Individual Personality Characteristics Related to Suggestibility

2002 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 1007-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl W. Van Hook ◽  
Connie Steele
Keyword(s):  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ambiguity Tolerance ◽  
Tolerance Of Ambiguity ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
Male College ◽  
Tolerance For Ambiguity ◽  
Short Video ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experimental Group

The current study investigated the relationship between suggestibility of memory, personality characteristics identified by the Millon Index of Personality Traits, and tolerance for ambiguity measured by MacDonald's Ambiguity Tolerance-20. 85 female and 16 male college students were assigned to either an experimental group receiving the suggestive information or a control group. Suggestibility was assessed using Lindberg's suggestibility measure consisting of a short video, followed by a questionnaire used to assess memory, and a second administration one week later. Logistical regression analyses were used to construct a model of the personality characteristics predictive of suggestibility and indicated that susceptibility to suggestive information may differ across personalities for variables such as sensing, innovating, agreeing, and low tolerance of ambiguity.

The Relationship Between Articulatory Deficits and Syntax in Speech Defective Children

1969 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Shriner ◽  
Mary Sayre Holloway ◽  
Raymond G. Daniloff
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experimental Group

The relationship between articulatory deficits and the development of syntax in children with severe articulation problems was investigated. Subjects in the experimental group were 30 normal elementary school children, enrolled in grades one through three, who had severe problems with articulation. Thirty normal children, free from any articulation errors, served as a control group. Children with defective articulation performed significantly less well in the areas of grammatical usage, and used shorter sentences. The relationship between phonological and syntactical errors is discussed, with implications for therapy.

scholarly journals A Study of Interactions among Ambiguity Tolerance, Classroom Work Styles, and English Proficiency

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Hua Chiang
Keyword(s):  
English Learners ◽  
Technical College ◽  
English Proficiency ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ambiguity Tolerance ◽  
Tolerance For Ambiguity ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Relationship

<p>This article presents a preliminary investigation of the inter-relationships between English learners’ tolerance for ambiguity, their classroom work styles, and their level of English proficiency. The study population comprised 46 English as a foreign language (EFL) students attending a technical college in Taiwan. The findings indicated that a large percentage of these students had moderate to high levels of tolerance for ambiguity. In contrast to the findings of previous studies, our results showed no significant relationship between ambiguity tolerance and classroom work styles. The relationship between ambiguity tolerance and English proficiency in terms of the Test of English for International Communication (TOEIC) scores was almost statistically significant. However, tolerance for ambiguity and classroom work styles showed a statistically significant association with English proficiency. Recommended extensions of the study are discussed, and general directions for future research are suggested. Teaching implementations are also proposed.<strong></strong></p>

Relationship between Lactase Activity and Intestinal Flora Structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 3104-3109
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Mingjian Huang ◽  
Jianfeng Chen ◽  
Shuyuan Wang ◽  
Jian Xu
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Lactose Intolerance ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lactase Activity ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Infants And Young Children

To analyze and explore the relationship between lactase activity and the structure of intestinal flora in infants under 1 year old. Method: Our hospital selected 60 infants and young children in the Haizhu Maternity and Child Health Hospital from August 2019 to September 2020 as the research objects. The infants in the experimental group were diagnosed as lactose intolerant infants, the control group were normal infants, and the experimental group and control group had 30 cases each. The relationship between lactase activity and intestinal flora structure. Result: The experimental group had fewer beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract than the control group, but improved lactase activity by correcting the structure of the intestinal flora and alleviating symptoms of lactose intolerance. Conclusion: Infants and young children are prone to non-infectious diarrhea, and the causes are more complicated, but most of them are related to lactose intolerance. When infants and young children develop lactose intolerance, it is necessary to pay attention to the lack of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract. Targeted supplementation of probiotics (such as Lactobacillus reuteri, Clostridium butyricum, etc.) can correct the intestinal flora, improve lactase activity, and relieve symptoms of lactose intolerance.

scholarly journals Sibship and self-esteem in children with asthma

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Concetta Polizzi ◽  
Valentina Fontana ◽  
Antonio Carollo ◽  
Alessandra Bono ◽  
Sofia Burgio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Control ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Healthy Siblings ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experimental Group

This study has explored the valence of sibship that may empower the self-esteem of children with asthma at the interpersonal, environmental control competence, emotionality management, and body-image levels. It has been assumed that the relationship between siblings may have a moderating effect on the negative impact that asthma has on child’s development. Seventy children suffering from chronic asthma have been involved: 40 children with siblings (experimental group) and 30 sibling-free children (control group). The children with asthma have exhibited higher levels of self-esteem in comparison with the sibling-free children. The results of the study, at the clinical significance level, highlight how meaningful could be the involvement of healthy siblings to support the development, and to ease the compliance of children suffering from asthma. The outcomes have confirmed the supportive valence of sibship for the self-esteem of the children with asthma.

Differences in personality characteristics between body‐modified and non‐modified individuals: associations with individual personality traits and their possible evolutionary implications

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 931-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Wohlrab ◽  
Jutta Stahl ◽  
Thomas Rammsayer ◽  
Peter M. Kappeler
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Body Modification ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Piercing ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Body Modifications

After a long history of negative stigmatisation, the practices of tattooing and body piercing have become fashionable in the last decade. Today, 10% of the population in modern western societies have some form of body modification. The aim of this study was to quantify the demographic and personality traits of tattooed and pierced individuals and to compare them with a control group of individuals without body modifications. These comparisons are based on questionnaires completed by 359 individuals that investigate the details of body modification, and which incorporate five personality scales. We describe several sex differences in ornament style and location. We found no relevant differences between modified and non‐modified individuals in relation to demographic variables. This indicates that some of the traditional attitudes towards tattoos and piercings appear to be outdated. However, we found striking differences in personality traits which suggest that body‐modified individuals are greater sensation seekers and follow a more unrestricted mating strategy than their non‐modified contemporaries. We discuss these differences in light of a potential signalling function of tattoos and piercings in the mating context. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Locus of Control and Decision to Abort

1984 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul N. Dixon ◽  
Donald A. Strano ◽  
Welborn Willingham
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
General Population ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Construct

The relationship of locus of control to deciding on an abortion was investigated. Rotter's Scale was given to 118 women immediately prior to abortion, 2 wk., and 3 mo. following the abortion. Subjects' locus of control scores were compared across the three times, and the abortion group's pretest scores were compared with those of a nonpregnant control group. As hypothesized, the aborting group scored significantly more internal than the general population but no differences in locus of control were found across the three times. The length of delay in deciding to abort an unwanted pregnancy following confirmation was also assessed. Women seeking first-trimester abortions were divided into internal and external groups on the Rotter Locus of Control Scale and the lengths of delay were compared. The hypothesis that external scorers would delay the decision longer than internal ones was confirmed. The results confirm characteristics of the locus of control construct and add information about personality characteristics of women undergoing abortion.

The Application of Autogenic Feedback Training in a Smoking Termination Program

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-341
Author(s):  
Jean K. Boullion ◽  
W. William Chen
Keyword(s):  
Practical Method ◽  
Anxiety Reduction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feedback Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Effective Adjunct ◽  
Experimental Group

The tremendous potential for autogenic feedback training in helping smokers to deal with their anxiety before and after termination as well as the need to make autogenic feedback training in a practical method for smoking termination prompted this study which: (1) investigated the changes in smoking activity in subjects who have had autogenic feedback training and those who have not; (2) investigated the relationship between the success in performing autogenic feedback and the success in smoking termination; and (3) investigated the effect of autogenic feedback training on anxiety reduction before and after smoking termination. Twenty-three subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. The first group received the autogenic feedback training initially while the second group served as the control. This control group became a second experimental group upon the completion of the first phase. The results of the study revealed that the autogenic feedback training was an effective adjunct to a smoking termination program. Eighty-one per cent reduction in smoking activity was found for the subjects that received the training.

scholarly journals Multiple intelligences: Educational and cognitive development with a guiding focus

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Beatriz Berrios Aguayo ◽  
Cristina Arazola Ruano ◽  
Antonio Pantoja Vallejo
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Intelligences ◽  
Student Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
Creative Development ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Traditional Pedagogy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Educational Field ◽  
Experimental Group

Development and dissemination of innovative pedagogies continues to be one of the challenges of the 21st century. The visible deficiencies in the educational field have highlighted the need for other types of pedagogies that promote complete student development. Gardner’s theory about multiple intelligences (MIs) has great potential that has not yet been realised in practice in school contexts. With this research we aimed to analyse the relationship between the intelligences that students develop in primary education and the increase in certain cognitive and academic capacities, and to demonstrate that a pedagogy based on Gardner’s theory does more to promote creativity, maturation and school performance than traditional teaching-learning pedagogies. A total of 420 participants from 2 state-funded schools participated in this study (experimental group = EG; control group = CG). The EG (n = 230) was taught using Gardner’s theory and the CG (n = 190) was taught according to traditional pedagogy. There was an association between the intelligences developed by the students and their academic, creative, and maturational levels. Finally, significant differences were found between the EG and CG, with the EG obtaining a higher mean in the variables analysed in favour of the EG. In conclusion, using MIs in classrooms allows for a more mature and creative development and greater academic performance.

scholarly journals Collaborative Instructional Strategies and Attitudes toward Second Language Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Carolyn F. Pardo-Tolentino ◽  
Rischelle G. Aggabao
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Instructional Strategies ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Second Language Learning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mind Mapping ◽  
Collaborative Strategies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experimental Group

This paper examines the effectiveness of using collaborative instructional strategies in teaching second language and presents the attitudes toward using these collaborative strategies among Grade 8 students. To determine the results, the experimental research design was used to test the relationship between the variables. Findings revealed that five collaborative learning strategies namely think-pair-share, jigsaw puzzle, mind mapping, round robin, and send a problem were assessed as satisfactory by the respondents. Though the data show these collaborative strategies received the same assessment, “send a problem” has the highest average mean. With regard to the respondents’ performance in the pretest and posttest, students who belong in the experimental group show a slight increase in scores than those students in the control group. Students from both groups have the same perception in using these collaborative strategies. Thus, the researchers believe that using collaborative instructional strategies help learners understand better the second language.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of an Improvement Writing Program According to Students' Reflexivity Levels

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Nicasio García ◽  
Ana Mª de Caso-Fuertes
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Learning Style ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Specific Intervention ◽  
Writing Program ◽  
Students With Learning Disabilities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experimental Group

After designing a writing program to enhance students' reflexivity and thus improve their compositions (García & de Caso, 2002a, 2002b), the aim of the research project was to show how reflexivity levels could influence the effectiveness of this program. This writing instruction through reflexivity was carried out with 5th and 6th grade students with learning disabilities (LD) and/or low achievement (LA) during 25 sessions. One hundred participants were assigned to either the experimental group (n = 49), which received specific intervention in writing and reflexivity, or the control group (n = 51), which simply received the ordinary curriculum. Both groups were assessed on the productivity and quality of their writing composition as well as their attitudes, self-efficacy, and reflexivity towards writing. The results show that coherence and reflexivity improved depending on the level of reflexivity, whereas the relationship with attitudes and self-efficacy is not so clear. Thus, it seems possible to improve LD and/or LA students' compositions by taking their reflexive style into account. Depending on the students' learning style, teachers should use either one or another technique.

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