Posesivní Genitiv Redivivus

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-501
Author(s):  
Oldřich Uličný

Abstract In the contemporary Czech, in both spoken and especially in written form, possessive adjectives are replaced by possessive genitives, which are originally colloquial constructions only. In the last stage of this development, the postpositive genitive changes into prepositive: Klárčina maminka, maminka Klárky, Klárky maminka (‘Klárka’s mother’). The Czech language thus loses another means of inflection and gets closer to an agglutinative language type. This change (deflective tendency) is also supported by the loss of introflexion, i.e. the loss of morphophonological alternations, in our example k – č, in other cases r – ř, g – ž, ch – š, etc. (Klárčin – Klárky [‘Klárka’s’], sestra – sestřin [‘sister’s’], Olga – Olžin [‘Olga’s’] etc.).

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Boone ◽  
Harold M. Friedman

Reading and writing performance was observed in 30 adult aphasic patients to determine whether there was a significant difference when stimuli and manual responses were varied in the written form: cursive versus manuscript. Patients were asked to read aloud 10 words written cursively and 10 words written in manuscript form. They were then asked to write on dictation 10 word responses using cursive writing and 10 words using manuscript writing. Number of words correctly read, number of words correctly written, and number of letters correctly written in the proper sequence were tallied for both cursive and manuscript writing tasks for each patient. Results indicated no significant difference in correct response between cursive and manuscript writing style for these aphasic patients as a group; however, it was noted that individual patients varied widely in their success using one writing form over the other. It appeared that since neither writing form showed better facilitation of performance, the writing style used should be determined according to the individual patient’s own preference and best performance.


2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-197
Author(s):  
Wang Ding

AbstractChinese sources document foreign names with phonetic transcriptions and render them in Chinese characters with close, or at least approximate, sound value. Among the Sogdians who were active at the Chinese court of the 6th century there were two persons named He Zhuruo and An Weiruo respectively. The etymology of both names can now be tentatively identified with Maniach, the name which was recorded in a Byzantine source, being that of a Sogdian envoy to Constantinople. Hence the original written form of Zhuruo and Weiruo can be restored with the spelling Moruo. The reason for these misspellings goes back to the graphic similarity of the concerned characters. Some further emendations of similar kinds are also proposed.


Trictrac ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Danciu ◽  
Petru Adrian Danciu

The axes of the creation and birth of the imaginary as a mythical language. Our research follows the relationships of the concepts that are taking into account creation on the double axis of verticality and horizontality. We highlight those symbolic elements which would later constitute the mythical language about the sacred space-temporality. Inside this space-temporality a rich spectrum of mythical images develops; images capable of explaining the relationships of the creation plans. Without a religious perception of the temporality, the conceptualization of the axis would remain a philosophical approach. Through our point of view, the two are born simultaneously. Thanks to them, creation can be imagined. The first “frozen” formula of the mystical human spirit can be thought, brought to a palpable reality, expressed in an oral and then a written form. Studied together, temporality (sacred or not) and space are permanently imagined together. For example, a loss of mundane temporality in the secret ecstasy that offers to the soul an ascending direction does not mean getting out of universal temporality, but of its mundane section. In the sacred space the soul relates to time. Even the gods are submitted by the sacred, Aeon sometimes being synonymous to destiny. The universal creator seems to evade every touch, but not consistently, only when he avoids the descent into its created worlds. In sacredness, time and space seem or become confused, both expressing the same reality, by the immediate swing from thinking to deed. The mythical imagery conceives the displacement in the primary space-temporality by the spoken word. So, for something to appear and live, the spoken word is required. Even the divine dream appears as a pre-word of a creator’s thought. The thought follows the spoken word, the spoken word follows the gestures which finally indicate the meanings of the creative act, controlling the rhythm of the creation days. These three will later be adapted through imitation in rite. We are now situated at the limit of the physical world, a real challenge for the mythical imagery. The general feature of the mythical expression on the creation of the material world is the state of the divinity’s exhaustion, most often conceptualized by sacrifice or divine fatigue. The world geography identifies with the anatomy of a self-gutted god. Practically, material creation is most likely the complete revelation of God’s body autopsy. As each body decomposes, everything in it is an illusion. An axial approach of the phenomenon exists in all religious systems. The created element’s origin is exterior, with or without a pre-existing matter, by a god’s sacrifice or only because it has to be that way. This is the starting point of the discussion on the symbolism of axiality as a reason for the constitution of the language of creation, capable of retelling the imaginary construction of myth in an oral and then written form.


2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-61
Author(s):  
G Victor William

Personal guarantee (borgtocht) is an additional agreement (accesoir) which is made for the benefit of the creditor. Personal guarantee cannot exist if there is no legal principal agreement between the creditor and the debtor, therefore this guarantee agreement involves three parties, namely the creditor, the debtor and the guarantor. The main reason for the making of personal guarantee agreement is because there is a relationship of interest between the guarantor and the debtor (the guarantor has an economic interest in the business of the debtor). Personal guarantee in practice are always made in written form. Personal guarantee agreement can be made in the form of under the hand deed or notarial deed. In banking practices, the agreement is made in the form of a standard contract that has been provided by the bank as the creditor. The party that signs this deed is the debtor and the guarantor, hereinafter the deed kept by the bank.


Author(s):  
Muthia Damaiyanti ◽  
Edwar Kemal

Speaking is one of the activities conducted by human everyday. In speaking, the sentences can be simple sentences and even complex sentences. Sometimes, in speaking the words and phrases are used to fill a syntactic position without having a meaning or referent. It is called expletive. The research analyzes the form and function of expletive in utterances of kubang society. The data were collected through interviews and recording technique and the theory used from Azar and Manser. The data were presented in written form. The research shows that there are fiften expletive words used by Kubang society in conversation. Expletive often appears in adverb. Though, it is only a filler, expletive words are often used by Kubang society.


2016 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 7-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan J. Found ◽  
Carolyne Bird

Overview:   This document provides a summary of a practical method that can be used to compare handwriting (whether text-based or signatures) in the forensic environment. It is intended to serve as an approach to forensic handwriting examination for practitioners actively involved in casework, or for those interested in investigating general aspects of the practice of forensic handwriting examination (for example researchers, academics and legal professionals). The method proposed does not cover in detail all aspects of the examination of handwriting. It does, however, form the framework of forensic handwriting methodology in the government environment in Australia and New Zealand as represented by the Document Examination Specialist Advisory Group (DocSAG). It is noted from the outset that handwriting is examined using complex human perceptual and cognitive processes that can be difficult to accurately and validly describe in written form since, for the most part, these processes are hidden. What is presented here is the agreed general approach that DocSAG practitioners use in the majority of the comparisons that they carry out. The method is based around a flow diagram which structures the comparison process and provides the reader with a guide as to the significant landmark stages commonly worked through in practical handwriting examinations. Where decision points occur within the course of the method flow diagram a series of modules have been developed which describe the nature of the decision under consideration and address relevant theoretical and practical issues. Each module is, as far as is practical, independent of other modules in the method. This assists in facilitating changes in the process over time that may result from theoretical, practical or technological advances in the field. Purchase Volume 26 - Special Issue - $40


1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Einfeldt

A process, called Bio-Denipho, for combined biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal in a combination of an anaerobic tank and two oxidation ditches is described. In this process the anaerobic tank consisting of three sections working in series is followed by two oxidation ditches. These too are working in series, but with both inlet to and outlet from the tanks changing in a cycle. The Bio-Denipho process is described specifically for the process itself and as a case study for the implementation of the process on a 265,000 pe wastewater treatment plant for the city of Aalborg in Denmark. The plant was designed and erected in two stages and the last stage was inaugurated October 31,1989. Lay-out and functions for the plant is described and design loads, plan lay-out and tank volumes are given in this paper together with performance data for the first year in operation.


2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 955-958
Author(s):  
Reddymasu Sireesha ◽  
Reddymasu Sreenivasulu ◽  
Choragudi Chandrasekhar ◽  
Mannam Subba Rao

: Deprotection is significant and conducted over mild reaction conditions, in order to restrict any more side reactions with sensitive functional groups as well as racemization or epimerization of stereo center because the protective groups are often cleaved at last stage in the synthesis. P - Methoxy benzyl (PMB) ether appears unique due to its easy introduction and removal than the other benzyl ether protecting groups. A facile, efficient and highly selective cleavage of P - methoxy benzyl ethers was reported by using 20 mole% Zinc (II) Trifluoromethanesulfonate at room temperature in acetonitrile solvent over 15-120 min. time period. To study the generality of this methodology, several PMB ethers were prepared from a variety of substrates having different protecting groups and subjected to deprotection of PMB ethers using Zn(OTf)2 in acetonitrile. In this methodology, zinc triflate cleaves only PMB ethers without affecting acid sensitivity, base sensitivity and also chiral epoxide groups.


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