Disability in Schizophrenic Disorders

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
J. Wancata ◽  
M. Freidl ◽  
F. Friedrich ◽  
T. Matschnig ◽  
A. Unger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Subjective Burden ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
The Family ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Mean

Aims:The purpose of this study was to investigate disability among patients suffering from schizophrenia and to identify predictors of disability.Methods:101 patients from different types of psychiatric services in Vienna and diagnosed with schizophrenia according to ICD-10 were included. They were investigates by means of 36-Item self-administered version of the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHO-DAS-II) and the PANSS-scale. Patients’ mothers and fathers were asked to fill in the Family Problem Questionnaire.Results:The mean total score of the WHO-DAS-II was 74.1 (SD 21.9). When using weighted sub-scores the highest disability scores were found for social contacts, participation in society and household (means 2.58, 2.57 and 2.51 respectively). Using logistic regression, overall disability was positively associated with patient's age, overall severity of symptoms (PANSS) and number of previous hospital admissions. Overall disability was not associated with duration of illness and or patient's gender. The subjective burden experienced by patients’ fathers and mothers were increased by reduced social contacts and impaired participation in society, while we could not find an association with other domains of patient's disability (understanding, mobility, self-care, household).Conclusions:This study shows that schizophrenia results in disability in several domains. Family caregivers’ burden was predominantly increased by social consequences of schizophrenia.

Fathers and Mothers of Patients with Schizophrenia

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
J. Wancata ◽  
M. Freidl ◽  
M. Krautgartner ◽  
F. Friedrich ◽  
T. Matschnig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Subjective Burden ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Family Counselling ◽  
The Family ◽  
Burn Out ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Objective Burden

Aims:To investigate caregiving and its consequences among fathers and mothers of the same patients suffering from schizophrenia.Methods:101 patients as well as both parents were investigated using the “Carers' Needs Assessment for Schizophrenia”, the “Beck Depression Inventory”, the “Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire” and the “Family Problem Questionnaire”.Results:The mean number of days fathers lived together with the patients was not significant from that of the mothers, but the average duration (hours per week) of contact with the patient was significantly higher for mothers than for fathers. Among 40% of the sample, fathers and mothers spend an equal amount of time caring for the patient. Mothers reported significantly more often problems than fathers concerning stress due to earlier life events and burn-out. Mothers needed some interventions such as individual psychoeducation or family counselling more than twice as often as fathers. Mothers reported overall higher numbers of problems and needs for intervention than fathers. The overall score of caregivers' involvement did not differ significantly between fathers and mothers. The mothers' objective burden was significantly higher than the fathers' objective burden, but parents did not show differences concerning subjective burden. Using the “Beck Depression Inventory”, mothers were more often depressed than fathers.Conclusions:This study shows that often fathers and mothers spend an equal amount of time caring for the patient. The differences found between mothers and fathers should be considered when planning services for family caregivers.

scholarly journals Association of Arterial Hypertension with Hepatobiliary Pathology: The Occurrence of Comorbidity and Features of Metabolic Processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-147
Author(s):  
Sevostyanova E. Viktorovna ◽  
Nikolaev Y. Alekseevich ◽  
Polyakov V. Yakovlevich ◽  
Mitrofanov I. Michailovich
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Icd 10

: Comorbidity of hypertension and hepatobiliary pathology has negative medical and social consequences, including an increase in the indicators of hospital admissions, disability and mortality. Objective: The aim was to study the occurrence of hypertension combined with hepatobiliary diseases depending on social status, gender and age in 2003-2017 and their influence on indicators of metabolic processes in patients with a therapeutic profile. Methods: A cross-sectional study using the inpatients’ medical record database of the clinic of Federal Research Centre for Basic and Translational Medicine (Novosibirsk, Russia), which collects demographics, diagnoses (using ICD-10 codes), procedures and examinations of all inpatients from 2003-2017 was conducted. The incidence of comorbidity of hypertension and hepatobiliary pathology depending on age, gender and social status, based on the analysis of 13496 medical records was examined. A comparative analysis of biochemical parameters characterizing the main types of metabolism (lipid, protein, carbohydrate and purine) was carried out in 3 groups of patients: with hypertension; with hepatobiliary pathology, and with a combined pathology. Results: During the years 2003-2005, there was the greatest frequency of this comorbidity in workers, in women, in the age group 60 years and older. In 2009-2017, the highest incidence was observed in the male administrative staff. In patients with this comorbidity, more pronounced changes in carbohydrate, protein, lipid and purine metabolism were found in comparison with groups of patients with isolated diseases. Conclusion: The results highlight the need to improve the system of prevention and treatment of comorbidity taking into account sex, age, occupation and features of metabolism.

Family disruption, economic hardship and psychological distress in schizophrenia: can they be measured?

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 408-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Madianos ◽  
M. Economou ◽  
O. Dafni ◽  
E. Koukia ◽  
A. Palli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Burden ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Perceived Burden ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
The Family ◽  
Burden Scale ◽  
Psychological Impairment ◽  
Athens Area

AbstractThis study examined the dimensions of burden perceived by key-relatives of patients suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorder by the development of an instrument, the Family Burden Scale (FBS) and the underlying predictors. One hundred and seventy one primary caregivers, living with 158 patients suffering from chronic psychotic illness and maintained on community basis in Athens area, were interviewed by the use of FBS supplemented by the Family Atmosphere Scale and GHQ. Construction procedure and factor analysis of FBS produced a scale of 23 items in four factors, three of them measuring objective and the fourth one, subjective burden. The scale was also proved to be reliable and valid. Forty-five percent of primary caregivers reported high levels of burden. Psychological impairment (high GHQ scores) was related with high levels of burden and negative family atmosphere. Previous admissions and duration of illness were also found to predict burden. The results suggest that FBS differentiates objective from subjective burden. Psychological well being of carers is affected by the dimensions of perceived burden.

scholarly journals The Impossibility of Queering the Mother: New Sightings of the Virgin Mother in the ‘Secular’ State

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Sherwood
Keyword(s):  
Family Law ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ten Commandments ◽  
The Family ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Biblical Texts ◽  
Secular State

In this part autobiographical essay, I explore the social consequences of the rise of the so-called ‘tender years’ doctrine coinciding with the rise in divorce. I argue that this has led to increased gender apartheid around the figures of M-for-Mother and F-for-Father, and a new sanctification of the figure of the holy mother-and-child. I look at the inverse and complementary relations between M-for-Male and F-for Female and M-for-Mother and F-for-Father, and I argue (counterintuitively) that origins, mothers, and fathers are queerer in ancient myths and the Bible than they are in contemporary semantics and law. I use strange old biblical texts (Solomon’s judgment; the trial of Abraham) to create unheimlich echoes for the so-called secular state and its strange constructions of the family; and I show how the Ten Commandments continue to influence family law.

Comparison of Separation Patterns between Parents and Offspring in Psychiatric and Nonclinical Families

2007 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Szymon Chrzastowski
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Family Groups

This study examined the specific separation patterns of binding and expelling in families with young adults. 103 families were divided into three groups according to the ICD–10 diagnosis of offspring (18-35 years old): (1) schizophrenia ( ns = 32 mothers and 30 fathers), (2) personality disorders ( ns = 34 mothers and 30 fathers), (3) control, nonclinical group ( ns=34 mothers and 32 fathers). The participants (mothers and fathers) independently completed the Relational Individuation Questionnaire designed for this study. Despite expectations, there was no statistical significance found between the mean scores of the parents' binding of offspring diagnosed with schizophrenia or personality disorders or from the nonclinical families. There was, however, a difference in the intensity of the mothers' expelling ( F2,97 = 10.90, p< .0001) and of the fathers' expelling ( F2,89 = 5.96, p<.005) from different family groups. The parents of offspring from clinical families expelled their offspring more intensively than parents from nonclinical families. The correlation between expelling by mothers and expelling by fathers in all families was positive. These results suggest that expelling may be a strategy used by parents with children with serious mental disorders when these children reach young adulthood.

scholarly journals Internal stigma features at relatives of psychotic patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
N. B. Lutova ◽  
O. V. Makarevich
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Family Members ◽  
General Point ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Taking Care

The aim of the work was to study the severity and structure of self-stigma in relatives ofpsychotic patients. The study recruited 34 people who take care for patients with psychotic disorders (F2 and F3 according to ICD-10). Among them: 26-parents of patients (26-mothers), 4-spouses, 3- siblings and 1 child. The socio-demographic data of patients’ relatives were collected, for self-stigma evaluation was used SSI-F (Self-Stigma Family Inventory), which allows assessing the severity and structure of the family self-stigma. As a result, of the study, it was found that the intensity (by sub-scales and general point) of the caregivers did not threshold the mean score 2,5. The majority of respondents (76,5%) were patients’ parents and in 67,7% — were mothers. The differences in structure and overall intensity in different groups (gender, age, family position, employment and presence of other persons for care (children)) were found. Mild positive correlation between subscale social withdrawal (SSI-F) and age was observed. Discussed: general self-stigma vulnerability in groups of mothers and in persons over 50 years of age were higher, than in other relatives’ groups; sensitivity of internal stigma formation in spouses, working persons and relatives taking care with other family members,including children, had specific features.

The Arabic Origins of English and Indo-European “Definite Articles”: A Radical Linguistic Theory Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Zaidan Ali Jassem
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
General Level ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Linguistic Change ◽  
European Languages ◽  
The Family ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definite Articles

This paper traces the Arabic origins or cognates of the “definite articles” in English and Indo-European languages from a radical linguistic (or lexical root) theory perspective. The data comprises the definite articles in English, German, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Romanian, Latin, Greek, Macedonian, Russian, Polish, Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Persian, and Arabic. The results clearly indicate that five different types of such articles emerged in the data, all of which have true Arabic cognates with the same or similar forms and meanings, whose differences are due to natural and plausible causes and different routes of linguistic change, especially lexical, semantic, or morphological shift. Therefore, the results support the adequacy of the radical linguistic theory according to which, unlike the Family Tree Model or Comparative Method, Arabic, English, German, French, Latin, Greek, and Sanskrit not only belong to the same language family, renamed Eurabian or Urban family, but also are dialects of the same language, with Arabic being their origin all because only it shares the whole cognates with them all and because it has a huge phonetic, morphological, grammatical, and lexical variety. They also manifest fundamental flaws and grave drawbacks which plague English and Indo-European lexicography for ignoring Arabic as an ultimate ancestor and progenitor not only in the treatment of the topic at hand but in all others in general. On a more general level, they also show that there is a radical language from which all human languages stemmed and which has been preserved almost intact in Arabic, thus being the most conservative and productive language

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 infection on hip fracture 30-day mortality

Trauma ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146040862094972
Author(s):  
Ahmed Fadulelmola ◽  
Rob Gregory ◽  
Gavin Gordon ◽  
Fiona Smith ◽  
Andrew Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Time To Death ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mean Time

Introduction: A novel virus, SARS-CoV-2, has caused a fatal global pandemic which particularly affects the elderly and those with comorbidities. Hip fractures affect elderly populations, necessitate hospital admissions and place this group at particular risk from COVID-19 infection. This study investigates the effect of COVID-19 infection on 30-day hip fracture mortality. Method: Data related to 75 adult hip fractures admitted to two units during March and April 2020 were reviewed. The mean age was 83.5 years (range 65–98 years), and most (53, 70.7%) were women. The primary outcome measure was 30-day mortality associated with COVID-19 infection. Results: The COVID-19 infection rate was 26.7% (20 patients), with a significant difference in the 30-day mortality rate in the COVID-19-positive group (10/20, 50%) compared to the COVID-19-negative group (4/55, 7.3%), with mean time to death of 19.8 days (95% confidence interval: 17.0–22.5). The mean time from admission to surgery was 43.1 h and 38.3 h, in COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative groups, respectively. All COVID-19-positive patients had shown symptoms of fever and cough, and all 10 cases who died were hypoxic. Seven (35%) cases had radiological lung findings consistent of viral pneumonitis which resulted in mortality (70% of mortality). 30% ( n = 6) contracted the COVID-19 infection in the community, and 70% ( n = 14) developed symptoms after hospital admission. Conclusion: Hip fractures associated with COVID-19 infection have a high 30-day mortality. COVID-19 testing and chest X-ray for patients presenting with hip fractures help in early planning of high-risk surgeries and allow counselling of the patients and family using realistic prognosis.

scholarly journals The volume of general surgery emergency cases in a government hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic and two other periods: a comparative, retrospective study

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Abu Shakra ◽  
Maxim Bez ◽  
Samer Ganam ◽  
Rola Francis ◽  
Amir Muati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Medical Laboratory ◽  
Government Hospital ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Medical Emergencies ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Surgery Department ◽  
Second Lebanon War

Abstract Background During March and April 2020, reductions in non-COVID-19 hospital admissions were observed around the world. Elective surgeries, visits with general practitioners, and diagnoses of medical emergencies were consequently delayed. Objective To compare the characteristics of patients admitted to a northern Israeli hospital with common surgical complaints during three periods: the lockdown due to the COVID-19 outbreak, the Second Lebanon War in 2006, and a regular period. Methods Demographic, medical, laboratory, imaging, intraoperative, and pathological data were collected from electronic medical files of patients who received emergency treatment at the surgery department of a single hospital in northern Israel. We retrospectively compared the characteristics of patients who were admitted with various conditions during three periods. Results Patients’ mean age and most of the clinical parameters assessed were similar between the periods. However, pain was reportedly higher during the COVID-19 than the control period (8.7 vs. 6.4 on a 10-point visual analog scale, P < 0.0001). During the COVID-19 outbreak, the Second Lebanon War, and the regular period, the mean numbers of patients admitted daily were 1.4, 4.4, and 3.0, respectively. The respective mean times from the onset of symptoms until admission were 3, 1, and 1.5 days, P < 0.001. The respective proportions of surgical interventions for appendiceal disease were 95%, 96%, and 69%; P = 0.03. Conclusions Compared to a routine period, patients during the COVID-19 outbreak waited longer before turning to hospitalization, and reported more pain at arrival. Patients during both emergency periods were more often treated surgically than non-operatively.

scholarly journals Comparison of viromes in vaginal secretion from pregnant women with and without vaginitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
He-Teng Zhang ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Hai-Sheng Wu ◽  
Jian Zeng ◽  
Yan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sequence Comparison ◽  
Pairwise Sequence Comparison ◽  
Vaginal Secretion ◽  
The Family ◽  
Complete Genomes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Vaginal Tract

Abstract Background Although some studies have investigated the bacterial community in vaginal tract of pregnant women, there are few reports about the viral community (virome) in this type of microenvironment. Methods To investigate the composition of virome in vaginal secretion samples, 40 vaginal secretion samples from pregnant women with vaginitis and 20 vaginal secretion samples from pregnant women without vaginitis, pooled into 4 and 2 sample pools, respectively, were subjected to viral metagenomic analysis. Results Results indicated virus sequences showing similarity to human papillomavirus (HPV), anellovirus, and norovirus were recovered from this cohort of pregnant women. Further analysis indicated that 15 different defined types and one unclassified type of HPV were detected from pregnant women with vaginitis while only 3 defined types of HPV were detected in pregnant women without vaginitis. Five different groups of viruses from the family Anelloviridae were present in pregnant women with but none of them were detected in pregnant women without vaginitis. Norovirus was detected in 3 out of the 4 sample pools from pregnant women with vaginitis but none in the pregnant women without vaginitis. Twelve complete genomes belonging to 10 different types of HPV, and 5 novel anllovirus genomes belonging 2 different genera in Anelloviridae were acquired from these libraries, based on which phylogenetical analysis and pairwise sequence comparison were performed. Phageome in these samples was also briefly characterized and compared between two groups. Conclusion Our data suggested that virome might play an important role in the progression of vaginitis in pregnant women.

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