Clinical and laboratory findings in elderly with Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Babol, northern Iran – 2017-2019

Abstract Morbidity and mortality are higher in older adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) than in other age groups. Also, CAP in older adults has various clinical manifestations with other. A higher mortality rate in the elderly with CAP may contribute to a delay in management. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical and laboratory manifestations of CAP in the elderly. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 221 elderly patients with CAP who were admitted to Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital, in Babol, northern of Iran, in 2017-2019. Patient outcomes included 170 cases that recovered from CAP, and 51 cases that died of complications. Patients were evaluated in terms of their clinical and laboratory manifestations. The most common symptoms of pneumonia were cough (79.6%), sputum (73.8%), weakness (72.9%), fever (56%), dyspnea (46.2%). The most frequent underlying disease was ischemic heart disease (43.9%). In our study, clinical and laboratory characteristics in older patients with CAP were evaluated and compared with other studies confirming past findings, but there were differences in some cases, such as vital signs, gastrointestinal symptoms, and disturbance of the level of consciousness. Therefore, it recommends carefully taking the patients’ initial histories and accurately recording their clinical and laboratory symptoms.

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CHARACTERISTICS, PATTERNS OF PATHOGENS, AND ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE OF BACTERIAL MENINGITIS AT RSUP DR. MOHAMMAD HOESIN PALEMBANG

Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Publikasi Ilmiah Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya ◽

10.32539/jkk.v7i3.12443 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 61-72

Author(s):

Andika Okparasta ◽

Dewi Susan ◽

Irfannuddin Irfannuddin

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Meningitis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

The Elderly ◽

Antibiotics Resistance ◽

Pia Mater ◽

Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽

Neck Stiffness ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Predominantly Female

Bacterial meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, especially arachnoid and pia mater, which occurs due to the invasion of bacteria into the subarachnoid space. Bacterial meningitis cases are distributed throughout the world, with an incidence of 2-6 / 100,000 people per year with a peak incidence in infants, adolescents, and the elderly. This study was a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study to look for sociodemographic characteristics, pathogens and resistance patterns, and clinical outcomes of bacterial meningitis patients at dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. There were 43 cases of bacterial meningitis, and only 13 cases met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most cases of bacterial meningitis were in the 30-45 years (30%) and 46-55 years (30%) age groups, with predominantly female patients (69%). The most noted clinical manifestations were fever and neck stiffness (100%). decreased consciousness (92%), hemiparesis (77%), headache (70%) and seizures (54%). The mortality rate of bacterial meningitis patients reached 53% with a disability rate reaching 39%. Pathogens found based on culture results were Staphylococcus sp. (69%), Acinetobacter baumanii (5.3%), Klebsiella pneumonie (15%), Shigella somnei, and E. coli (5.3%). Antibiotic resistance to Staphylococcus sp. Was quite high, namely Erythromycin and Oxacillin reaching 77%, Trimethoprim / Sulfamethoxazole 55%, Ciprofloxacin, Clindamycin, levofloxacin reached 33%. Higher mortality was found in patients with drug resistance.

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Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory findings for patients of different age groups with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a hospital in Saudi Arabia

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0250955 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. e0250955

Author(s):

Mutasim E. Ibrahim ◽

Obaid S. AL-Aklobi ◽

Mosleh M. Abomughaid ◽

Mushabab A. Al-Ghamdi

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Age Groups ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Hemoglobin Concentration ◽

The Elderly ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Creatine Kinase Mb ◽

D Dimer

Background Although the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to rage worldwide, clinical and laboratory studies of this disease have been limited in many countries. We investigated the epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory findings of COVID-19 infected patients to identify the effective indicators correlated with the disease. Methods A retrospective study was conducted at King Abdullah Hospital in Bisha Province, Saudi Arabia, from March 20 to June 30, 2020. Patients of different age groups were confirmed as having COVID-19 infection using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. The demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of the patients were statistically analyzed. Results Of the 132 patients, 85 were male and 47 were female, with a mean age of 50.9 years (SD±16.7). The patients were elderly (n = 29) and adults (n = 103). Of these, 54 (40.9%) had comorbidities, (25%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and 12 (9.1%) died. On admission, the main clinical manifestations were fever (84.1%), cough (64.4%), shortness of breath (25%), chest pain (20.5%), and fatigue (18.2%). In all patients, increased neutrophils and decreased lymphocytes were observed. Patients’ lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was elevated. C-reactive protein (CRP) was elevated in 48.5%, D-dimer in 43.2%, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in 40.9% of patients. The elderly showed higher neutrophil (p = 0.011) and lower lymphocyte (p = 0.009) counts than adults. Glucose, creatine kinase-MB, LDH, bilirubin, D-dimer, and ESR were significantly higher in the elderly than in the adults. The COVID-19 death group had a higher leucocyte count (p = 0.036), and higher urea (p = 0.029) and potassium (p = 0.022) than the recovered group but had a lower hemoglobin concentration (p = 0.018). A significant association was determined between COVID-19 death and the presence of cardiovascular disease (χ2(1) = 16.297, p<0.001), hypertension (χ2(1) = 12.034, p = 0.001), renal failure (χ2(1) = 3.843, p = 0. 05), old age (t (130) = 4.9, p <0.001), and ICU admission (χ2(1) = 17.6 (1), p<0.001). Conclusions Investigating some of the laboratory and clinical parameters could help assess the disease progression, risk of mortality, and follow up patients who could progress to a fatal condition.

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Clinical and haematological characteristics of human trichostrongyliasis

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x17001225 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 93 (2) ◽

pp. 149-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

L. Ghanbarzadeh ◽

M. Saraei ◽

E.B. Kia ◽

F. Amini ◽

M. Sharifdini

Keyword(s):

Statistical Significance ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Age Groups ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Stool Examination ◽

Clinical Aspects ◽

Northern Iran ◽

Examination Methods ◽

Group Sex

AbstractTrichostrongylusspp. are primarily parasites of ruminants, but humans can become infected as accidental hosts. Information about the clinical aspects of human trichostrongyliasis is limited. This study investigated the clinical and haematological characteristics of a large number of trichostrongyliasis patients. In the Fouman district of Guilan Province in northern Iran, during 2015–2016, 60 patients were identified as positive forTrichostrongylusspp., using stool examination methods. The clinical manifestations and demographic data of all patients were recorded and further analysed. Twenty-three patients (38.3%) were male and 37 (61.7%) were female. Among the individuals infected only withTrichostrongylus, only nine patients (16.4%) were asymptomatic. Forty-six patients (83.6%) presented with gastrointestinal (76.3%), pulmonary (30.9%) and cutaneous (12.7%) symptoms. No statistically significant relationship was found between clinical manifestations and sex or age groups. Ten patients (18.1%) revealed eosinophilia and five (9.1%) presented with hypochromic microcytic anaemia. The relationship between eosinophilia and age group, sex and clinical manifestations showed no statistical significance. Our study indicated that trichostrongyliasis may be a major parasitic aetiology for gastrointestinal symptoms and eosinophilia in rural residents of endemic areas.

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Clinical and laboratory findings of patients with the possible diagnosis of influenza hospitalized in affiliated hospitals of Babol University of Medical Sciences, 2015-2016

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences ◽

10.1515/cipms-2018-0022 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 113-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mostafa Javanian ◽

Arefeh Babazadeh ◽

Soheil Ebrahimpour ◽

Mehran Shokri ◽

Masomeh Bayani

Keyword(s):

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract The clinical and para clinical manifestations of influenza in various patients have range from an autoimmune disease to a life-threatening respiratory infection. In addition, the severity of the disease is influenced by factors such as demographic factors, underlying diseases, and immune response. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the clinical, laboratory and epidemiological characteristics of patients with this type of influenza in Babol (north of Iran). This study was conducted as a descriptive cross-sectional study from October 2015 to March 2016. Subsequently, in this study, records of 123 patients with clinical signs of the influenza-like disease who have undergone the clinical sign in hospitals affiliated to Babol University of Medical Sciences were reviewed. Of 123 patients admitted to a possible diagnosis of influenza, 58 patients (47.2%) were PCR positive for H1N1, while seventy nine (64.2%) participants were women and 21 (17.1%) had diabetes or underlying lung disease. Most of the involved age groups were of individuals above the age of 50. These were followed by the 21-35 years-old. Fever (78%), cough (65.9%), shivering (58.5%) and myalgia (56.1%) were the most common clinical symptoms. Increased levels of transaminases (43.1%), leukocytosis (35.8%) and thrombocytopenia (34.2%) were as well reported in patients as the most frequently reported para clinical findings. In the present study, the most usual clinical symptoms were fever, cough, chill, and myalgia, while gastrointestinal symptoms were also noticeably observed in patients. In an experimental study, a significant number of patients showed leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia and increased transaminases.

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Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory findings for patients of different age groups with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a hospital in Saudi Arabia

10.1101/2020.10.21.20217083 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mutasim E. Ibrahim ◽

Obaid S. AL-Aklobi ◽

Mosleh M. Abomughaid ◽

Mushabab A. Al-Ghamdi

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Age Groups ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Hemoglobin Concentration ◽

The Elderly ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Creatine Kinase Mb ◽

D Dimer

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to rage worldwide, clinical and laboratory studies of this disease have been limited in many countries. We investigated the epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory findings of COVID-19 infected patients to identify the effective indicators correlated with the disease.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted at King Abdullah Hospital in Bisha Province, Saudi Arabia, from March 20 to June 30, 2020. Patients of different age groups were confirmed as having COVID-19 infection using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. The demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of the patients were statistically analyzed.ResultsOf the 137 patients, 88 were male and 49 were female, with a mean age of 49.3 years (SD±18.4). The patients were elderly (n=29), adults (n=103), and children (n=5). Of these, 54 (39.4%) had comorbidities, 24% were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and 12 (8.8%) died. On admission, the main clinical manifestations were fever (82.5%), cough (63.5%), shortness of breath (24.8%), chest pain (19.7%), and fatigue (18.2%).In all patients, increased neutrophils and decreased lymphocytes were observed. Patients’ lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was elevated. C-reactive protein (CRP) was elevated in 46.7%, D-dimer in 41.6%, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in 39.4% of patients. The elderly showed higher neutrophil (p=0.003) and lower lymphocyte (p=0.001) counts than adults and children. Glucose, creatine kinase-MB, LDH, bilirubin, D-dimer, and ESR were significantly higher in the elderly than in the adults. The COVID-19 death group had a higher leucocyte count (p = 0.043), and higher urea (p=0.025) and potassium (p=0.026) than the recovered group but had a lower hemoglobin concentration (p=0.018). A significant association was determined between COVID-19 death (χ2(1)=17.751, p<0.001), and the presence of cardiovascular disease (χ2(1)=17.049, p<0.001), hypertension (χ2(1)=7.659, p=0.006), renal failure (χ2(1)=4.172, p<0.04), old age (t(135) = 4.747, p <0.001), and ICU admission (χ2(1) = 17.751 (1), p<0.001).ConclusionsThe common symptoms found in this study could be useful for identifying potential COVID-19 patients. Investigating some of the laboratory and clinical parameters could help assess the disease progression, risk of mortality, and follow up patients who could progress to a fatal condition.

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Celiac Disease in Kosovar Albanian Children: Evaluation of Clinical Features and Diagnosis

Current Pediatric Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573396316666200116093753 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 241-247

Author(s):

Atifete Ramosaj-Morina ◽

Alije Keka-Sylaj ◽

Arbana Baloku Zejnullahu ◽

Lidvana Spahiu ◽

Virgjina Hasbahta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Disease Onset ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Dominant Mode ◽

Primary School Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Classical Form ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Mean

Background: Celiac disease is an immune-mediated disorder characterized by variable clinical manifestations, specific antibodies, HLA-DQ2/DQ8 haplotypes, and enteropathy. Objectives: The aim of this study was to present the clinical spectrum and patterns of celiac disease in Kosovar Albanian children. Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed with Albanian children aged 0-18 years, treated for celiac disease in the Pediatric Clinic, University Clinical Center of Kosovo from 2005 to 2016. Results: During the study period, 63 children were treated for celiac disease. The mean age at diagnosis was 5.5 years (SD ± 3.31). The mean age at celiac disease onset was 3.3 years (SD ± 2.02), while the mean delay from the first symptoms indicative of celiac disease to diagnosis was 2.2 years (SD ± 2.09). More than 70% of the patients were diagnosed in the first 7 years of life, mainly presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, while primary school children and adolescents mostly showed atypical symptoms (p<0.001). The classical form of celiac disease occurred in 78% of the cases. Sixty (95%) patients carried HLA-DQ2.5, DQ2.2 and/or HLA-DQ8 heterodimers, and only three of them tested negative. Conclusions: Kosovo, as the majority of developing countries, is still facing the classical form of celiac disease as the dominant mode of presentation; as a result, most children with other forms of the celiac disease remain undiagnosed. : Physicians should be aware of the wide range of clinical presentations and utilize low testing thresholds in order to prevent potential long-term problems associated with untreated celiac disease.

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Salience-based object prioritization during active viewing of naturalistic scenes in young and older adults

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-78203-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Antje Nuthmann ◽

Immo Schütz ◽

Wolfgang Einhäuser

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Mixed Models ◽

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Unique Contribution ◽

Visual Salience ◽

Unit Of Analysis ◽

Scientific Debate ◽

Object Based ◽

Image Patches

AbstractWhether fixation selection in real-world scenes is guided by image salience or by objects has been a matter of scientific debate. To contrast the two views, we compared effects of location-based and object-based visual salience in young and older (65 + years) adults. Generalized linear mixed models were used to assess the unique contribution of salience to fixation selection in scenes. When analysing fixation guidance without recurrence to objects, visual salience predicted whether image patches were fixated or not. This effect was reduced for the elderly, replicating an earlier finding. When using objects as the unit of analysis, we found that highly salient objects were more frequently selected for fixation than objects with low visual salience. Interestingly, this effect was larger for older adults. We also analysed where viewers fixate within objects, once they are selected. A preferred viewing location close to the centre of the object was found for both age groups. The results support the view that objects are important units of saccadic selection. Reconciling the salience view with the object view, we suggest that visual salience contributes to prioritization among objects. Moreover, the data point towards an increasing relevance of object-bound information with increasing age.

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Reference values and factors associated with hand grip strength among older adults living in southeastern Poland

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-89408-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Agnieszka Wiśniowska-Szurlej ◽

Agnieszka Ćwirlej-Sozańska ◽

Justyna Kilian ◽

Natalia Wołoszyn ◽

Bernard Sozański ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Older People ◽

Reference Values ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normative Values ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated

AbstractHandgrip strength (HGS) is used as a biomarker for the state of health of older people, but the number of research publications containing the normative values of HGS in older adult populations is limited. The aim of the study was to define reference values and factors associated with HGS in older adults living in southeastern Poland. A cross-sectional study including 405 participants aged 65 and older was conducted. Handgrip strength for the dominant hand was assessed by the average of three trials using a JAMAR dynamometer. The sample was categorized into the following age groups: 65–69 years, 70–74 years, 75–79 years, 80–84 years, 85 and over. The average HGS was 19.98 kg (16.91 kg for women and 26.19 kg for men). There was a decrease in handgrip strength across the age range in both sexes. The average handgrip strength of the older people was 17.97 kg (14.47 kg for women and 25.66 kg for men) for those aged 80–85 and 16.68 kg (13.51 kg for women and 21.77 kg for men) in the group over 85 years old. In both sexes, marital status was an independent factor associated with reduced handgrip strength. In conclusion, this study described, for the first time, handgrip strength values for the southeastern Polish population aged ≥ 65 years according to age and gender.

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Percepção da imagem corporal e indicadores antropométricos e de composição corporal associados em idosos

Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance ◽

10.5007/1980-0037.2018v20n6p525 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 525-534

Author(s):

Iasmim Batista Correia ◽

Nathalie De Almeida Silva ◽

Paulo Granges e Silva ◽

Tarciana Nobre de Menezes

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Body Image ◽

The Elderly ◽

Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽

Normal Weight ◽

The Body ◽

Image Perception ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Body Image Perception

Aging leads to psychological losses and various physical changes that, associated with body-stereotyped patterns imposed by society, can cause disturbances in the body image perception (BIP) in the elderly. The aim of this study was to evaluate BIP in older adults living in the city of Campina Grande / PB and its relationship with different anthropometric and body composition indicators. This cross-sectional study was carried out with older adults of both sexes enrolled in the Family Health Strategy of Campina Grande, PB. BIP was considered as a dependent variable and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), triceps skinfold (TSF), and arm fat area (AFA) as independent variables. The association between BIP and anthropometric indicators was verified using the Pearson chi-square test (X²), simple and multiple logistic regression, with significance level of p <0.05. Overall, 420 older adults were interviewed (68.1% women), of whom 409 reported their actual body image perception. Regarding the perception of idealized body image, 11 individuals did not respond and 230 were satisfied, since 179 desired another silhouette. Individuals with BMI indicative of overweight / obesity were more likely of showing body image dissatisfaction compared to those with normal weight. Subjects with excessive TSF showed greater body image dissatisfaction in relation to those with normal weight. Women were more likely of showing body image dissatisfaction. Thus, it was observed that variables BMI, TSF and sex were independently associated with body image satisfaction.

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Abstract WMP57: Declining Blood Pressure is Associated with Subcortical Microinfarcts in Older Adults

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.48.suppl_1.wmp57 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Mekala R Raman ◽

Jonathan Graff-Radford ◽

Scott A Przybelski ◽

Timothy G Lesnick ◽

Michelle M Mielke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Older Adults ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Adult Population ◽

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

The Elderly ◽

Pressure Measurements ◽

Autopsy Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Blood Pressures

Hypertension is highly prevalent in the elderly population and microinfarcts are the most common vascular brain pathology identified in older adults at autopsy. We investigated the associations between systolic and diastolic blood pressures measured antemortem and the presence of microinfarcts at autopsy. Study subjects (n=302; age range=71-95) were participants in the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging autopsy study, who had blood pressure measurements recorded during life. We investigated both cross-sectional systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements at the baseline visit and the change in blood pressure (slope). Presence and location (subcortical or cortical) of chronic microinfarcts was abstracted from the autopsy reports. Of the 302 study subjects, 47 (16%) had cerebral microinfarcts, and, of those, 18 (38%) had subcortical microinfarcts and 29 (62%) had only cortical microinfarcts. The baseline blood pressures were not different between subjects with no microinfarcts, subcortical microinfarcts, and only cortical microinfarcts. In a logistic regression model including time between last blood pressure measurement and death, a greater decline in systolic [OR= 1.06 (1.01, 1.11); p=0.02]) and greater decline in diastolic [OR= 1.11 (1.02, 1.20); p=0.01] blood pressures were predictors of the presence of subcortical microinfarcts at autopsy. However, these variables were not associated with the presence of cortical microinfarcts. In conclusion, microinfarcts are common in the older adult population, and most of them are located in the cortex. A greater decline in both systolic and diastolic blood pressures and their association with subcortical microinfarcts, but not with cortical microinfarcts, may have implications for aggressive lowering of blood pressure in the elderly population.

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