ◽  
Central Fat

The emergence of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has revolutionized the prognosis of HIV-infected patients. However, the extended use of HAART is associated with a disfiguring complication termed lipodystrophy, a disorder of body fat maldistribution causing peripheral fat loss (lipoatrophy) and central fat accumulation (lipohypertrophy). Lipoatrophy commonly affects the face, legs, buttocks and arm, whilst lipohypertrophy frequently favours the abdomen, breast and dorsocervical region. To our knowledge, we present only the second documented case in the literature of a labia majora lipohypertrophy in a HIV-positive patient receiving long-term HAART. The severity of labial abnormality caused significant physical and functional morbidities. Labiaplasty with dermolipectomy of the labia majora and excisional lipectomy of the mons pubis was successfully performed. At a 6-month follow-up, patient had no recurrence with resolution of symptoms and resumption of normal activities of daily living (ADL).

Populist Parties in Lithuania: Curious Case of Party Order and Justice and its Leadership

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mindaugas Jurkynas
Keyword(s):  
Party System ◽  
Leadership Selection ◽  
Political Careers ◽  
New Parties ◽  
Selection Rules ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
The Face

AbstractThe article discusses conceptualisation of populism, Lithuania’s party system and electoral dynamics and their relation to the sustainability of populist parties. Special attention is given to Party Order and Justice, a former populist and protest party, and its leadership, namely to the issues related to scope and competencies of a leader’s intra-partisan power, leadership selection rules and history, development of leaders’ political careers and their electoral activity. The L ithuanian party system now exhibits moderate fragmentation without centrifugal tendencies. Voter volatility is still relatively high, yet the share of new parties has dropped to zero. The protest and populist parties in Lithuania went into the margins of political establishment. Popularity of the Order and Justice party has long been connected to the formerly impeached president Rolandas Paksas. His long-term leadership in the face of plummeting electoral support and an emphasis on his political martyrdom resulted in poor electoral performances, ensuing internal squabbles and his departure. Party Order and Justice’s internal regulations, however, remained favourable to strong leadership.

INTERCONNECTION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT COMPONENTS FOR THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF THE NORTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
N. N. ILYSHEVA ◽  
◽  
E. V. KARANINA ◽  
G. P. LEDKOV ◽  
E. V. BALDESKU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
The North ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Relationship

The article deals with the problem of achieving sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to reveal the relationship between the components of sustainable development, taking into account the involvement of indigenous peoples in nature conservation. Climate change makes achieving sustainable development more difficult. Indigenous peoples are the first to feel the effects of climate change and play an important role in the environmental monitoring of their places of residence. The natural environment is the basis of life for indigenous peoples, and biological resources are the main source of food security. In the future, the importance of bioresources will increase, which is why economic development cannot be considered independently. It is assumed that the components of resilience are interrelated and influence each other. To identify this relationship, a model for the correlation of sustainable development components was developed. The model is based on the methods of correlation analysis and allows to determine the tightness of the relationship between economic development and its ecological footprint in the face of climate change. The correlation model was tested on the statistical materials of state reports on the environmental situation in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra. The approbation revealed a strong positive relationship between two components of sustainable development of the region: economy and ecology.

The Many Faces of Socioeconomic Change

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Toye
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
First Century ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Face ◽  
Scientific Expertise ◽  
The Many ◽  
Century Development

This book provides a survey of different ways in which economic sociocultural and political aspects of human progress have been studied since the time of Adam Smith. Inevitably, over such a long time span, it has been necessary to concentrate on highlighting the most significant contributions, rather than attempting an exhaustive treatment. The aim has been to bring into focus an outline of the main long-term changes in the way that socioeconomic development has been envisaged. The argument presented is that the idea of socioeconomic development emerged with the creation of grand evolutionary sequences of social progress that were the products of Enlightenment and mid-Victorian thinkers. By the middle of the twentieth century, when interest in the accelerating development gave the topic a new impetus, its scope narrowed to a set of economically based strategies. After 1960, however, faith in such strategies began to wane, in the face of indifferent results and general faltering of confidence in economists’ boasts of scientific expertise. In the twenty-first century, development research is being pursued using a research method that generates disconnected results. As a result, it seems unlikely that any grand narrative will be created in the future and that neo-liberalism will be the last of this particular kind of socioeconomic theory.

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