scholarly journals Does the Length of Fielding Period Matter? Examining Response Scores of Early Versus Late Responders

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Sigman ◽  
Taylor Lewis ◽  
Naomi Dyer Yount ◽  
Kimya Lee
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Intention To Leave ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Global Satisfaction ◽  
Federal Employee ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The U.S

Abstract This article discusses the potential effects of a shortened fielding period on an employee survey’s item and index scores and respondent demographics. Using data from the U.S. Office of Personnel Management’s 2011 Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey, we investigate whether early responding employees differ from later responding employees. Specifically, we examine differences in item and index scores related to employee engagement and global satisfaction. Our findings show that early responders tend to be less positive, even after adjusting their weights for nonresponse. Agencies vary in their prevalence of late responders, and score differences become magnified as this proportion increases. We also examine the extent to which early versus late responders differ on demographic characteristics such as grade level, supervisory status, gender, tenure with agency, and intention to leave, noting that nonminorities and females are the two demographic characteristics most associated with responding early.

scholarly journals Association of Employee Engagement Factors and Turnover Intention Among the 2015 U.S. Federal Government Workforce

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402093184
Author(s):  
Ilana O. McCarthy ◽  
Ramal Moonesinghe ◽  
Hazel D. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Voluntary Turnover ◽  
Intention To Leave ◽  
Federal Employee ◽  
Engagement Factors ◽  
Federal Workforce ◽  
Positive Effect

Employee turnover is a major challenge facing the federal workforce, which has lost more employees to voluntary turnover than any other form of turnover. This study determined the associations between engagement, demographic factors, and voluntary turnover intention by analyzing 2015 Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey data. The findings indicate that employees with higher engagement levels are less likely to report an intention to leave their jobs than those with lower engagement levels. All engagement factors—perceptions of supervisors, leaders, and intrinsic work experience—are independently associated with turnover intention. Demographics also influenced turnover intention; being younger, male, and in a supervisory role and having a higher education level and shorter tenure were more likely to indicate turnover intention. Increasing employee engagement can have a positive effect on retaining a productive federal workforce. To retain an effective federal workforce, human capital management practices are needed to optimize factors that reduce turnover intention.

Workplace Ostracism and Its Negative Outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 143-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Zheng ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Hang-Yue Ngo ◽  
Xiao-Yu Liu ◽  
Wengjuan Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Intention To Leave ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Workplace Ostracism ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Workplace ostracism, conceived as to being ignored or excluded by others, has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. One essential topic in this area is how to reduce or even eliminate the negative consequences of workplace ostracism. Based on conservation of resources (COR) theory, the current study assesses the relationship between workplace ostracism and its negative outcomes, as well as the moderating role played by psychological capital, using data collected from 256 employees in three companies in the northern part of China. The study yields two important findings: (1) workplace ostracism is positively related to intention to leave and (2) psychological capital moderates the effect of workplace ostracism on affective commitment and intention to leave. This paper concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for organizations and employees, along with recommendations for future research.

Immigration and the tech industry: As a labour shortage remedy, for innovation, or for cost savings?

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Matloff
Keyword(s):  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
It Service ◽  
Labour Shortage ◽  
Labour Costs ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The U.S

The two main reasons cited by the U.S. tech industry for hiring foreign workers--remedying labour shortages and hiring "the best and the brightest"--are investigated, using data on wages, patents, and R&D work, as well as previous research and industry statements. The analysis shows that the claims of shortage and outstanding talent are not supported by the data, even after excluding the Indian IT service firms. Instead, it is shown that the primary goals of employers in hiring  foreign workers are to reduce labour costs and to obtain "indentured" employees. Current immigration policy is causing an ‘Internal Brain Drain’ in STEM.

scholarly journals 1717. Relationship between Neighborhood Census-tract Level Poverty and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)-associated Hospitalizations in U.S. adults, 2015-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S842-S843
Author(s):  
Jenna Holmen ◽  
Art Reingold ◽  
Erica Bye ◽  
Lindsey Kim ◽  
Evan J Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Census Tract ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Emerging Infections ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Background In the U.S., RSV is increasingly recognized as a cause of hospitalization for adults with respiratory illness. In adults > 50 years of age, it accounts for up to 12% of medically-attended acute respiratory illnesses and has a case fatality proportion of ~ 6–8%. Poverty can have important influences on health on both the individual level as well as the community level. Few studies have evaluated the relationship of RSV and poverty level, and no identified studies have evaluated this relationship among adults. We evaluated the incidence of RSV-associated hospitalizations in adults across multiple sites in the U.S. by census-tract (CT) level poverty. Methods Medical record data abstraction was conducted for all adults with a laboratory-confirmed RSV infection admitted to a hospital within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Emerging Infections Program catchment areas within California, Georgia, Maryland, Minnesota, New York, and Tennessee during the 2015–2017 RSV seasons (October-April). Patient addresses were geocoded to their corresponding CT. CTs were divided into four levels of poverty, as selected in prior publications, based on American Community Survey data of percentage of people living below the poverty level: 0–4.9%, 5–9.9%, 10-19.9%, and ³20%. Incidence rates were calculated by dividing the number of RSV cases in each CT poverty-level (numerator) by the number of adults living in each CT poverty level (denominator), as determined from the 2010 US census, and standardized for age. Results There were 1713 RSV case-patients with demographic characteristics (Table 1). The incidence of RSV-associated hospitalizations of adults increased with increasing CT level poverty (Figure 1 and Table 2). The risk of RSV-associated hospitalization was 2.58 times higher in census tracts with the highest (20%) versus the lowest (< 5%) percentages of individuals living below the poverty level. Table 1: Demographic characteristics of adults with an RSV-associated hospitalization, 2015-2017. Figure 1. Age-adjusted incidence rate of RSV-associated hospitalizations of adults by census-tract poverty level, 2015-2017 Table 2. Incidence rate ratios for RSV-associated hospitalizations of adults by census-tract poverty level, 2015-2017. Conclusion The incidence rate of RSV-associated hospitalization in adults appears to have a positive association with increasing CT level of poverty; however, this trend reached significance only among cases living in CTs with higher percentages of poverty (≥ 10%). Disclosures Evan J. Anderson, MD, Sanofi Pasteur (Scientific Research Study Investigator)

scholarly journals Analysis and Prediction of Pedestrians’ Violation Behavior at the Intersection Based on a Markov Chain

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5690
Author(s):  
Chengyuan Mao ◽  
Lewen Bao ◽  
Shengde Yang ◽  
Wenjiao Xu ◽  
Qin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Markov Chain Model ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Behavior Prediction ◽  
Road Geometry ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing ◽  
Prediction Approach

Pedestrian violations pose a danger to themselves and other road users. Most previous studies predict pedestrian violation behaviors based only on pedestrians’ demographic characteristics. In practice, in addition to demographic characteristics, other factors may also impact pedestrian violation behaviors. Therefore, this study aims to predict pedestrian crossing violations based on pedestrian attributes, traffic conditions, road geometry, and environmental conditions. Data on the pedestrian crossing, both in compliance and in violation, were collected from 10 signalized intersections in the city of Jinhua, China. We propose an illegal pedestrian crossing behavior prediction approach that consists of a logistic regression model and a Markov Chain model. The former calculates the likelihood that the first pedestrian who decides to cross the intersection illegally within each signal cycle, while the latter computes the probability that the subsequent pedestrians who decides to follow the violation. The proposed approach was validated using data gathered from an additional signalized intersection in Jinhua city. The results show that the proposed approach has a robust ability in pedestrian violation behavior prediction. The findings can provide theoretical references for pedestrian signal timing, crossing facility optimization, and warning system design.

Computer Aided Authoring and Editing

1981 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Braby ◽  
J. Peter Kincaid
Keyword(s):  
Grade Level ◽  
Small Data ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Training Analysis ◽  
Training Materials ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Evaluation Group ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Readable Text ◽  
The U.S

Using computers to author and edit text is now feasible and economical. This article describes two elements of a computer based publishing system which aid authors by automatically generating certain kinds of training materials, and in writing easily understood text Authoring routines automatically format and compose text and merge stored graphics with the text. Highly redundant training materials require only a small data base to produce a sizeable workbook. Editing routines aid authors in writing readable text by: 1) flagging uncommon words and long sentences; 2) suggesting substitutes for awkward or difficult words and phrases; and 3) indicating the readability grade level. These routines are operating as elements of a prototype publishing system in the U.S. Navy's Training Analysis and Evaluation Group minicomputer. They are being developed for use in the U.S. Navy's computer based publishing system.

scholarly journals POWER LAWS IN REAL ESTATE PRICES DURING BUBBLE PERIODS

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 61-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAKAAKI OHNISHI ◽  
TAKAYUKI MIZUNO ◽  
CHIHIRO SHIMIZU ◽  
TSUTOMU WATANABE
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Power Law ◽  
House Price ◽  
Power Laws ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Price Distribution ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Real Estate Prices ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The U.S

How can we detect real estate bubbles? In this paper, we propose making use of information on the cross-sectional dispersion of real estate prices. During bubble periods, prices tend to go up considerably for some properties, but less so for others, so that price inequality across properties increases. In other words, a key characteristic of real estate bubbles is not the rapid price hike itself but a rise in price dispersion. Given this, the purpose of this paper is to examine whether developments in the dispersion in real estate prices can be used to detect bubbles in property markets as they arise, using data from Japan and the U.S. First, we show that the land price distribution in Tokyo had a power-law tail during the bubble period in the late 1980s, while it was very close to a lognormal before and after the bubble period. Second, in the U.S. data we find that the tail of the house price distribution tends to be heavier in those states which experienced a housing bubble. We also provide evidence suggesting that the power-law tail observed during bubble periods arises due to the lack of price arbitrage across regions.

Mediator Analysis of Job Satisfaction: Relationship between Servant Leadership and Employee Engagement

Metamorphosis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhjot Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Servant Leadership ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Service Provider ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Servant Leaders ◽  
Call Centres ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Satisfaction Relationship

Servant leaders attempt altruistically and selflessly to help others before themselves, believe in developing their followers to their greatest potential, and seek to benefit the wider community. The main purpose of the present article is to examine servant leadership as the antecedent to employee engagement, mediated by job satisfaction, in Punjab, using data from 190 employees from different service provider companies (banks, colleges, call centres, insurance companies). Quantitative analysis shows that when employees observe positive levels in servant leadership, they are fundamentally encouraged towards exercising significantly higher levels of engagement and satisfaction.

Using Profiles of Human and Social Capital to Understand Adult Immigrants’ Education Needs: A Latent Class Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calonie M. K. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Adult Learners ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Education Needs ◽  
International Assessment ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Adult Immigrants ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
The U.S

With the U.S. adult education system providing education services to millions of immigrants annually, understanding the unique skills and assets among adult immigrant learners is important. Using data from the U.S. Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies, this study used data on immigrants ( n = 1,873) to identify latent classes along dimensions of human and social capital. Latent class analysis indicated five discrete profiles: High Opportunity, Upskill Ready, Satisfactorily Skilled, Motivated and Engaged, and Highly Skilled. The results provide support for using customized education approaches to capitalize on the collection of assets adult learners have while concurrently increasing education service providers’ capacity to serve.

Disproportionately Overrepresented: Women in Local Elected Offices

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan M. Bernick ◽  
Brianne Heidbreder
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
National Association ◽  
County Level ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The U.S

This research examines the position of county clerk, where women are numerically disproportionately over-represented. Using data collected from the National Association of Counties and the U.S. Census Bureau, the models estimate the correlation between the county clerk’s sex and county-level demographic, social, and political factors with maximum likelihood logit estimates. This research suggests that while women are better represented in the office of county clerk across the United States, when compared to other elective offices, this representation may be because this office is not seen as attractive to men and its responsibilities fit within the construct of traditional gender norms.

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