scholarly journals Evaluating Prevalence of Depression and Related Factors AmongStudents of an Iranian University (Case Study: Quchan University of Technology)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-41
Author(s):  
Hossein Tireh ◽  
Davood Farbod ◽  
Hamed Jaafari
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractPsychological disorders such as depression are common. Many of these disorders can be evaluated and diagnosed, and above all they are preventable. This study was conducted with the aim of determining depression prevalence rate and its related factors among students of Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran. In a cross-sectional study, 359 students were selected by using simple random sampling. Demographic characteristics were gathered and subjects were evaluated by the Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck’s Anxiety Inventory (BAI). SPSS software was used for statistical analysis and logistic regression, Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were utilized for this purpose. The age mean of students was 21.02±2.57 (Mean, SD). 93 (25.9%) subjects suffer from depression and 266 (74.1%) subjects are not depressed..There is no significant difference between depression and each of these variables: gender, body mass index (BMI), marital status, field of study, living in dormitory, and depression (p-value>0.05); but there was significant difference between depressed and non-depressed students in terms of salary, anxiety, educational level, and satisfaction with field of study (p-value<0.05). According to the results, anxiety (OR=0.2), educational level (OR=5.03), satisfaction with field of study (OR=0.5) and monthly income (OR=3.76) impact depression. Improving the students' consultancy in universities can be helpful to decrease anxiety. In addition, consultants can prepare students for selecting their favorite field of study. Also, it is suggested that university officials provide financial facilities such as interest-free loan for students.

scholarly journals Evaluating Prevalence of Depression and Related Factors Among Students of an Iranian University (Case Study: Quchan University of Technology)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-122
Author(s):  
Hossein Tireh ◽  
Davood Farbod ◽  
Hamed Jaafari
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Psychological disorders such as depression are common. Many of these disorders can be evaluated and diagnosed, and above all they are preventable. This study was conducted with the aim of determining depression prevalence rate and its related factors among students of Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran. In a cross-sectional study, 359 students were selected by using simple random sampling. Demographic characteristics were gathered and subjects were evaluated by the Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck’s Anxiety Inventory (BAI). SPSS software was used for statistical analysis and logistic regression, Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were utilized for this purpose. The age mean of students was 21.02±2.57 (Mean, SD). 93 (25.9%) subjects suffer from depression and 266 (74.1%) subjects are not depressed. There is no significant difference between depression and each of these variables: gender, body mass index (BMI), marital status, field of study, living in dormitory, and depression (p-value>0.05); but there was significant difference between depressed and non-depressed students in terms of salary, anxiety, educational level, and satisfaction with field of study (p-value<0.05). According to the results, anxiety (OR=0.2), educational level (OR=5.03), satisfaction with field of study (OR=0.5) and monthly income (OR=3.76) impact depression. Improving the students’ consultancy in universities can be helpful to decrease anxiety. In addition, consultants can prepare students for selecting their favorite field of study. Also, it is suggested that university officials provide financial facilities such as interest-free loan for students.

Safety climate and related factors in rehabilitation nurses of hospitals in Iran

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Javad vatani ◽  
Zahra Khanikosarkhizi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Shahabi Rabori ◽  
mohammad khandan ◽  
Mohsen aminizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Climate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Climate Assessment ◽  
Safety Work ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
The Individual

BACKGROUND: Safety climate is a common insight of staff that indicates individuals’ attitudes toward safety and priority of safety at work. OBJECTIVES: Nursing is a risky job where paying attention to safety is crucial. The assessment of the safety climate is one of the methods to measure the safety conditions in this occupation. The aim of this study was to assess the safety climate of rehabilitation nurses working in hospitals in Tehran. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study which was carried out on 140 rehabilitation nurses selected from all hospitals and clinics in Tehran in 2019. To collect the required data, a two-section questionnaire was used. The first section was related to demographic factors and the second part (22 statements) was to measure the safety climate using nurses’ safety climate assessment questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS V16 using independent t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test at the 5% level. RESULTS: Findings showed that the total mean of safety climate was 3.06±0.56. According to the results, a significant difference was found between the positive and negative satisfaction of nurses with safety climates (P-value = 0.03), communication with nurses (P-value = 0.01) and supervisors’ attitude (P-value = 0.02). Furthermore, a significant difference in safety climate between the individual with the second job and the individual without second could be observed (P-value = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that the safety climate was not at an acceptable level. Thus, it is essential to introduce safety training courses (e.g. safety, work-rest balance, and so on) and to improve the safety performance at work.

scholarly journals Prevalence, pattern and distribution of MIH defects in Sudanese children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Elhassan Abdalla ◽  
Amal Hussein Abuaffan ◽  
Arthur Musakulu Kemoli
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Statistical Significant Difference ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Population

Abstract Background: Molar incisos hypomineralization (MIH) has serious impact on oral health-related quality of life for a child, due to its effects on tooth structure, aesthetics and behavior of the child. The current study was designed to determine the prevalence, pattern and distribution of MIH in school children in Sudan.Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study involving 568 children, aged 8-11 years from schools in Khartoum State. After collecting their socio-demographic data, the children were examined for hypomineralization on the 12 MIH indexed teeth, and assessed on the MIH pattern and distribution. The data collected were analyzed to obtain descriptive statstics, and the results related to the socio-demographic and other dental-related factors of the children using chi-square test and Spearman Rank Correlation, with the significant level set at p<0.05.Results: The prevalence of MIH in the study population was 20.1%. Majority of the affected teeth were permanent first molars (PFMs) (12.5%), but there was no statistical significant difference between the occurrence of hypomineralization on mandibular and maxillary molars (p=0.22). However, in the case of incisors, there was a statistical significant difference between the maxillary incisors that had higher hypomineralization rate when related to the mandibular incisors ( p=0.00). In terms of the pattern of hypomineralization, demarcated opacities were the commonest MIH defects (69.9%) in the study group.Conclusions: While the prevalence of MIH in the study population was 20.1%, both molars and incisor teeth were frequently affected in both dental arches, and the demarcated opacity type were the most frequent form of defect found in the teeth of the participants.

scholarly journals Faktor Predisposisi dan Pendorong Perilaku Merokok Siswa Remaja SMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel F.H. Deve ◽  
Petrus Romeo ◽  
Enjelita M. Ndoen
Keyword(s):  
School Environment ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Approach

Smoking is a serious health problem among teenagers, marked by the increasing number of teen smokers every year. This study aimed to determine factors associating with smoking behavior in class XI students at SMAN 4 Kupang. This type of research was quantitative, with a cross-sectional study approach. The total sample was 71 people selected by a simple random sampling technique. Data analysis used the chi-square statistical test. The results showed that three variables, namely: knowledge, peer smoking habits, and self-image, associated with smoking behavior (p-value = 0.056; 0.051; 0.056; and 0.075, respectively). Therefore, the school should increase awareness and restrict the smoking behavior of students by enforcing rules and sanctions for students who smoke in the school environment.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study of Antibiotic Self-Medication

Thrita ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Mousavi ◽  
Parisa Shojaei ◽  
Azadeh Nazemi ◽  
Atefe Dadashi
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: This research has been conducted to study antibiotic self-medication, prevalence, and reasons. Methods: A questionnaire containing 30 comprehensive questions in terms of the experience of antibiotic self-medication was prepared. In this cross-sectional study, data were analyzed using analytical statistics bases on chi-square and logistic regression. Results: The results showed that 61.3% of the participants were self-antibiotic users. There was a significant difference only between gender and self-medication such that self-medication in males was more than females (P value = 0.027). Conclusions: Self-medication of antibiotics is almost high and requires more information about the side effects of these drugs in order to promote rational and physically prescribed use.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN KECELAKAAN KERJA (Studi Pada Tenaga Kerja Bagian Produksi PT. Arto Metal Internasional Sidoarjo)

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Havilia Ayu Haznany ◽  
Winarko .
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Workplace Accidents ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship

PT Arto Metal International is one of the metal components manufacturers, where theproduction processes are using machinaries which its operations may lead to accidents. One ofthe effects that can be caused by the production machines might happen if workers are notcareful, they might got pinched by plong engine, etched plates and exposed debris grams.Therefore, this study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of workplaceaccidents in this company.The methods used in this study were analytical methods, because this researchexamined the relationship between 2 (two) variables. Based on its times, this study wascategorized as cross-sectional study, due to variables such as risk factors and effect factorswere observed at the same time. Sampling technique was done by simple random sampling,and analysis was used to determine the relationship between 2 (two) variables using Chi Square.The results showed that employees injured at workplace as much as 94.3%. Theresults of analysis of Chi - Square showed that there were four variables significantlyassociated with the incidence of workplace accidents, they were the use of PPD to theincidence of occupational injuries (p value = 0.025), the level of knowledge to the incidence ofoccupational injuries (p value = 0.047), the ages to the incidence of occupational injuries (pvalue 0.025) and the length of services to the incidence of occupational injuries (p value0.005).Therefore, it is suggested that the company perform incident controlling actionswhether technically, administratively as well as adding a number of Personal ProtectiveDevices (PPD) for workers so that all workers can use it while working.Keywords: Workplace Accident, Personal Protective Devices

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pemilihan Kelas Kepesertaan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Rasdi Awal Nur ◽  
Ismail AB ◽  
Dina Lusiana Setyowati
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Akhir Tahun 2004 pemerintah menetapkan Undang-Undang No. 40 Tahun 2004 tentang Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional, dengan salah satu programnya adalah Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN). Diharapkan dengan adanya JKN pembiayaan pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat dilaksanakan dalam sistem asuransi dan JKN menjadi sistem jaminan yang bersifat wajib. Data dari Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan Kota Tarakan diketahui bahwa desa tertinggi yang terdaftar dalam BPJS Kesehatan adalah Desa Sei Pancang Kecamatan Sebatik Utara sebanyak 1.017 jiwa peserta mandiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi masyarakat Desa Sei Pancang dalam pemilihan kelas kepesertaan JKN. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah warga Desa Sei Pancang yang terdaftar sebagai peserta Mandiri BPJS Kesehatan dengan sampel sebanyak 156 responden yang dipilih secara simple random sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji univariat dan uji bivariat dengan Chi Square. Hasil analisis Chi Square menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara pendapatan (p value = 0,001) dengan pemilihan kelas kepesertaan JKN dan tidak ada hubungan antara aksesibilitas (p value = 0,131) serta mutu pelayanan (p value = 0,091) dengan pemilihan kelas kepesertaan JKN. Dalam hal ini, diharapkan pihak BPJS Kesehatan melakukan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat tentang manfaat dan fasilitas yang didapatkan dalam setiap kelas kepesertaan JKN dan diharapkan masyarakat untuk memilih kelas kepesertaan JKN sesuai dengan pendapatan yang didapatkan demi terwujud pembiayaan kesehatan secara adil.

Frequency and Causes of Consuming Sports Supplements and Understanding their Side Effects Among Bodybuilders in Fitness Gyms of Kermanshah City

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 735-744
Author(s):  
Nadya Baharirad ◽  
Saeid Komasi ◽  
Alireza Khatooni ◽  
Farideh Moradi ◽  
Ali Soroush
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sports Supplements ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Nowadays, paying attention to sports nutrition, particularly focus on using supplements among athletes is increasing rapidly. Objective: This study has been carried out in order to investigate the frequency and causes of consuming supplements and understanding the side effects related to their consumption among bodybuilders in Kermanshah City. Methods: The samples of this cross-sectional study include teenagers and young adults who are the members of fitness gyms around Kermanshah City. 244 individuals were selected as samples using simple random sampling. In order to gather the required data, a four-sectioned questionnaire designed by the research team was used. The data analysis was done using chi-square, independent ttest, and Pearson's and Spearman's correlation coefficients by SPSS-20. Results: The majority of bodybuilders participating in the study (95.3%) have used supplements. The sources suggesting the consumption of supplements included other athletes, the coach, the media, nutrition specialists, and medical doctors, respectively. Generally, 37 types of sports supplements are used by the bodybuilders. Based on their rank, the supplements include vitamin C, Creatine, vitamin E, multivitamin, and iron. The most frequent reasons for consuming sports supplements included muscle building, increasing energy, and improving athletic performance. There is a significant difference between male and female athletes with regards to knowing the psychological and sexual side effects of consuming sports supplements (P<0.05). In general, the level of understanding and knowing the side effects of consuming sports supplements among athletes is not desirable. Conclusion: Since a significant percentage of athletes, particularly male athletes, have a history of consuming sports supplements, it is necessary that the people related to this issue including athletes, coaches, doctors, and nutrition specialists, get sufficient information about the ingredients, side effects, benefits, and applications of various nutritional supplements. Dysfunctional beliefs about the supplements consumption or non-consumption should be discussed.

scholarly journals Development of children of 2 – 3 years old from pre-prosperous family and prosperous family stage II

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Haris Marta Saputra ◽  
Sulaiman Yusuf ◽  
Noval Azis ◽  
Amir Syarifuddin ◽  
Bistok Saing
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Abnormal Development ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children Development

In this study we assess the condition of children development of 2-3 years of age in prosperous family, preprosperousfamily and prosperous family stage II, and find the related factors. This was a cross sectional study on 94children of pre-prosperous family and 94 children of prosperous family stage II at Medan Tuntungan district from December1998 up to March 1999. Data is obtained by questionnaires and examination of the developmental bases by Denver II Method.Statistical analysis of relationship between 2 qualitative variables is tested by chi-square. In the pre-prosperous family wefound 67 children with (35.6%) normal development and 27 (14.4%) children with abnormal development, on the prosperousfamily stage II there were 81 (43.1%) children with normal development and 13 (6.9%) children with abnormal development.We found significant difference between the children development of pre-prosperous and prosperous stage II (p<0.05),significant relationship between children development within 2-3 years of age and the parents’ education level of the Preprosperousfamily (p<0.05), and no significant relationship of the following factors: mothers employment status, mother’sage, number of family and the child’s order in the family.

scholarly journals The Relative Frequency of Bacterial Colonization on the Surfaces of Toys in Kindergartens of Yazd

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahereh Zarei Mahmodabadi ◽  
Mahbobeh Shiranian ◽  
Seyedhossein Hekmatimoghaddan ◽  
Mohamad Hassan Ehrampoush ◽  
Farimah Shamsi
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Yazd City

Introduction: Kindergartens are the first social environments where children are directly exposed to possible contaminations from other children. Factors such as having uncontrolled urination, putting hand, toys, and different objects into the mouth, and sharing objects with other children facilitate the spread of bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of bacterial contamination of toys in kindergartens of Yazd city, Iran. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 324 samples of toys made of either cloth, wood, or plastic were collected from kindergartens at three regions of Yazd, Iran. The swab samples obtained from toys' surface were cultured directly on the bacteriologic culture media blood agar and eosin methylene blue. Specific culture medium with biochemical tests and diagnostic disks were used to determine the genus and species of bacteria. Chi-square test was run for statistical analysis of data. The  p value of < 0.05 was considered as the level of significant difference. Results: The most common bacterial colonization of toys found in the kindergartens was Staphylococcus epidermidis (48.3%). Toys made from cloth (with 3914 CFU/cm2) and the municipality region 3 (with 4645 CFU/cm2) showed the highest amount of contamination among the toy materials and different regions, respectively. Conclusion: Assessment of common contaminations in kindergartens may help the authorities to determine the possible causes of pediatric infections and provide them with a more comprehensive knowledge about the personal as well as environmental hygiene. So, by identification of these contaminations, we can modify the underlying factors, reduce the pollutions, and improve the health of children.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document