Patterns of Interaction in Family Triads with High-Achieving and Low-Achieving Children

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1291-1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Krige
Keyword(s):  
Family Process ◽  
Achievement Level ◽  
Interactional Pattern ◽  
Parental Pair ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Achieving ◽  
Patterns Of Interaction

The patterns of interaction between the parents and the child in family triads of high-achieving and low-achieving boys and girls and their parents were compared. Forty family triads were studied. The mean age of the children was 12 yr., 1 mo. Fathers of boys and girls did not differ in over-all dominance in the family process. Parents shared dominance but fathers of boys differed from fathers of girls in how this dominance was applied. Fathers' interactional pattern with their wives was flexible, influenced by the sex and achievement level of the children. These factors influenced fathers' interaction with their children and also mothers' interaction with their husbands. Mothers' behaviour toward their children was influenced by sex but much less so by achievement level. The sex of the child significantly influenced his behaviour toward his mother but the achievement level not to the same extent. In essence, the interaction of the parental pair with their children seemed to be the important factor in achievement.

Family Process and Psychosomatic Disease

1974 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Meissner
Keyword(s):  
Family System ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Family Process ◽  
Emotional Factors ◽  
Family Patterns ◽  
Psychosomatic Disease ◽  
The Family ◽  
Emotional System ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Patterns Of Interaction

This is a review of psychosomatic literature which touches on the relationship between patterns of illness and aspects of family interaction. An attempt is made to reconstruct the links in the chain which lead from family patterns of interaction to the occurrence or intensification of physical illness in family members. The central construct proposed is that of the “family emotional system.” The influence of emotional factors and certain types of critical events on the family system is traced in relation to the precipitation of both psychological and physiological patterns of disruption. The nature of the family system and its functioning are discussed and questions are raised in areas requiring further study and elucidation, particularly relating to the process of symptom distribution and specificity of illness.

Disability in Schizophrenic Disorders

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
J. Wancata ◽  
M. Freidl ◽  
F. Friedrich ◽  
T. Matschnig ◽  
A. Unger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Subjective Burden ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
The Family ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Mean

Aims:The purpose of this study was to investigate disability among patients suffering from schizophrenia and to identify predictors of disability.Methods:101 patients from different types of psychiatric services in Vienna and diagnosed with schizophrenia according to ICD-10 were included. They were investigates by means of 36-Item self-administered version of the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHO-DAS-II) and the PANSS-scale. Patients’ mothers and fathers were asked to fill in the Family Problem Questionnaire.Results:The mean total score of the WHO-DAS-II was 74.1 (SD 21.9). When using weighted sub-scores the highest disability scores were found for social contacts, participation in society and household (means 2.58, 2.57 and 2.51 respectively). Using logistic regression, overall disability was positively associated with patient's age, overall severity of symptoms (PANSS) and number of previous hospital admissions. Overall disability was not associated with duration of illness and or patient's gender. The subjective burden experienced by patients’ fathers and mothers were increased by reduced social contacts and impaired participation in society, while we could not find an association with other domains of patient's disability (understanding, mobility, self-care, household).Conclusions:This study shows that schizophrenia results in disability in several domains. Family caregivers’ burden was predominantly increased by social consequences of schizophrenia.

Hidradenitis suppurativa: Wie die Partner von Betroffenen psychosozial beeinträchtigt werden

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Uwe Gieler
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Psychosocial Burden ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Moderate Effect

<b>Background</b>: Hidradenitis suppurativa is a debilitating disease related to a great psychosocial burden in affected patients and subsequently also people around them. Patients’ partners as caregivers may indirectly experience wide range of devastating effects of the disease on their emotional and social life. <b>Objective:</b> The purpose of this study was to determine the QoL impairment in HS patients’ partners and to identify its aspects that are affected the most. Correlation between QoL burden and disease severity, duration, sex, age and smoking was also assessed. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 50 HS sufferers were assessed according to disease severity and their partners’ QoL was determined using the Family Dermatology Life Quality Index questionnaire. <b>Results:</b> The mean FDLQI for patients’ partners was 8.7 ± 6.8 points, indicating generally a moderate effect of HS on their life. Quality of partners’ life correlated significantly with disease severity but no correlation was found according to other factors. <b>Conclusion:</b> Hidradenitis suppurativa is a highly psychologically devastating disease not only for patients but also for their partners. It occurred to diminish partners’ QoL mostly by increasing daily expenditure but also other problems were often reported. Clinicians should be aware of these psychosocial implications, in order to provide optimal therapy of HS affected families by a multidisciplinary specialized management addressing both, patients and their cohabitants simultaneously.

scholarly journals Flow, Achievement Level, and Inquiry-Based Learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay A. Borovay ◽  
Bruce M. Shore ◽  
Christina Caccese ◽  
Ethan Yang ◽  
Olivia (Liv) Hua
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Achievement Level ◽  
Inquiry Instruction ◽  
Affective Outcomes ◽  
Inquiry Based Learning ◽  
High Achieving

Beyond cognitive outcomes, inquiry instruction can have positive general and differentiated affective outcomes. In this exploratory study, teacher-nominated high- to low-average achievers in Grades 5 through 9 ( N = 272, mean age 11.7 years), in classrooms exhibiting rare, occasional, and frequent inquiry qualities, were assessed on Csikszentmihalyi’s construct of flow, following a recent unit and reflecting on their favorite subject. We focused on flow because it addresses education and life in general, and flow and inquiry invoke challenge and persistence. Interviews complemented these data. High-achieving participants reported most flow in inquiry and in their favorite subjects; in both situations, they could participate in determining the content. All students reported greater flow in inquiry-based activities and environments, and in their favorite subjects versus recent units. All preferred challenging over easy work although for different reasons. All highlighted feeling able to succeed and interest in an activity to experience flow.

scholarly journals The Role of the Family in the Course and Treatment of Bipolar Disorder

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 192-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Miklowitz
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Developmental Pathways ◽  
Psychosocial Stressors ◽  
At Risk Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
Initial Onset ◽  
Patterns Of Interaction

Bipolar disorder is a highly recurrent and debilitating illness. Research has implicated the role of psychosocial stressors, including high expressed-emotion (EE) attitudes among family members, in the relapse–remission course of the disorder. This article explores the developmental pathways by which EE attitudes originate and predict relapses of bipolar disorder. Levels of EE are correlated with the illness attributions of caregivers and bidirectional patterns of interaction between caregivers and patients during the postepisode period. Although the primary treatments for bipolar disorder are pharmacological, adjunctive psychosocial interventions have additive effects in relapse prevention. Randomized controlled trials demonstrate that the combination of family-focused therapy (FFT) and pharmacotherapy delays relapses and reduces symptom severity among patients followed over the course of 1 to 2 years. The effectiveness of FFT in delaying recurrences among adolescents with bipolar disorder and in delaying the initial onset of the illness among at-risk children is currently being investigated.

The Influences of the Family of Origin on Career Development

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan C. Whiston ◽  
Briana K. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Career Development ◽  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Career Decisions ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Family Process ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Process Variables

Based on a developmental contextual perspective advocated by Vondracek, Lerner, and Schulenberg, this article provides a comprehensive review of the research published since 1980related to family of origin influences on career developmentandoccupational choice. Because individuals are most likely to seek assistance with career decisions from family members, it is important that counseling psychologists understand how families can have a positive influence and facilitate career development. Influential family contextual factors are identified within four developmentallevels (i.e., children, adolescents, college students/young adults, and adults). Across the lifespan, both family structure variables (e.g., parents’ occupations) and family process variables (e.g., warmth, support, attachment, autonomy) were found to influence a host of career constructs; however, the process by which families influence career development is complex and is affected by many contextual factors such as race, gender, and age. Based on this comprehensivereview, implicationsfor counselingresearch andpracticeare discussed.

scholarly journals Does the closed fishing season influence the ichthyofauna consumed by Larus dominicanus?

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maiara Larissa Miotto ◽  
Barbara Maichak de Carvalho ◽  
Henry Louis Spach
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Trawl Fishery ◽  
Shrimp Trawl ◽  
Larus Dominicanus ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Closed Season

Abstract Fish that are incidentally caught by shrimp trawling represent a predictable and abundant resource for feeding several bird species, especially for the gull Larus dominicanus. This fishing activity is subject to disruptions throughout the year during closed fishing seasons, when other fishing modalities are exercised, which can alter the composition, abundance and size of the fish bycatch. This study evaluated the influence of the restriction of fishing period of shrimp (closed season) on the diet of L. dominicanus, on the Paraná State coast. From December 2013 to August 2014, 10 pellets were collected per month in two distinct areas that have shrimp trawl fishery as the main economic activity: one continental and another in an estuarine island. In total, 920 fish were identified, divided into four families and 15 species, especially the family Sciaenidae with 11 species. There were differences in abundance and biomass of species between areas and between seasons of pre-closure, closure and post-closure. Differences for the mean total length of the species were only detected between the pre-closed and closed seasons in one area. This study evidenced the strong relationship between L. dominicanus and the shrimp trawl fishery, the species composition identified in the pellets and their respective morphometric measurements follow the same pattern of the literature for fish discarded in trawling activities.

scholarly journals The relationship between hopelessness and perceived social support levels of parents with children with congenital heart disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 655-661
Author(s):  
Tugba Nur Oden ◽  
Rahsan Cam
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between hopelessness and perceived social support levels of parents with children with congenital heart disease (CHD). Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with parents of children who underwent surgery for CHD, and data were collected from 100 parents who agreed to participate in the study. A descriptive information form for the sociodemographic characteristics of the parents, “Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS)” and “Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS)” were used to collect the data. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s correlation tests. Results: The mean score of the hopelessness level of the parents participating in the study was 6.15±4.23, and the mean perceived general social support score was 69.55±15.47. There was a significant negative correlation between the hopelessness levels of mothers and social support (SS) received from the family, from significant others, and general SS scores. There was a significant positive correlation between the hopelessness levels of the mothers and the SS level received from the family (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, the parents of children with CHD have low levels of hopelessness and perceived SS levels are high. Moreover, the relationship between hopelessness and perceived SS levels varies according to the sex of the parents. In our study, the SS level of mothers had a higher effect on the hopelessness level. It is recommended that the SS levels of the parents of children with CHD should be increased to help them cope with hopelessness.

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