Application of GIS Methods in Assessing Effects of Mining Activity on Surface Infrastructure/Zastosowanie Metod Gis W Ocenie Wpływu Działalności Górniczej Na Infrastrukturę Na Powierzchni

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Blachowski ◽  
Adam Chrzanowski ◽  
Anna Szostak-Chrzanowski
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Ground Subsidence ◽  
Mathematical Functions ◽  
Vertical Displacements ◽  
Horizontal Strain ◽  
Continuous Displacement ◽  
Gis Methods

Abstract Tilt (T), curvature (K) and horizontal strain (ε) in ground subsidence troughs are the basic deformation parameters, which are used in the assessment of mining effects on surface infrastructure. The parameters can be determined from mathematical functions describing the continuous displacement field. The latter can be obtained by the least squares fitting of selected displacement functions to results of three-dimensional monitoring of horizontal and vertical displacements at discrete points. A methodology based on spatial data modelling in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) facilitates the above process as demonstrated on the example of a mining area in Canada. Polish guidelines regarding classification of mining risk categories based on the values of these parameters have been used in the example.

Research on Generalization Technology of Spatial Line Vector Data

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 1153-1156
Author(s):  
Shi Qing Dou ◽  
Xiao Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vector Data ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
3D Environment ◽  
Development Direction ◽  
The Future ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Data Generalization

Data simplification is an important factor of the spatial data generalization, which is an effective way to improve rendering speed. This paper firstly introduces the algorithms classification of the spatial line vector data in two-dimensional environment, and then it emphatically summarizes and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the algorithms which can be used in the spatial line vector data simplification in the three dimensional environment. The three-dimensional Douglas-Peucker algorithm with a certain overall characteristics has wide application prospect. The simplified algorithms in 3D environment represent the development direction of the future. But at present, the existing data simplification algorithms in 3D environment are not mature enough, they all have certain advantages and disadvantages, this makes their use is limited by a certain extent. The application of these simplified algorithms in 2D and 3D is mostly on multi-resolution expression. Developing from 2D algorithm to the direction of 3D algorithm, it also lists many works and problems that need us to do and study in the future.

scholarly journals Ground subsidence information as a valuable layer in GIS analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 02006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radosław Murdzek ◽  
Hubert Malik ◽  
Andrzej Leśniak
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Ground Subsidence ◽  
Gis Analysis ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Differential Interferometry ◽  
Gis Tools

Among the technologies used to improve functioning of local governments the geographic information systems (GIS) are widely used. GIS tools allow to simultaneously integrate spatial data resources, analyse them, process and use them to make strategic decisions. Nowadays GIS analysis is widely used in spatial planning or environmental protection. In these applications a number of spatial information are utilized, but rarely it is an information about environmental hazards. This paper includes information about ground subsidence that occurred in USCB mining area into GIS analysis. Monitoring of this phenomenon can be carried out using the radar differential interferometry (DInSAR) method.

Law of Ground Subsidence and Strata Movement Caused by Backfill Mining of "under Three" Coal

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 2304-2308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Jian Yu ◽  
Tao Feng ◽  
Xin Yuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Coal Pillar ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Computational Scheme ◽  
Ground Subsidence ◽  
Strata Movement ◽  
Backfill Mining ◽  
Flac 3D ◽  
3D Software

Taking 24 mining area of Zhouyuanshan mine as the research object, analysis on law of ground subsidence and strata movement caused by backfill mining of "under three" coal is carried on by using numerical simulation method. A three-dimensional numerical model is established by using FLAC 3D software. To analyze the computational scheme of remain wide coal pillar and gradually to finish backfill mining, results showed that the maximal subsidence displacement value is 30.8mm along the coal strike and the subsidence displacement value is 32.1mm along the coal seam inclination; In addition, computational scheme of backfill mining with narrow coal pillar is analyzed, results showed that the filling body plays a stronger supporting role for the roof strata, to fully mobilize the bearing capacity of filling body, forming a relatively coordinated bearing system of " backfill body + coal pillar + overlying strata ".

Investigating the Effects of Mining Subsidence on Buried Pipeline Using Finite Element Modeling

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolin Wang ◽  
Jian Shuai ◽  
Yuanxi Ye ◽  
Shangzhi Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Mining Subsidence ◽  
Ground Movement ◽  
Ground Subsidence ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Buried Pipeline ◽  
Oblique Direction

To investigate the effects of mining subsidence on buried pipeline, a computer program to predict three-dimensional ground movement is developed based on Probability Function Integration Method and pressurized pipeline subject to ground subsidence is modeled by using finite element method. Pipeline deformation, stress, strain and the influence of pipeline route are analyzed. The results show that bending combined with compression and twisting results in high stress and strain level for pipeline running athwart subsidence area, while for pipeline parallel to strike or oblique direction of mining gob, obvious twisting is not found and main deformation of pipeline is bending combined with tension which results in lower stress and strain than the former. It is recommended for pipeline design or route selection in mining area that pipeline should be laid parallel to the strike or oblique direction of mining gob in order to avoid complicated deformation.

Phonetic iconicity in the evaluative morphology of a sample of Indo-European, Niger-Congo and Austronesian languages

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renáta Gregová ◽  
Lívia Körtvélyessy ◽  
Július Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sound Symbolism ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Austronesian Languages ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Phonetic Symbolism ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Core Vocabulary

Universals Archive (Universal #1926) indicates a universal tendency for sound symbolism in reference to the expression of diminutives and augmentatives. The research ( Štekauer et al. 2009 ) carried out on European languages has not proved the tendency at all. Therefore, our research was extended to cover three language families – Indo-European, Niger-Congo and Austronesian. A three-step analysis examining different aspects of phonetic symbolism was carried out on a core vocabulary of 35 lexical items. A research sample was selected out of 60 languages. The evaluative markers were analyzed according to both phonetic classification of vowels and consonants and Ultan's and Niewenhuis' conclusions on the dominance of palatal and post-alveolar consonants in diminutive markers. Finally, the data obtained in our sample languages was evaluated by means of a three-dimensional model illustrating the place of articulation of the individual segments.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Thematic Map Imaging of the Yacht Port on the Example of the Polish National Sailing Centre Marina in Gdańsk

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7016
Author(s):  
Pawel S. Dabrowski ◽  
Cezary Specht ◽  
Mariusz Specht ◽  
Artur Makar
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Convex Surface ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Thematic Maps ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The Many

The theory of cartographic projections is a tool which can present the convex surface of the Earth on the plane. Of the many types of maps, thematic maps perform an important function due to the wide possibilities of adapting their content to current needs. The limitation of classic maps is their two-dimensional nature. In the era of rapidly growing methods of mass acquisition of spatial data, the use of flat images is often not enough to reveal the level of complexity of certain objects. In this case, it is necessary to use visualization in three-dimensional space. The motivation to conduct the study was the use of cartographic projections methods, spatial transformations, and the possibilities offered by thematic maps to create thematic three-dimensional map imaging (T3DMI). The authors presented a practical verification of the adopted methodology to create a T3DMI visualization of the marina of the National Sailing Centre of the Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport (Poland). The profiled characteristics of the object were used to emphasize the key elements of its function. The results confirmed the increase in the interpretative capabilities of the T3DMI method, relative to classic two-dimensional maps. Additionally, the study suggested future research directions of the presented solution.

Turbulent three-dimensional dielectric electrohydrodynamic convection between two plates

2012 ◽  
Vol 696 ◽  
pp. 228-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kourmatzis ◽  
J. S. Shrimpton
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Turbulent Regime ◽  
Scalar Flux ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scalar Variance

AbstractThe fundamental mechanisms responsible for the creation of electrohydrodynamically driven roll structures in free electroconvection between two plates are analysed with reference to traditional Rayleigh–Bénard convection (RBC). Previously available knowledge limited to two dimensions is extended to three-dimensions, and a wide range of electric Reynolds numbers is analysed, extending into a fully inherently three-dimensional turbulent regime. Results reveal that structures appearing in three-dimensional electrohydrodynamics (EHD) are similar to those observed for RBC, and while two-dimensional EHD results bear some similarities with the three-dimensional results there are distinct differences. Analysis of two-point correlations and integral length scales show that full three-dimensional electroconvection is more chaotic than in two dimensions and this is also noted by qualitatively observing the roll structures that arise for both low (${\mathit{Re}}_{E} = 1$) and high electric Reynolds numbers (up to ${\mathit{Re}}_{E} = 120$). Furthermore, calculations of mean profiles and second-order moments along with energy budgets and spectra have examined the validity of neglecting the fluctuating electric field ${ E}_{i}^{\ensuremath{\prime} } $ in the Reynolds-averaged EHD equations and provide insight into the generation and transport mechanisms of turbulent EHD. Spectral and spatial data clearly indicate how fluctuating energy is transferred from electrical to hydrodynamic forms, on moving through the domain away from the charging electrode. It is shown that ${ E}_{i}^{\ensuremath{\prime} } $ is not negligible close to the walls and terms acting as sources and sinks in the turbulent kinetic energy, turbulent scalar flux and turbulent scalar variance equations are examined. Profiles of hydrodynamic terms in the budgets resemble those in the literature for RBC; however there are terms specific to EHD that are significant, indicating that the transfer of energy in EHD is also attributed to further electrodynamic terms and a strong coupling exists between the charge flux and variance, due to the ionic drift term.

scholarly journals How Can I Grab That?

i-com ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-85
Author(s):  
Matthias Weise ◽  
Raphael Zender ◽  
Ulrike Lucke
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Application Developers ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

AbstractThe selection and manipulation of objects in Virtual Reality face application developers with a substantial challenge as they need to ensure a seamless interaction in three-dimensional space. Assessing the advantages and disadvantages of selection and manipulation techniques in specific scenarios and regarding usability and user experience is a mandatory task to find suitable forms of interaction. In this article, we take a look at the most common issues arising in the interaction with objects in VR. We present a taxonomy allowing the classification of techniques regarding multiple dimensions. The issues are then associated with these dimensions. Furthermore, we analyze the results of a study comparing multiple selection techniques and present a tool allowing developers of VR applications to search for appropriate selection and manipulation techniques and to get scenario dependent suggestions based on the data of the executed study.

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