scholarly journals Faecal contamination of water in the Lake Mellah and its catchment area, north-eastern Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Wahida Kherifi ◽  
Lynda Hecini ◽  
Fedia Bekiri ◽  
Houria Kherici-Bousnoubra
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
High Water ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Faecal Contamination ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Faecal Bacteria ◽  
Eastern Algeria

Abstract Lake Mellah close to the Mediterranean Sea in north-eastern Algeria belongs to valuable ornithological sites with numerous, often migratory, birds. To achieve the research goal, seventeen (17) sampling points were sampled based on the urbanization of the watershed. Water samples were taken at different wadis levels (upstream and downstream of settlements), as well as at the wastewater treatment plant and in Lake Mellah based on four measurement campaigns conducted at one frequency seasonal (high water, low water) during the year (2011/2012). Biological parameters (coliform faecal bacteria, streptococci) were analysed in water of the lake and its affluents in the laboratory of the Department of Health and Population, El Taref by the most probable number (MPN) technique of the Mac Grady table taken from various points. Obtained results were processed by the use of Bourgeois ratio (coliform faecal bacteria: streptococci) to indicate the origin of faecal contamination of waters and to establish maps of the spatio-temporal evolution of this ratio by the software Surfer 9. This way we obtained information of contamination of human origin during the dry season coming from domestic waste waters. In winter the ratio showed animal prevalence of contamination coming primarily from Animal Park in El Kala.

scholarly journals The efficiency of a low-cost hydrogen sulphide (H2S) kit as an early warning test for assessing microbial rainwater quality and its correlation with standard indicators microorganisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-143
Author(s):  
Mokaba Shirley Malema ◽  
Jean-Marc Mwenge Kahinda ◽  
Akebe Luther King Abia ◽  
Roman Tandlich ◽  
Bongumusa M. Zuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Faecal Contamination ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Number Of Cells

Abstract Testing microbial quality of the harvested rainwater remains a challenge in many countries. The H2S test kit is a low-cost microbiological field-based test which can be used in areas where water testing facilities are limited. This study compares its efficiency with the standard indicators microorganisms in the detection of faecal contamination of rainwater in South Africa. A total of 88 rainwater samples were collected from various tanks in the Eastern Cape, South Africa over three months in 2016. The collected samples were analysed for faecal bacterial contamination using the H2S test kit, Colilert-18/Quanti-tray®/2000 and the membrane filtration technique for faecal coliforms (MFT). The correspondence rate of the H2S test kit with MFT was 88 %, while for the Colilert® it was 76 %. The H2S test kit confirmed faecal contamination when concentrations of standards indicators microorganisms were 5 most-probable number of cells/100 cm3 or higher. Overall, the best correspondence of the H2S test kit with Colilert® was observed at E. coli concentrations above 50 most-probable number of cells/100 cm3. Results of the H2S test kit correlated better with MTF, while the medium used has strongly influenced the enumeration of faecal contamination. Results point to strong effect of media used and revealed the need to calibrate the correspondence between the standard indicator microorganisms and the H2S test kit under local conditions for specific settings.

scholarly journals Arcobacter cryaerophilusand thermophilic campylobacters in a sewage treatment plant in Italy: two secondary treatments compared

1993 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Stampi ◽  
O Varoli ◽  
F Zanetti ◽  
G De Luca
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Tertiary Treatment ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Urban Sewage ◽  
Thermophilic Campylobacter ◽  
The Mean

SUMMARYMicroaerophilic organisms were monitored in sewage effluent undergoing two secondary treatments: air and oxygen-activated sludge. The mean numbers ofArcobacter cryaerophilusand thermophilic campylobacters detected in incoming sewage were 5639/100 ml and 1720/100 ml respectively.Secondary treatment in air tanks reduced the population ofA. cryaerophilusby 97.1% and of thermophilic campylobacters by 99.08%, whereas treatment in oxygen tanks reduced the bacteria 97.8% and 99.63% respectively, showing that oxygen-activated sludge treatment was more effective. Subsequent tertiary treatment with 2 p.p.m. chlorine dioxide evidenced the removal ofA. cryaerophilusto 99.9% and eliminated thermophilic campylobacters.Campylobacter jejuniandC. coliconstituted 54.1% and 45.9% of 74 thermophilic campylobacter strains isolated. In air-activated sludge effluentC. jejuniwas found more often, thus appearing more sensitive to oxygen.The most probable number assay used for detection of campylobacters, blood medium for enrichment and blood-free medium for plating, also appeared to be fit forA. cryaerophilus, the high density of which in urban sewage may be due to inflows from slaughterhouses.

Characteristics of Cultivated Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria Community Isolated from Coal Mine Treatment Plant in H2S Removal

2016 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
pp. 127-130
Author(s):  
Duongruitai Nicomrat
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Sulfur Cycling ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
Mae Moh ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria

Sulfur cycling based on biological oxidation of sulfide to sulfate involves sulfur-oxidizing reducing microbial communities associated with sulfide which normally oxidize sulfide in acidic environment to sulfate. The chemolithotrophic sulfur oxidizing bacteria (SOB) usually use organic and/ or inorganic sulfide initially oxidizing and subsequently released sulfate under aerobic or subaerobic condition. This study was to understand SOB community isolated from coal mine treating plant at Mae Moh, Lampang and their potentials in hydrogen sulfide (H2S) removal. In this result, with common heterotrophic medium supplemented with glucose 10 mg/ L and sulfur 0.001%, the cultured SOB were successfully cultivated based on most probable number method. Their activity showed an increase in sulfate concentration over time correspondent to an increase in culturable SOB communities. The SOB community could also develop their own microbial niches in the present of continuously aerated H2S in the medium at 30-40°C during 7 day incubation. They could remove H2S between 200-500 ppm from wastewater. These sulfur oxidized H2S contaminated in wastewater treatment facilities or drainage. Their species will be further isolated and characterized by molecular analysis.

scholarly journals Characterization and diversity of macroinvertebrates of the Bouhamdane Stream (northeast of Algeria)

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Abdelhakim Rouibi ◽  
Affef Baaloudj ◽  
Faycal Chahrour ◽  
Ahmed Kerfouf ◽  
Hadia Rizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
High Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Algeria

Freshwaters are among the most threatened ecosystems, particularly in North Africa where urbanization and climate change are exerting an important pressure on aquatic fauna. Long-term investigation of macroinvertebrates is one of the best ways of tracking and understanding the influence of environmental and anthropogenic pressures on community dynamics. In this study, we focus on determining the community structure and diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates as well as the state of aquatic physicochemical parameters in the Bouhamdane Stream, near the outlet of Bouhamdane dam, Seybouse watershed, north-eastern Algeria. We carried out a bi-monthly sampling of macroinvertebrates and nine water physicochemical parameters from September 2017 to July 2018 at three sites. Results show that the collected macroinvertebrates (6756 individuals) belong to 15 families and 12 orders. The abundance of the macrofauna consisted of 88.19% crustaceans, 7.74% insects, 3.7% molluscs and 0.16% annelids. Physicochemical analyzes (depth, turbidity, pH, dissolved O2, temperature, salinity, and conductivity) showed variability among sites. The families of Gammaridae and Baetidae were the most frequent and the most abundant on all the stations. The results indicate that aquatic macroinvertebrates constitute good indicators of the biological quality of water. This study shows that even with the occurrence of regular dam water discharge, the macroinvertebrate community is still able to persist either through adaptation to high water velocity or high colonization rate.

Investigation of Bacterial Populations Producing Elevated MPN Values and False Positive Fecal Coliform Counts and Applicable Disinfectants in an Industrial Wastewater

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2181-2182 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Davis ◽  
D. L. Manville ◽  
J. J. Mathewson ◽  
G. W. Meriwether
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Probable Number

This poster presents data on the types of bacteria which produced elevated, most probable number (MPN) fecal coliform values in an industrial waste treatment plant effluent. The principal influent stream, a pulp and paper mill wastewater, contained principally Klebsiella species of environmental, not enteric origin. Fecal streptococci and enterococci were low in numbers. Eight disinfectants were tested on a small (currently acid disinfected) municipal wastewater incoming stream and on the main plant effluent.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal variation of scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in two oak biotopes of Ouled Bechih Forest, Souk-Ahras region (north-eastern Algeria)

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-319
Author(s):  
Nawel Ganaoui ◽  
Mohamed Chérif Maazi ◽  
Azzedine Chefrour
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Quercus Suber ◽  
Nonparametric Tests ◽  
Cork Oak ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Family ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Eastern Algeria ◽  
Scarab Beetles

Abstract This paper presents the results of a comparative study with the objective of studying the spatio-temporal variation in the abundance and richness of scarab beetles in two oak biotopes (cork oak – Quercus suber and zeen oak – Q. canariensis) of the Ouled Bechih Forest in the Souk-Ahras region of north-eastern Algeria during 2017. Two sampling techniques were used: pitfall traps and bidirectional glass traps. During the study period 6022 individuals were collected and 17 species of the family Scarabaeidae were identified. The results of nonparametric tests (Mann-Whitney U-test and Kruskal-Wallis H-test) show that there is a significant difference in abundance and richness between the two biotopes and from March to August. These two biodiversity parameters were greater in the cork oak than in the zeen oak forests. The activity of the scarab beetles was much higher in the dry season, but lower in the rainy season. The phytophagous species were most influenced by seasonality, especially in the cork oak biotopes, whereas the coprophagous ones remained relatively constant in both habitats.

scholarly journals The bacteriological quality of drinking water in Haldwani Block of Nainital District, Uttarakhand, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinita Rawat ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Jha ◽  
Arundhati Bag ◽  
Monil Singhai ◽  
Chandra Mohan Singh Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Bacteriological Quality ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Tube Wells

A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the bacteriological quality of water in Haldwani block, Nainital District, India. Stratified random sampling was used to categorize water sources and consumer points. In total, 108 samples were collected: 15 from the Gola river, 51 from water taps, 24 from water treatment plants and 18 from tube wells. Samples were tested for coliforms by the most probable number technique. Identification of species was done by standard procedures. Of 108 water samples, 58.8% were found to be polluted. All samples of water (n = 15) from different sites of the Gola river were found to be highly contaminated. Out of 24 water treatment plant samples, four samples were found unsatisfactory, while more than half (51.6%) of its supplies to water taps were polluted. From tube wells and their water taps, 88.8 and 60% samples were found safe for drinking respectively. Bacterial contamination of water treatment plants and their supplies indicates significant disparities in the efficiency of water treatment processes. Contamination of water taps of tube wells suggests leakage of pipes. There is an urgent need to improve these services to ensure the supply of safe water for consumers.

scholarly journals Microbial Content Test on Sliced Papaya in Area of Universitas Sumatera Utara

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Nenni Dwi Aprianti Lubis ◽  
Sri Amelia ◽  
Ridwan Balatif
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
High Water ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Biochemical Identification ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes ◽  
The University ◽  
Mpn Test

Papaya is a fruit that is often consumed in Indonesia and has increased consumption from 2015-2016 based on SUSENAS 2016. Papaya has high water content (85-90%) and the pH is near neutral. This makes papaya vulnerable and suitable medium for the growth of pathogenic microbes. The presence of pathogenic microbes in papaya can cause health problems for those who consumed them. Objectives this study was to observe the microbial content of sliced papaya in the Universitas Sumatera Utara. Method this research was carried out by conducting laboratory tests and the results obtained in the form of a description of microbial content in papaya cut samples. The content of coliform microbes in sliced papaya was tested using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method and biochemical identification. Papaya samples were selected using total sampling method from the University of Sumatera Utara. Results A total of 14 sliced papaya samples were analysed in this study. By using the MPN test it was found that all papaya samples had a microbial threshold exceeding those determined by SNI 7388: 2009 which is below <20 / g. A total of 9 papaya samples (64.28%) contained Klebsiella sp. bacteria, 5 samples (35.72%) contained E.coli bacteria. Conclusions Bacteria found in this study were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. The presence of microbial content in the sliced papaya sample that exceeds the threshold must be a concern of various parties in the surveillance of snacks being sold.

Nitrifying bacteria in the influent to a wastewater treatment plant - influence and importance on nitrifying capacity

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Sandén ◽  
B. Björlenius ◽  
C. Grunditz ◽  
G. Dalhammar
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Competitive Elisa ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Biological Unit ◽  
One Year

Cells of Nitrobacter sp. were enumerated in the influent to Bromma wastewater treatment plant using monoclonal antibodies in a competitive ELISA. By comparing this method with the most probable number technique we conclude that the immunological method is much more relevant for determining Nitrobacter sp. The amount of Nitrobacter sp. cells in the influent was measured once every second month during one year. Examinations concerning variations during one week and one day respectively were conducted. Finally a mass balance was constructed describing the amount of nitrifiers at different sites in the plant. The analysis showed that the amount of Nitrobacter sp. cells varies during the year but no obvious pattern could be observed. At the middle of an average week higher amounts were recorded. The major part of the nitrifiers was found in the biological unit and most of them have entered the wastewater treatment plant by the influent. Only small quantities were found in water from secondary clarifiers, filters and different sludge streams. 90% of the incoming cells of Nitrobacter sp. in the influent were captured in the plant. 5% of the bacteria were lost with the effluent and another 5% with the digested dry solids.

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