scholarly journals Assessment of Commuter Satisfaction in the Usage of Bus-Shelters: the Ataköy Zone 5 and Beşyol Metrobus Stops, Istanbul

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Gökçen Firdevs Yücel Caymaz
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Physical Design ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
General Satisfaction ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Spatial Design ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics

Abstract Bus shelters, which form a part of daily lives of people, generally provide service as small areas of urban space created for short-term periods of waiting. From the perspective of spatial design, it is important that an environment of good quality is provided for users of bus-shelters. This study proposed hypotheses to research how the physical design of bus shelters (location-accessibility, anthropometric characteristics, roofing and walls, lighting, electronic information, seating, etc.) affected general satisfaction of their users. To establish users’ general satisfaction, direct observation was performed and the hypotheses were tested through surveys conducted at bus-shelters selected in two areas of Istanbul (Ataköy-Beşyol) with different economic levels, and an assessment was made of the users’ satisfaction analyses and related problems of bus shelter design. In the conclusion, it was established that there is a significant correlation between general satisfaction and, among other things, the perceived degree of difficulty in getting on and off buses, the harmonization of bus shelter design with the surroundings, the adequacy of a shelter for summer use, the comfort of a shelter, the adequacy of seating, and the extent to which the shelter is maintained.

Assessments of Satisfaction Level Among Bus Shelter Users: The Ataköy Zone 5 and Beşyol Metrobus Stops, Istanbul

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gökçen Firdevs Yücel Caymaz
Keyword(s):  
Small Area ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
General Satisfaction ◽  
Spatial Design ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics ◽  
Form Part ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Good Environment

Bus shelters which form part of people’s daily life, generally built in small area for short time of waiting. In the perspective of spatial design, it is important that good environment is provided for bus shelters users. This study proposed to investigate on the physical design of bus shelters (location-accessibility, anthropometric characteristics, roofing and walls, lighting, electronic information, seating, etc.) affect the general satisfaction of the users. To assess user’s general satisfaction, direct observation was done, in order to test the hypotheses, survey was conducted at bus-shelters in two selected areas of Istanbul (Ataköy- Beşyol). Subjects from different background of economic level were assessed on bus shelter design and related problems. In conclusion, it is proved that there is a significant correlation between general satisfaction and degree of difficulty in using buses. The arrangement of bus shelter design with the surroundings, adequacy of a shelter during summer, comfort of the shelter,adequacy of seating and the maintenance duration of the shelter.

scholarly journals Effects of a Short-Term Trampling Experiment on Alpine Vegetation in the Tatras, Slovakia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2750
Author(s):  
Veronika Piscová ◽  
Michal Ševčík ◽  
Juraj Hreško ◽  
František Petrovič
Keyword(s):  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Recreational Activities ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Deciduous Shrubs ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Potential Damage ◽  
Alpine Communities

Over the past decades, outdoor recreation in mountains has become progressively more important and as a result human induced potential damage has increased. Alpine communities are particularly susceptible to human recreational activities, such as tourist trampling. Although there are a number of studies that explicitly assess the effects of trampling on alpine communities, they do not reflect on terrains with a rich topography and the presence of more communities in very small areas. In this study, effects of short-term trampling on some alpine communities in the Tatras, the highest mountains of the Carpathians, were studied experimentally. Vulnerability to disturbance was compared among plant communities in terms of resistance and resilience, which are based on cover measurements. With proximity to trampling intensity, we found a significant decrease in plant cover and abundance of deciduous shrubs, lichens, and mosses. These results demonstrate that human trampling in alpine communities has major negative impacts on lichen and moss abundance and species richness. A short-term trampling experiment required several years of community regeneration. Therefore, management plans should discourage hiking activity off paths and restrict recreational activities.

scholarly journals Architectural typology of intergenerational shared sites

2021 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Oxana Maslovsckaia ◽  
Alla Kopeva ◽  
Mariia Matveieva ◽  
Olga Ivanova ◽  
Olga Khrapko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Intergenerational Relations ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Intergenerational Communication ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Intergenerational Ties ◽  
Housing Estates ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

In the conditions of the modern world, there is an increasing socio-cultural gap between generations. To create sustainable development and functioning of society, to maintain its stability in the present and future, it is necessary to create conditions for strengthening intergenerational relations. All social programs must be accompanied by architectural programs, so there is a need for the architectural and urban planning transformation of the existing urban space in favor of the development of intergenerational ties. The purpose of this study is to determine the typological features of intergenerational centers based on a comparative analysis of existing facilities. Several different intergenerational shared sites examples around the world were analyzed. The analysis revealed a general typology of intergenerational environments: outdoor spaces for short-term intergenerational communication; indoor and outdoor spaces for intergenerational communication at centers; specialized housing estates and co-living buildings with public indoor and outdoor zones for intergenerational communication. The results of this work are the basis for further research, the purpose of which is to form the principles of an environment that promotes the development of intergenerational relations in Russian conditions and their approbation in the design of a residential area in Yakutsk.

scholarly journals Short-term initiatives for enhancing cyber-safety within South African schools

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmarie Kritzinger
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Safety Education ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Internet Skills ◽  
Safety Awareness ◽  
Cyber Safety ◽  
Home Users

The rate of technological development across the globe is dramatic. The decreasing cost and increasing availability of ICT devices means that its users are no longer exclusively industry or government employees – they are now also home users. Home users integrate ICT in their daily lives for education, socialising and information gathering. However, using ICT is associated with risks and threats, such as identity theft and phishing scams. Most home users of ICT do not have the necessary information technology and Internet skills to protect themselves and their information. School learners, in particular, are not sufficiently educated on how to use technological devices safely, especially in developing countries such as South Africa. The national school curriculum in South Africa currently does not make provision for cyber-safety education, and the availability of supporting material and training for ICT teachers in South Africa is limited, resulting in a lack of knowledge and skills regarding cyber-safety. The research in hand focuses on the situation concerning cyber-safety awareness in schools and has adopted a short-term approach towards cyber-safety among teachers and school learners in South Africa until a formal long-term national approach has been implemented. This study takes a quantitative approach to investigating the current options of teachers to enhance cyber-safety among learners in their schools. The research proposes that short-term initiatives (i.e. posters) can increase learners’ awareness of cyber-safety until formal cyber-safety awareness methods have been introduced.

scholarly journals PEMAKNAAN MAHASISWA TERHADAP SIMBOL PANCASILA SEBAGAI IDENTITAS BANGSA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Nerrisa Erviana Hadianti Kustoyo ◽  
Siti Zunariyah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Theory Of Action ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Student Life ◽  
Mutual Respect ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Rational Actions

<p>The purpose of this study is to: To find out the meaning of the Pancasila symbol in the souls of students, To find out the practice of Pancasila values on student life, To know students in responding to Pancasila towards the meaning of a nation's identity.This study uses qualitative methods through in-depth interview techniques, and direct observation. Primary data obtained from interviews. The sampling of this study was through purposive sampling.</p>The results of this study are:  The meaning of students towards Pancasila based on Max Weber's theory of action can be categorized into rational values (werk rational) which are based on divine values, mutual respect, adab, and humanity, and the value of justice. Besides affective actions based on the love of water and unity, The application of Pancasila into the daily lives of students can be categorized into rational acts of values based on mutual respect and do not differentiate between religious adherents, values unity and value of deliberation to reach consensus; affective actions based on the love of the motherland; instrumental rational actions based on means of respect and tolerance to achieve peace and unity, and means of association, participation in activities in society, Student attitudes towards Pancasila as a nation's identification are categorized into rational acts of value based on values respect for differences, values of togetherness or unity; instrumental rational value actions (zwerk rational) which are based on means of deliberation to reach consensus, the struggle to achieve goals; Affective action that is based on the love of the motherland.

scholarly journals Attempts of Fully Controlling Bureaucracy: Quae Merito?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Jochelle Greaves Siew
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Education Standards ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Professional Norms ◽  
Long Run ◽  
And Control

The performance of government bureaucrats profoundly impacts the daily lives of citizens, with their unseen decisions affecting, inter alia, the safety of society, public education standards, and working conditions. Still, scholars dispute the power of bureaucrats, and whether and how it should be controlled. Some contend that bureaucratic activity must be firmly controlled since bureaucrats are expected to shirk their responsibilities. Contrarily, others postulate that a trust-based system would be better-suited as bureaucrats subscribe to values related to public interest, professional norms, and organisational loyalty. This article conducts a review of relevant literature on ‘top-down’ and ‘trust-based’ control mechanisms in order to recommend suitable approaches for controlling bureaucratic activity, considering the factors which affect the nature of their work. It is shown that a trust-based model is appropriate as it results in an equilibrium being achieved, with discretion utilised as a tool for implementation, whilst bureaucratic activity is monitored and controlled in a less intrusive and demotivating manner. While command-and-control methods produce better results in cases where short-term cost control and productivity are in question, this approach is unsustainable in the long-run due to inherently faulty assumptions about bureaucratic motivation. This article also recognises that multiple mechanisms of control might be necessary, depending on what is appropriate according to political judgements on contexts and organisational goals. Bureaucrats are accountable in different ways, at several levels and to varying degrees, so the mechanisms used to monitor and control them should reflect this reality.

scholarly journals Changes in forest landscape due to agricultural activities and their influence on natural ecosystems: the eastern Galician mountains

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
I.J. Diaz-Maroto ◽  
M.C. Diaz-Maroto
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Biodiversity Maintenance ◽  
Major Transformation ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Church

Abstract Forest and agricultural landscapes are vital in relation to biodiversity. Protection policies in such areas should include incentives to enable the common landuse practices. Conservation cannot be addressed in the short term because these landscapes have evolved as socio-ecological systems and provide optimal conditions for biodiversity maintenance. They occur in areas where agriculture has not changed significantly as in the eastern Galician mountains. The landscape dynamics has been shaped by human involvement during centuries. We analyzed how the landscape has evolved according to environmental, socioeconomic and historical changes with the aim of proposing actions for its conservation. The study focused on the recovery of natural hardwood forests which have been intensively exploited since ancient times. Over the past few centuries, these forests have been transformed to agricultural land, felled for use in the naval, metallurgical and railway industries, expropriated from the Church, and affected by wildfire; more recently, have been replaced by fast growing species. Today, broadleaved forests cover small areas of rugged land where the topography often precludes other land uses. In conclusion, although the landscape in the study area has undergone a major transformation, now this land is a priority for biodiversity conservation.

Span of temporal continuity as a measure of personal and present existence

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-86
Author(s):  
KONSTANTINE K. ZAKZANIS ◽  
LARRY LEACH ◽  
MORRIS MOSCOVITCH
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Span ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Informal Conversation ◽  
Temporal Continuity ◽  
Neuropsychological Tasks

Severely impaired memory deprives amnesics of a sense of personal continuity in their daily lives, yet there are no tests that accurately measure this impairment (see Lezak, 1995). Several neuropsychological tasks have been developed to document the severity of memory loss in terms of memory span, such as the Brown–Peterson Technique (Peterson & Peterson, 1959), but the ecological validity of such tasks as measures of personal or temporal continuity is not obvious (see Heinrichs, 1990). Instead they measure memory in terms of how much information could be held in working or short-term memory, not memory span in the sense of continuity. To develop a new measure of amnesia with greater relation to everyday function, we had to examine the integrity of memory function in terms of temporal continuity in a way that would engage the patient in everyday behavior, such as informal conversation, and still allow memory function to be quantifiable. Thus, we set out to create a bedside task that could measure the span in which the patient with amnesia experiences temporal continuity. We call this measure the “span of temporal continuity,” or “personal and present span of existence.”

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document