scholarly journals The Mediterranean Region: between terrorism, tourism and security

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Varani ◽  
Enrico Bernardini
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
The Political ◽  
International Conflicts ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract Tourism remains a very vulnerable sector and sensitive to both internal and external impacts, such as economic and social crises, natural disasters, epidemics and diseases, national and international conflicts. Among these, the most alarming threat in the 21st century remains terrorism. In this sense, this paper aims to study the effects of the increasingly frequent terrorist attacks by the extremist factions of Al-Qaeda and ISIL on the tourism industry in the Mediterranean Region. The contribution, after having discussed in general the tourism market in the Mediterranean Region, intends to highlight the impacts and repercussions of the terrorist attacks on tourism, presenting the example of Egypt and one of its best-known tourist destinations, Sharm el-Sheikh. In this sense, it is shown how, in a few years, the political instability of the country and the attacks of 2005 and 2016 have significantly reduced the influx of tourists, transforming it from one of the most visited destinations in the world in a place of increasing abandonment.

Tourism and Economic Growth Nexus

2021 ◽  
pp. 159-172
Author(s):  
Özlem Durgun
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Mediterranean Regions ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
North And South

Increasing the competitiveness of the tourism industry of the Mediterranean countries by creating more and better jobs with the sustainable growth of tourism is the main goal of all countries. However, the development of tourism in the Mediterranean countries and the effects are not compatible with each other. This chapter will explain tourism and economic growth nexus: the case of Mediterranean countries. The first part of the study examined the contribution of tourism to the world economy, and then the Mediterranean region were discussed. When the contributions were analyzed, it was determined that North and South are divided into two. By demonstrating that the environmental effects of growth in tourism are different, policy recommendations have been made to these two separate Mediterranean regions.

scholarly journals Tourist’s Perceived Risk and Image of the Destinations Prone to Natural Disasters: The Case of Bali and Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Erda Rindrasih
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Environmental Disasters ◽  
Safety Perception ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Post Disaster

Tourism has emerged as one of the largest and most rapidly growing economic sectors in the world. Nevertheless, many tourist destinations have been periodically confronted by natural disasters that threaten their survival as an industry by negatively impacting their image and safety perception. This research assessed tourists’ perception of the risk and images of a destination that is considered prone to natural disasters, by surveying 537 tourists in Yogyakarta and Bali. This study contributes to the debate on tourism development issues related to negative perceptions and images that have discouraged prospective tourists from visiting affected destinations. The results of the survey indicated that the occurrence of past disasters did not strongly influence tourists’ decision to visit Indonesia. Instead, the creation of the destination image was informed more by its current situation, and it is these current factors that may encourage or discourage potential tourists. These findings should signal to tourism planners that while environmental disasters are unavoidable, post-disaster rehabilitation of a destination’s image would significantly increase its chances of rebounding quickly.

scholarly journals Surveying Healthcare Facilities for Tourists in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Rajat Shandilya ◽  
◽  
Bhagyesh Acharya ◽  
Mayank ◽  
Monika Garg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
High Quality Medical Care

India is quickly becoming one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. The rise of India as a tourist destination can be attributed to a number of factors. The growth of medical tourism in India is one of the reasons examined in this paper. Healthcare tourism is when people from all over the world fly to another country to receive medical, dental, and surgical treatment when exploring, vacationing, and completely immersing themselves in the attractions of the countries they are visiting. In the medical tourism industry, India is one of the most popular destinations. Medical tourism is experiencing rapid growth in India. Medical tourists cross foreign boundaries in search of medical care. Medical tourism has developed to become a multibillion-dollar industry. It is important to remember that the primary goal of medical tourists is to provide high-quality medical care at an affordable cost. When compared to other developing countries in the world, India has emerged as the most sought-after destination for medical tourists due to the availability of world-class doctors at affordable prices. In addition, India has a wide range of tourist destinations. It has tremendous potential for creating jobs and earning large sums of foreign currency. The paper ends with policy recommendations for advancing the rapidly growing medical tourism industry.

scholarly journals A Study on Development of the Casino Industry for the 21st Century

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (0) ◽  
pp. 185-200
Author(s):  
Boo-Pil Kang
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Casino Industry ◽  
Export Industry ◽  
Balance Position ◽  
The World ◽  
Overseas Travel ◽  
The Government

The tourism industry has greatly contributed to the strengthening of the trade balance position of Korea as much as the export industry itself ever since 1975 when the former was designated as one of Korea's main strategic industries. However, the tourism industry, which registered the highest surplus of US 2,000 million in 1988, the year Korea hosted the Olympic Games, has declined since 1989 when the overseas travel of Koreans was completely liberalized. In 1992, the tourism industry showed a deficit of US$ 360 million. It is anticipated that the deficit in the tourism industry will further increase. To cope with the threatened decline in the revenue of the tourism industry, the government has been contemplating special measures to boost Korea's share in the world tourism market of US$ 230 billion per year.

scholarly journals New Century – ‘New Essays’?

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-35
Author(s):  
Dobrawa Lisak-Gębala
Keyword(s):  
Travel Writing ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Ordinary Objects ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Second World ◽  
Cognitive Attitude ◽  
Animal World ◽  
Form Of Expression

This article constitutes an attempt at organising the non-conservative tendencies in Polish essays published in the 21st century, which apply to themes, the lowering of the tone, and forms of writing. One major stream is travel writing, which focuses not on the Mediterranean legacy, but on the ‘second world’: long-disadvantaged provincial areas. Many essayists abandon the traditional topic of books and works of art, and turn to ‘reading’ the animal world, the plant world, and the world of ordinary objects. The essay has also become a tool for introducing polarisation between that which is mainstream and that which is marginal and concerns minorities. The fact of choosing a non-traditional topic often entails a non-canonical cognitive attitude, which translates into experiments within the area of the form of expression. The author of this article argues that all those innovations can be accommodated by the flexible convention of the essay as a genre which, in principle, is supposed to constitute an artistic cognitive experiment.

ARAH POLITIK PENDIDIKAN ISLAM INDONESIA ABAD KE 21

ISLAMIKA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
M. Asep Rahmatullah ◽  
Siti Munawati ◽  
Sugih Suryagalih
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
The Political ◽  
Science Majors ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
Open World ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

Abstarct The Political Direction of Islamic Education In the 21st century, history has noted that Islamic education in Indonesia has taken root since the entry of Islam into the archipelago, that Islamic education is perfectly upright and perfect is inseparable from the role of the sultans, scholars, and Muslims continues to try to carry out the study of science majors , discussion, writing in the context of jihad fi sabillilah tafaqohu fiddien for the glory of Islam. It is also supported by Islamic political policies that are very beneficial for the interests of the world of Islamic education. Since the destruction of the Caliphate of the Ottoman Turkish Islamic government and the destruction of the Islamic kingdoms in Indonesia and the world. Then the condition of Islamic education experienced ups and downs and the lack of support from the Indonesian government. Therefore, after Indonesia's independence and the increasingly open world of globalization and modernization, it is necessary to look for ideas and ideal forms that are integrally holistic for the world of Islamic education. As well as being able to influence the policies of the Indonesian government and master the political policies of 21st century Islamic education for the future of Indonesian Muslims.Abstark Arah Politik Pendidikan Islam Abad ke 21, sejarah telah mencatat bahwa pendidikan Islam di Indonesia telah mengakar dari sejak masuknya Islam ke nusantara, pendidikan Islam tegak secara sempurna dan paripurna tidak lepas dari peranan para sultan, ulama, dan kaum muslimin yang terus berupaya melakukan kajian majlis ilmu, diskusi, menulis serta aktif dalam gerakan dakwah dan jihad fi sabillilah untuk kejayaan islam. Setelah menancapkan kekuasaan Islam, maka sistem pendidikan islam di topang oleh kebijakan politik Islam yang sangat menguntungkan bagi kepentingan dunia pendidikan Islam. Sejak kehancuran kekhalifahan pemerintahan Islam turki utsmani dan kehancuran kerajan-kerajaan Islam di Indonesia dan dunia. Maka kondisi pendidikan Islam mengalami pasang surut kemunduran dan kurangnya dukungan pemerintah Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, setelah Indonesia merdeka dan semakin terbukanya dunia globalisasi dan modernisasi, maka perlu mencari ide, dan format yang ideal secara integralistik holistik untuk dunia pendidikan Islam. Serta dapat mempengaruhi kebijakan pemerintah Indonesia dan menguasai kebijakan politik pendidikan Islam abad ke 21 untuk masa depan umat Islam bangsa Indonesia.

Agro-Food Trade and Policy issues in the Mediterranean region

2009 ◽  
pp. 23-44
Author(s):  
Michel Petit
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
The Political ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Food Trade ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Trade Conflicts ◽  
North And South

- The limited economic stakes involved in the current agricultural trade discussions and negotiations in the Mediterranean region hardly justify the political sensitivities they generate. As a result, agricultural trade conflicts lead to misconceptions, frustrations and taboos, which stand in the way of fuller agricultural collaboration between North and South in the region. This hampers common efforts in such domains as rural development, agricultural research and higher education as well as the efforts of the private sector, which could address important issues and yield high pay offs.EconLit Classification: F590, Q170Keywords: International Relations, Agriculture in International TradeParole chiave: Relazioni internazionali, Commercio internazionale agricolo

SUSTAINABLE CUSTOMER DIGITAL ENGAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR THE TOURISM RECOVERY PERSPECTIVE

2021 ◽  
Vol 14(63) (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Margarida POCINHO ◽  
Nataliya G.S. VIEIRA ◽  
Celso Pereira NUNES ◽  
Florin NECHITA
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Business Units ◽  
Engagement Strategies ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Digital Engagement ◽  
Content Marketing

The tourism sector has continued to be one of the most affected business units in 2020 in connection with a global pandemic. Numerous regions and tourist destinations, tourist hotspots and accommodations have been subjected to serious changes with a substantial economic impact. Thereby, the question arises as to whether the capacity to respond to customers' needs through functional digital engagement strategies is efficient for supporting a recovery and sustainable development of the tourism industry. This article comments on and provides a critical analysis of the recent online strategies related to content marketing applied to the tourism sector due to a global pandemic and the need to implement a different attitude towards tourismoriented projects. The article proposes some examples of efficient policies that fit in with changes in the world tourism market.

Conclusions

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Rostow
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
21St Century ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
The Political ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

I have tried in this book to summarize where the world economy has come from in the past three centuries and to set out the core of the agenda that lies before us as we face the century ahead. This century, for the first time since the mid-18th century, will come to be dominated by stagnant or falling populations. The conclusions at which I have arrived can usefully be divided in two parts: one relates to what can be called the political economy of the 21st century; the other relates to the links between the problem of the United States playing steadily the role of critical margin on the world scene and moving at home toward a solution to the multiple facets of the urban problem. As for the political economy of the 21st century, the following points relate both to U.S. domestic policy and U.S. policy within the OECD, APEC, OAS, and other relevant international organizations. There is a good chance that the economic rise of China and Asia as well as Latin America, plus the convergence of economic stagnation and population increase in Africa, will raise for a time the relative prices of food and industrial materials, as well as lead to an increase in expen ditures in support of the environment. This should occur in the early part of the next century, If corrective action is taken in the private markets and the political process, these strains on the supply side should diminish with the passage of time, the advance of science and innovation, and the progressively reduced rate of population increase. The government, the universities, the private sector, and the professions might soon place on their common agenda the delicate balance of maintaining full employment with stagnant or falling populations. The existing literature, which largely stems from the 1930s, is quite illuminating but inadequate. And the experience with stagnant or falling population in the the world economy during post-Industrial Revolution times is extremely limited. This is a subject best approached in the United States on a bipartisan basis, abroad as an international problem. It is much too serious to be dealt with, as it is at present, as a domestic political football.

Is Guyana a new oil El Dorado?

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 365-368
Author(s):  
Luis Fernando Panelli
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
The Political ◽  
Oil Exploitation ◽  
The World ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract The Co-operative Republic of Guyana has become one of the most interesting and dynamic oil producing countries in the world at the start of the 21st century. The country already holds 5 billion barrels of proved reserves, which will certainly grow with new discoveries. Exxon leads a consortium of four companies that have the concession of the Stabroek Block (Liza Field), where nine discoveries have been made so far. Five FPSOs will be operating in the future, one of which is due to arrive in Guyana before the end of 2019 and another is due for 2020. By then, the country will be producing 340,000 barrels a day. This production will double and then reach 1 million barrels a day before the end of the next decade. The challenges and opportunities regarding the Guyanese people are dire. The lack of proper infrastructure is certainly one of the biggest challenges. But it is important to stress that the oil proceeds will transform Guyana into the highest GDP per capita of South America. The political stage is also analysed, since political instability might raise concerns for long-term investors. The Venezuela–Guyana differences regarding the sovereignty of the Essequibo Region are again a cause for concern. Brazil is a key player in supporting the geopolitical stability of South America. Presidential elections will be held in 2019/2020: the dispute will probably be between the current President Granger and the Opposition candidate Irfaan Ali. Guyana has a lot to profit from the wealth brought by oil exploitation, but its people fear the risk of growing corruption.

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