scholarly journals Methods for Estimation of the Riverflow Potential for Hydrokinetic Power Generation

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kalnacs ◽  
J. Kalnacs ◽  
A. Mutule ◽  
U. Persis
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
Depth Measurement ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
A Minor

Abstract The authors propose methods for estimation of the potential of riverflows for electricity production at hydrokinetic power plants. The methods can be applied to any river or its span where it is possible to move using a floating means. The methodical part includes validation of the flow velocity and bed depth measurement data using the available statistics as well as a case study. Analysis of the in-river measurement results for the selected spans of river Daugava shows that the flow rate variations exert only a minor influence on the flow velocity at particular sites. This testifies the hydrokinetic power plants as stable and predictable sources of electrical energy, both in a long term and, especially, in a short one. The proposed estimation methods could be useful in explorations of rivers, making them simpler and cheaper.

scholarly journals Prioritizing Energy Sources to Generate Electricity (Application of Fuzzy Logic)

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-421
Author(s):  
Bahareh Hashemlou ◽  
Hossein Sadeghi ◽  
Arashk Masaeli ◽  
Mohammadhadi Hajian ◽  
Shima Javaheri
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Fuzzy Preference Relations ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Day By Day

Organizations, institutions, and different sectors of manufacturing, services and agriculture are constantly making decisions. Each of the aforementioned sectors, have strategies, tactics, and various functions that play a basic role in reaching the objectives. On the other hand, energy demand in developing countries is increasing day by day. The exact calculation of the cost per unit of electricity generated by power plants is not easy. Therefore, this study according to four sources of natural gas, nuclear energy, renewable energy and other fossil fuels other than natural gas that are used in a variety of electricity production plants is trying to clarify the ranking of generation electricity approach using "fuzzy preference relations" analysis. Accordingly, three models were used and the results showed that natural gas, with regard to the four criteria of low investment cost, low power, lack of pollution and the safety and reliability of electrical energy has priority over other alternatives. Full preferred model results also suggested that the energy of natural gas, renewable energies, nuclear and other fossil fuels should be considered in a priority for power generation. Sensitivity analysis results moreover demonstrated that the above models are not affected by the threshold values ​​and the full stability of the models is observed.

Early-Warning System for Power Coal Storage and Supply Margin of Henan Province

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 2366-2374
Author(s):  
Ye Fei Liu ◽  
Huan Qi ◽  
Su Qin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Fuel Storage

China's needs of energy increased dramatically in these years. In China, Electrical energy are mainly generated by thermal power plants that use coal as fuel, thus electricity supply are linked to the power fuel (coals) storage of power plants. Henan has been changed form an energy exporter province to an energy importer province. Therefore, the fuel storage and supply of power plants are keys to the security of the province's social development, economics and energy supply. Research the margin of power fuel storage and supply can help the policy makers to learn the security conditions and trends of electricity production microscopically, reducing the risks in the power production process, and improving the efficiency of production and the efficiency of energy. Environmental and economic issues brought by the excessive storage can be reduced. This article describes the ideas and development of early warning system for power fuel storage and supply margin of Henan province.

An Improved Methodology to Design Large-Scale Photovoltaic Power Plant

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Durusu ◽  
Ali Erduman
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Pv Modules

A secure and reliable supply of energy is important for economic stability and even in social life. Increasing human population, industrialization, and rising living standards lead to increased electrical energy demand. Uncertainties in oil prices, shortage of fossil fuel reserves, and environmental pollution from conventional fuels leads solar energy as an alternative resource for electricity production. The share of installed photovoltaic (PV) capacity as a percent of total installed power generating capacity is increasing every year. In this study, an improved methodology to design large-scale PV power plant is proposed. The proposed methodology is performed for designing optimal configurations of PV power plants. The design methodology is performed using commercially available PV modules and inverters. In addition, solar radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed, shadow effect, and location and shape of plant field are taken into consideration as input parameters. The alternatives and parameters are evaluated with the purpose of minimizing the levelized cost of generated electricity (LCOE). The methodology includes the use of a genetic algorithm (GA) for determining the optimal number of PV modules and inverters, optimum tilt angle of PV modules, required installation area for the plant and optimum cable cross section and lengths. In the paper, the methodology is implemented, and case studies and results using pvsyst software for the same case studies are compared with each other.

Development of a Technology Roadmap for the Energy and Water Nexus

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford K. Ho ◽  
M. Michael Hightower ◽  
Ronald C. Pate ◽  
Wayne Einfeld ◽  
Christopher P. Cameron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Technology Roadmap ◽  
Thermoelectric Power Plants ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Critical Resources

Energy and water are critical resources that are inextricably and reciprocally linked. The production of energy requires large volumes of water, and the treatment and distribution of water depends upon readily available, low-cost energy. For example, electricity production from thermoelectric power plants can use ∼140,000 million gallons of water per day for cooling—accounting for 39% of all freshwater withdrawals in the nation, second only to agriculture in the United States (Figure 1). Significant amounts of water are also needed for hydropower, extraction/refining of minerals for energy, and bio-fuel production. Electrical energy, on the other hand, is needed for water treatment (e.g., desalination, wastewater), pumping, and distribution. The amount of electricity used in water and wastewater industries is equivalent to the amount used in chemical, petroleum refining, and paper industries. These interdependencies, coupled with increasing demands for energy and diminishing availability of freshwater supplies, pose significant challenges to ensure the sustainability of these two critical resources. Examples of the interrelationships between energy and water use are shown in Figure 2.

scholarly journals Residential Power Traces for Five Houses: The iHomeLab RAPT Dataset

Data ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Patrick Huber ◽  
Melvin Ott ◽  
Martin Friedli ◽  
Andreas Rumsch ◽  
Andrew Paice
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Load Monitoring ◽  
Tumble Dryer

Datasets with measurements of both solar electricity production and domestic electricity consumption separated into the major loads are interesting for research focussing on (i) local optimization of solar energy consumption and (ii) non-intrusive load monitoring. To this end, we publish the iHomeLab RAPT dataset consisting of electrical power traces from five houses in the greater Lucerne region in Switzerland spanning a period from 1.5 up to 3.5 years with a sampling frequency of five minutes. For each house, the electrical energy consumption of the aggregated household and specific appliances such as dishwasher, washing machine, tumble dryer, hot water boiler, or heating pump were metered. Additionally, the data includes electric production data from PV panels for all five houses, and battery power flow measurement data from two houses. Thermal metadata is also provided for the three houses with a heating pump.

scholarly journals Steam turbine efficiency assessment, first step towards sustainable electricity production

2021 ◽  
Vol 342 ◽  
pp. 04007
Author(s):  
Sorina Anutoiu ◽  
Ion Dosa ◽  
Dan Codrut Petrilean
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Sustainable Production ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Environmental Goals

The main objective of actual energy policies around the world is the transition to renewable energy. EIA forecasts nearly 50% increase in world energy usage by 2050, which is hard to achieve using only renewable energy. For year 2019 the electricity production in EU relies mainly on conventional thermal (42.8 %) and nuclear energy sources (26.7%). The accelerated transition to electrical cars puts more pressure on energy producers. As a result, in order to match the ever-growing demand of electrical energy, the conventional thermal energy generation will play a key role, among them coal-based production. In order to meet the environmental goals and for sustainable production of electrical power, energy assessment of power production of coal-based power plants must be performed. The purpose of this paper is to perform an energy assessment of the electrical power production, focusing on a key component of this, the steam turbine. The performance characteristics of the turbine in condensing operation were determined. A proper efficiency of the turbine will have a significant impact on sustainable production of electricity.

scholarly journals Modeling of German Low Voltage Cables with Ground Return Path

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Geis-Schroer ◽  
Sebastian Hubschneider ◽  
Lukas Held ◽  
Frederik Gielnik ◽  
Michael Armbruster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
Laboratory Measurement ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Return Path

In this contribution, measurement data of phase, neutral, and ground currents from real low voltage (LV) feeders in Germany is presented and analyzed. The data obtained is used to review and evaluate common modeling approaches for LV systems. An alternative modeling approach for detailed cable and ground modeling, which allows for the consideration of typical German LV earthing conditions and asymmetrical cable design, is proposed. Further, analytical calculation methods for model parameters are described and compared to laboratory measurement results of real LV cables. The models are then evaluated in terms of parameter sensitivity and parameter relevance, focusing on the influence of conventionally performed simplifications, such as neglecting house junction cables, shunt admittances, or temperature dependencies. By comparing measurement data from a real LV feeder to simulation results, the proposed modeling approach is validated.

scholarly journals Inverse Infiltration Modeling of Dike Covers Made of Dredged Material Using PEST and AMALGAM

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Tim Jurisch ◽  
Stefan Cantré ◽  
Fokke Saathoff
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Dredged Materials ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Large Scale Field ◽  
Eigenvalue Ratio ◽  
Ill Posed ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Installation Technology

A variety of studies recently proved the applicability of different dried, fine-grained dredged materials as replacement material for erosion-resistant sea dike covers. In Rostock, Germany, a large-scale field experiment was conducted, in which different dredged materials were tested with regard to installation technology, stability, turf development, infiltration, and erosion resistance. The infiltration experiments to study the development of a seepage line in the dike body showed unexpected measurement results. Due to the high complexity of the problem, standard geo-hydraulic models proved to be unable to analyze these results. Therefore, different methods of inverse infiltration modeling were applied, such as the parameter estimation tool (PEST) and the AMALGAM algorithm. In the paper, the two approaches are compared and discussed. A sensitivity analysis proved the presumption of a non-linear model behavior for the infiltration problem and the Eigenvalue ratio indicates that the dike infiltration is an ill-posed problem. Although this complicates the inverse modeling (e.g., termination in local minima), parameter sets close to an optimum were found with both the PEST and the AMALGAM algorithms. Together with the field measurement data, this information supports the rating of the effective material properties of the applied dredged materials used as dike cover material.

scholarly journals HF Radars for Wave Energy Resource Assessment Offshore NW Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2070
Author(s):  
Ana Basañez ◽  
Vicente Pérez-Muñuzuri
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Wave Spectrum ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Resource Assessment ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Statistical Validation ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Energy Converters

Wave energy resource assessment is crucial for the development of the marine renewable industry. High-frequency radars (HF radars) have been demonstrated to be a useful wave measuring tool. Therefore, in this work, we evaluated the accuracy of two CODAR Seasonde HF radars for describing the wave energy resource of two offshore areas in the west Galician coast, Spain (Vilán and Silleiro capes). The resulting wave characterization was used to estimate the electricity production of two wave energy converters. Results were validated against wave data from two buoys and two numerical models (SIMAR, (Marine Simulation) and WaveWatch III). The statistical validation revealed that the radar of Silleiro cape significantly overestimates the wave power, mainly due to a large overestimation of the wave energy period. The effect of the radars’ data loss during low wave energy periods on the mean wave energy is partially compensated with the overestimation of wave height and energy period. The theoretical electrical energy production of the wave energy converters was also affected by these differences. Energy period estimation was found to be highly conditioned to the unimodal interpretation of the wave spectrum, and it is expected that new releases of the radar software will be able to characterize different sea states independently.

scholarly journals Marine current energy assessment and the hydrodynamic design of the hydrokinetic turbine for the Moroccan Mediterranean Coast

2021 ◽  
pp. 014459872098662
Author(s):  
Salma Hazim ◽  
Abdelouahab Salih ◽  
Mourad Taha Janan ◽  
Ahmed El Ouatouati ◽  
Abdellatif Ghennioui
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Blade Element Theory ◽  
Hydrokinetic Turbine ◽  
Marine Current ◽  
Current Resource ◽  
Suitable Area ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Current Energy

Generating electricity through renewable energies is growing increasingly to reduce the huge demand on electricity and the impact of fossil energies on the environment, the most common sources forms used are: the wind, the sun, the photovoltaic and the thermal, without forgetting hydropower by the bays of dams. Fortunately, 70% of our planet is covered by the seas and oceans, this area constitutes a huge potential for electricity production to be exploited. The scientific advances of recent years allow a better exploitation of these resources especially the marine current due to its reliability and predictability. The marine current energy is extracted using a hydrokinetic turbine (HKT) which transform the kinetic energy of water into an electrical energy. The exploitation of this resource needs in the first step the assessment of marine currents in the study area for implementing the HKT, and the second step is designing an adequate technology. The main goal of this study is the assessment of the marine current resource on the Moroccan Mediterranean coast to evaluate the suitable area to implement the HKT, and to determine the marine current speed intensities at different depths. As well as, to estimate an average potential existing in the site. Moreover, we will conduct a study based on the results of the assessment that was made to design a horizontal axis marine current turbine (HAMCT). Two hydrofoil profile were considered to design a HAMCT using the Blade Element Theory (BEM) and calculating their performances adapted to the site conditions Naca4415 and s8052. In addition, a comparison was made between this two HAMCT hydrofoil profile for deciding the best one for implementing in the studied area.

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