Improvements in Self-Concept Associated with Reductions in Negative Mood in Preadolescents Enrolled in an After-School Physical Activity Program

2005 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 400-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Annesi
Keyword(s):  
Negative Mood ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
After School ◽  
Activity Program ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Theory ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
School Care

Preadolescents enrolled in either a 3 times per week, 12-week exercise program ( n = 50) or a no-exercise program control condition ( n = 42) during their after-school care, were assessed for indication of whether exercise-induced changes in self-concept and overall negative mood were negatively correlated. Significant improvements in ratings of self-concept and of negative mood were found over 12 wk. Inverse relationships were found between changes in physical self-concept with overall self-concept and negative mood ( r = –.40 and –.36, respectively). Results supported the positive effect of exercise on the assessed psychological factors in preadolescents. Cognitive behavioral theory-based explanations of the findings were discussed.

Correlations of Depression and Total Mood Disturbance with Physical Activity and Self-Concept in Preadolescents Enrolled in an After-School Exercise Program

2005 ◽  
Vol 96 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 891-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Annesi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Mood Disturbance ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
After School ◽  
Vigorous Exercise ◽  
Total Mood Disturbance

This preliminary investigation estimated relationships of depression and negative mood with physical activity and self-concept in 9- to 12-yr.-old boys and girls ( n = 49) enrolled in an after-school exercise program for 12 wk. Multiple regression analyses indicated that a significant portion of the variance in scores on the Profile of Mood States subscales, Depression ( R2 = .55, F = 28.00, p <.01), and Total Mood Disturbance ( R2 = .40, F = 15.02, p < .01) were accounted for by simultaneously entering self-reported days of moderate-to-vigorous exercise per week and Self-description Questionnaire-I–General Self scores into the equation. A significant reduction on Depression within the treatment group and significantly greater reductions on Depression and Total Mood Disturbance for the treatment group compared to a no-exercise program control ( n = 41) was also found. Effect sizes ( ds = .35 to .53) were somewhat lower than reported for most adult samples. Findings supported social cognitive and self-efficacy theory and an association between physical activity and improved mental health in preadolescents.

Self-Motivation Moderates Effect of Exercise-Induced Feelings on Adherence

2002 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Annesi
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Program ◽  
Regression Method ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cardiovascular Exercise ◽  
Feeling States ◽  
Multiple Regression Method ◽  
Affective Change ◽  
State Changes ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

The effect of cardiovascular exercise-induced feeling state changes on exercise program attendance was assessed with mixed-sex, adult new exercisers ( N = 72) using the Exercise-induced Feeling Inventory. Positive/Nonpositive patterns of after-exercise affective change were not significantly associated with attendance. When participants' scores on the Self-motivation Inventory of 1980 were analyzed, a significant portion of the variance in attendance ( R2 = .10, F = 3.94, p<.03) was explained. A similar, but not significant R2 of .07 was noted when the single Exercise-induced Feeling Inventory subscale of Physical Exhaustion was assessed using the same multiple regression method. Implications for adherence of new exercisers and its dependence on self-motivation and exercise-induced changes in feeling states were discussed. The need to replicate findings across various types of participant, exercise, and setting was emphasized.

scholarly journals Exercise Program-Related Psychosocial Changes Promote Healthy Weight in Youth

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-131
Author(s):  
James J. Annesi
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
After School ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Care Protocol

Background: An inappropriately high weight in children is a predictor of health risks. Reliable interventions that are easily disseminated are needed. Objective: Based on findings with adults, exercise-support methods might be leveraged to change behavioral predictors of a healthy body composition in youth. Analyses of changes in theory-based psychological variables’ association with changes in body composition within the context of youth-tailored treatment are required. Method: A 45 minute/day, 4 day/week, social cognitive/self-efficacy theory-based after-school care protocol, Youth Fit 4 Life, was tested in children of a normal (n=54) and overweight/obese (n=32) body composition over a school year. The treatment’s emphasis was on improvements in mood, self-efficacy, and self-regulation related to physical activity. Validated self-report measures of negative mood, self-regulation, and self-efficacy, and BMI, were administered at baseline, and months 3 and 9. The prediction of BMI change from changes in the psychosocial variables was assessed using multiple regression analyses. Results: Change in BMI and improvements in the aforementioned psychosocial factors were significant over both 3 and 9 months, and did not differ between body composition groups. Analyses indicated that over 3 months, self-regulation change was a significant predictor of BMI change (β=-0.26, SE=0.05, P=0.03), while over 9 months, self-efficacy change significantly predicted BMI change (β=-0.21, SE=0.02, P=0.05). Conclusion: After replications and extensions focused also on eating behaviors, it was suggested that the inexpensive and efficient Youth Fit 4 Life protocol might be scalable across community venues to address childhood overweight and obesity.

Changes in Pulmonary Function Response to a 10-Week Controlled Exercise Program in Sedentary Elderly Adults

2005 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 394-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoyuan Huang ◽  
Wayne H. Osness
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

This randomized clinical trial was aimed to assess whether pulmonary function would change in sedentary elderly people after a controlled exercise program. 45 participants over 75 yr. of age ( M age 83.7 ± 3.0) were assigned randomly to a control and two aerobic exercise groups of moderate and high intensity. In 10 wk. the program sessions were 40 min. in duration 3 days per week. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec. (FEV1.0) were measured pre- and post-intervention. After the training, the Moderate intensity group experienced significant mean change in FVC. In the High intensity group, significant changes were observed in both FVC and FEV1.0, but no change was noted for the Control group. The 10-wk. aerobic training of moderate or high intensity showed positive effects on pulmonary function in these elderly individuals. These exercise-induced changes may be dose-related.

Abstract 36: Changes in HDL Particle Traits in Response to Regular Exercise: Results from the HERITAGE Family Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A Sarzynski ◽  
Tuomo Rankinen ◽  
Arthur S Leon ◽  
Dabeeru C Rao ◽  
James S Skinner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Study ◽  
Familial Aggregation ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

Given the controversy around HDL-C as a therapeutic target, there is a need to investigate other features of HDL and how they respond to various preventive interventions. We tested the hypothesis that regular exercise would have beneficial effects on HDL particle (HDL-P) traits in sedentary adults. Methods: The following HDL-P traits were measured via NMR (Liposcience Inc.) before and after completion of a 20-week exercise program in the HERITAGE Family Study (N=715): concentration of total, large, medium, and small HDL-P and mean HDL-P size. ANCOVA was used to test for aggregation of HDL-P trait responses in families controlling for age, sex, and baseline BMI and trait value. Results: The concentration of large HDL-P significantly increased in response to regular exercise in both Black and White participants, while the increase was significantly larger in females compared to males (Table 1). In general, regular exercise decreased the concentration of medium and small HDL-P. Together, these responses contributed to a significant increase in the average cholesterol content of HDL particles. Exercise-induced changes in large HDL-P were inversely correlated with changes in fat mass and systolic blood pressure. Moreover, changes in BMI were significantly associated with changes in all of the HDL-P traits, but not with HDL-C. We found significant evidence of familial aggregation for the exercise-induced changes in HDL-P traits in both races, as there was 1.4 to 1.6 times more variance between than within families for the changes in total (p=0.02 in Whites) and large HDL-P (p=0.004 in Whites, p=0.02 in Blacks) and HDL-P size (p=0.0009 in Whites, p=0.009 in Blacks). Conclusion: The HDL-P subclass profile favorably responded to regular exercise in sedentary Black and White adults, highlighted by increases in the concentration of large HDL-P, and may be influenced by a significant genetic component. We provide evidence that regular exercise could potentially be used as an HDL-based therapy designed to target beneficial subfractions.

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