scholarly journals Accumulation of heavy metals in soil and litter of roadside plantations in Western Polissia of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-242
Author(s):  
Serhii Maksimtsev ◽  
Serhii Dudarets ◽  
Vasyl Yukhnovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
National Importance ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
Maximum Allowable Concentrations

Abstract The article presents the results of a study on the influence of roadside forest belts of different species composition on the accumulation of heavy metals in soil and litter along roads of international and national importance in the conditions of Western Polissia of Ukraine. Mobile forms of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in soil and forest litter samples were determined in ammonium acetate extract buffer by atomic absorption spectrometry. The analysis of the content of heavy metals, their comparison with the maximum allowable concentrations depending on the composition of plantations and the category of the highway have been done. It is confirmed that roadside forest belts perform important functions in the accumulation of heavy metals in soil and forest litter. It is confirmed that roadside forest belts perform important functions in the accumulation of heavy metals in soil and forest litter. Among all the pollutants studied, the concentration of cadmium was the lowest and that of zinc the highest (especially in forest litter). Lead and copper in this indicator occupied an intermediate position. Despite the different species composition of plantations, the coefficient of concentration of heavy metals in the soil did not exceed the maximum allowable concentrations and was on average in the range of 0.10–0.20 of these indicators. The greatest effect of delaying the migration of heavy metals was observed in forest litter. Therefore, in order to effectively use the biological barrier along the roads, it is necessary to create linear protective belts of deciduous species with Acer platanoides, Betula pendula, Carpinus betulus and Tilia cordata, which give a rich annual litterfall.

scholarly journals Ecological and geochemical features of the landscapes of the Baikal State Natural Biosphere Reserve

2021 ◽  
Vol 885 (1) ◽  
pp. 012049
Author(s):  
E Yu Elsukova ◽  
I Yu Arestova ◽  
E O Chunyaeva ◽  
E O Mordovskoy
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Pinus Sibirica ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Microelement Composition ◽  
Maximum Allowable Concentrations ◽  
Geochemical Assessment

Abstract The aim of the study is a comprehensive assessment of the state of natural-territorial complexes of the Baikal State Natural Biosphere Reserve, including an ecological and geochemical assessment of soils, analysis of plant communities, determination of the ecological and biogeochemical features of the vegetation of the area. The distribution of mobile forms of heavy metals in the soils of the Baikal Biosphere Reserve has been studied. The coefficient of total soil pollution has been calculated. The maximum allowable concentrations exceedances for Cr, Mn, Cu and Pb were registered. Analysis of the microelement composition of the crust of Pinus sibirica showed the accumulation of Cd and Ni in relation to the Dobrovolsky clarke in all the studied areas of the reserve. Based on the studies carried out, it can be recommended to monitor the ecological state of natural territorial complexes on a regular basis on the territory of the Baikal State Biosphere Reserve.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Content in Herpetobiontic Arthropoda on the Territory of Landfills of the Kharkіv City

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Multiple Indicators ◽  
Potential Safety ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Landfills ◽  
Solid Waste Landfills ◽  
Occurrence Of Species

Purpose. To determine the contamination level of biotic components of the ecosystem of municipal solid waste landfills in the Kharkiv region by sensitive to anthropogenic changes herpetobiotic arthropods. Methods. The species composition of herpetobiotic arthropods was determined by the Barber's traps method. The occurrence of species was evaluated according to the method of A.V. Selikhovkin. The content of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni) in the ash obtained from herpetobionts was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results. The research is the first link of the accumulation of heavy metals by mosquitoes as a component of trophic chains. The species composition of herpetobiotic arthropods was determined - 21 species from 15 families. On the territory of Rogan landfill 15 species from 12 families, and Dergachv -12 species from 8 families. The zoning of the territory according to the degree of landscape transformation was carried out and the structure of the species composition of herpetobionts according to the zones was determined. The basic regularities of zonal differentiation of species in technogenic disturbed territories are determined. As a result of assessing the occurrence of species in the study areas, 7 dominant species were identified at two landfills, in the bodies of which the content of heavy metals was determined. The landscape conditions and ecological situation influences the species composition of the herpetobiontic fauna in a direct way, which confirms the monodominant nature of the species on both landfills. Conclusions. Zonal accommodation and the number of studied fauna on two landfills is different, that indicates their high sensitivity to various environmental conditions. Multiple indicators of heavy metals in the organisms of invertebrate’s organisms indicate the potential safety of these animals on the landfills for their consumers.

scholarly journals Noise-absorbing properties of road-wood forest strips of different structures in the conditions of Western Polissia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Maksimtsev ◽  
S. M. Dudarets
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Forest Plantations ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
National Importance ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
Protective Forest

In the modern conditions of society development the role of protective plantings is great importance. In particular, types of such plantations in the study are protective strips along the roads. At first glance, it is difficult to trace the processes that take place in these lanes. However, by selecting the appropriate adapted research methodology, it is possible to trace these seemingly hidden functions. The significance and relevance the use of roadside forest strips in the context of their noise-absorbing functions are presented. Attention is paid to the analysis of noise load for the operation of large vehicles on highways of international and national importance in the conditions of Western Polissya. An analysis of recent scientific publications with an emphasis on protective plantings as an effective means of preventing negative acoustic loads. The main purpose of the research was to determine the noise-absorbing properties of roadside forest belts depending on their design features and species composition. It is noted that the solution of program tasks of work is carried out with the use of special techniques of researches of noise-absorbing effect by protective forest plantations on transport ways. The comparative characteristic of noise-absorbing effect roadside forest strips and noise-protective screens are executed. On the basis of the conducted researches the mathematical models describing a decrease in noise level depending on a design of roadside forest strips are developed. The generalization of the experimental results showed that the roadside strips of dense and openwork structures are marked by the highest quality noise-absorbing effect. Noise protection screens in the study area help to reduce the noise level to 60 dB and less, it than ensure compliance with the necessary sanitary standards for settlements.

scholarly journals Studying the state of soils in the territory of the Shetpe South chalk deposit

2019 ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Aynazhan M. Aitimova ◽  
Gusman Zh. Kenzhetayev ◽  
Vladimir N. Permyakov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
The State ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Pollution Indicator ◽  
Maximum Allowable Concentrations

Investigations were carried out to study the state of the soil in the territory of the Shetpe South chalk deposit and in the area of the Caspian Cement plant in October 2018. 20 soil samples were taken. Samples were taken from a depth of 0–20 cm. The presence of heavy metals in the soil was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry using AAC MGA-915M (Lumex, Russia), their content was compared with background values and with existing maximum allowable concentrations. The total soil pollution indicator or ZC , using the background, was used to study the state of the soil. The indicators of the soil pollution index were calculated to improve the diagnostic performance of the study area. The calculation of the total soil pollution indicator showed that the value of ZC for all sites was from 3,58 to 5,26 units. The soils are characterized as non-hazardous (ZC < 16), and the assessment of the condition of the soil is biased due to taking into account only heavy metals with KC < 1. The soil pollution index calculations showed that the majority of soil samples at sites PP-1, PP-2 and PP-3 have indicators of soil pollution index > 1, which characterizes the soil as "polluted". At site PP-4 (control) the soil pollution index is 0,74, the soils are "clean". Statistical processing in the environment Statistica 10 showed that the Kruskal — Wallis criterion is statistically significant only for Ni and As (p < 0,05) for soil samples at site PP-2 (at the site of transportation of chalk and dumps). Maps were performed using satellite imagery and using of Google Maps, Mapinfo Professionalv. 12.

Regional specificity creation of protective afforestations along highways

2018 ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
С.Н. КРУЖИЛИН ◽  
Т.Ю. БАРАНОВА ◽  
М.П. МИШЕНИНА ◽  
М.А. ЗАЙЦЕВА
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Plantations ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Surface Protection ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
Protective Forest

В России большинство автомобильных и железных дорог защищены лесными полосами. В настоящее время в засушливых условиях Ростовской области не уделяется должного внимания научным разработкам по вопросам создания, содержания и реконструкции защитных лесонасаждений  вдоль автомобильных дорог. Целью работы является анализ состояния придорожных защитных лесонасаждений и совершенствование технологических аспектов их создания на примере участка автомагистрали г. Новочеркасск – пос. Каменоломни Ростовской области. Мониторинг придорожных защитных лесонасаждений выявил, что в степных условиях со сложным орографическим рельефом, наряду с защитой от снежных завалов одной из важных функций является эстетическое оформление местности. Протяженность защитных лесных насаждений, как объекта исследований и озеленения – 17 800 м. Маршрут относится к одной из главных магистралей на г. Шахты и федеральную трассу М4 Ростовской области. Определение потребности в создании придорожных лесных полос выявлялось с использованием GPS-навигатора  (GPSmap 62s). Проведен анализ состояния придорожных защитных лесонасаждений на рассматриваемом отрезке автомагистрали и установлен их видовой состав. В соответствии с почвенно-климатическим условиям обоснован ассортимент растений с предпочтением устойчивости к снеголому, декоративности, успешности защиты автодороги от заноса снегом и пылью. Определены объемы посадочного материала с участием Quercus  robur, Acer  platanoides, обоснована система подготовки почвы, видовой состав, схема размещения. На всей протяженности исследуемого участка (17,8 км) требуется создать защитные лесонасаждения (4 лесные полосы протяжённостью 998,0 м, шириной – 12,0 м, площадь 1,2 га). С научным обеспечением и учетом региональных особенностей создания защитных лесонасаждений вдоль автомобильных дорог (конструкция насаждений, ассортимент, методы выращивания, лесоводственные уходы и др.) они способны выполнять свои функции в полном объеме к возрасту 25 лет. In Russia, most roads and railways are protected by forest belts. Even a single row of trees provides good results in road surface protection from snow. At present, in the dry conditions of the Rostov region is not given due attention to scientific developments on the creation, maintenance and reconstruction of protective forests motor roads. The goal of this work (publication) is to analyze the state of roadside protective forest plantations and improve their creation on the example part of the highway of Novocherkassk - Kamenolomni of Rostov region. Monitoring of roadside defensive forests showed that in a steppe environment with complex orographic relief, along with protection from snow clogging, one of the important functions is the aesthetic design of the terrain. The length of protective forest plantations as a research and planting site is 17 800 m. The route is one of the main thoroughfares to the city of Shakhty and the federal highway M4 of the Rostov region. Determination of the need for creating roadside forest belts was detected using GPS-navigator (GPSmap 62s). The condition of roadside protective forest stands on the considered segment of the motorway and their species composition is established. In accordance, with soil and climatic conditions, an assortment of plants with a preference for resistance to snow, decorativeness, and the success of road protection against snow and dust drift are justified. The volumes of planting material with the participation of Quercus   robur, Acer  platanoides, are determined, the soil preparation system, the species composition  and layout. Over the entire length of the investigated area (17,8 km), it is required to create protective forest stands (4 forest belts with a length of 998 m, a width of 12,0 m, an area of 1,2 hectares). With scientific support and consideration of regional peculiarities, creation of protective afforestations along highways (design of plantations, assortment, methods of cultivation, silvicultural care, etc.), they are able to perform their functions in full by the age of 25 years.

scholarly journals Concentration of cadmium and lead in vegetables and fruits

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Rusin ◽  
Joanna Domagalska ◽  
Danuta Rogala ◽  
Mehdi Razzaghi ◽  
Iwona Szymala
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

AbstractChemical contamination of foods pose a significant risk to consumers. A source of this risk is due to the consumption of products contaminated with heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). The aim of the study was to research the levels of Cd and Pb contamination of selected species of vegetables and fruits in the form of fresh, frozen, dried and processed products. The goal was to verify which of these food groups was more contaminated with heavy metals. The study covered 370 samples of fruits and vegetables including apples, pears, grapes, raspberries, strawberries, cranberries, as well as beetroots, celeries, carrots and tomatoes. The content of Cd and Pb was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Quantitative results were analyzed using statistical models: analysis of variance, outlier analysis, post-hoc multiple comparison Tukey test. The tests showed that the levels of Cd and Pb concentration in samples of fresh, processed, frozen and dried fruits and vegetables varied substantially. The highest concentrations were recorded in dried products. Several fruit and vegetable samples exceeded the maximum permissible concentrations of Cd and Pb. The contamination of these products could be a significant source of consumer exposure to heavy metals when these products are a part of the diet.

scholarly journals An analysis of heavy metals contamination and estimating the daily intakes of vegetables from Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 239784732098525
Author(s):  
Keneth Iceland Kasozi ◽  
Eric Oloya Otim ◽  
Herbert Izo Ninsiima ◽  
Gerald Zirintunda ◽  
Andrew Tamale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Daily Intakes

Background: Environmental contamination with elevated levels of copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr6+), cadmium (Cd), and nickel (Ni)—all states of which are found in Uganda—raises health risk to the public. Pb, Cr6+, Cd, and Ni for instance are generally considered nonessential to cellular functions, notwithstanding the importance of the oxidative state of the metals in bioavailability. As such, we aimed in this study (i) to evaluate heavy metal concentrations in four vegetables from a typical open-air market in Uganda, (ii) to assess the safety of consuming these vegetables against the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended limits of heavy metals consumption, and (iii) to formulate a model of estimated daily intake (EDI) among consumers in the country. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in five georeferenced markets of Bushenyi district in January 2020. Amaranthus, cabbages, scarlet eggplants, and tomatoes were collected from open markets, processed, and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. Modeled EDI, principal component (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were conducted to identify relationships in the samples. Results: The levels of essential elements in the four vegetables were found to fall from Co > Cu > Fe > Zn. Those of non-essential metals were significantly higher and followed the pattern Cd > Cr > Pb > Ni. The highest EDI values were those of Cu in scarlet eggplants, Zn in amaranthus, Fe in amaranthus, Co in amaranthus, Pb in cabbages, total Cr in scarlet eggplant, Cd in cabbages and tomatoes, and Ni in cabbages. In comparison to international limits, EDIs for Zn, Cu, Co and Fe were low while Ni in cabbages were high. PCA showed high variations in scarlet eggplant and amaranthus. The study vegetables were found to be related with each other, not according to the location of the markets from where they were obtained, but according to their species by CA. Conclusion: The presence of non-essential elements above WHO limits raises policy challenges for the consumption and marketing of vegetables in the study area. Furthermore, low EDIs of essential elements in the vegetables create demand for nutritious foods to promote healthy communities.

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