scholarly journals Development of green jobs in the res sector in the Visegrad Group countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 570-588
Author(s):  
Piotr Kułyk ◽  
Leszek Kaźmierczak-Piwko ◽  
Anna Gąsiorek-Kowalewicz ◽  
Patrycja Świstak
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Green Jobs ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Visegrad Group

Abstract The transformation process towards a low-emission, green economy implies an increase in the demand for new professions and competences. Quality changes of jobs under the influence of the idea of sustainable development are both an opportunity and a challenge for both countries and individual regions. Green jobs are created as a result of the development of eco-innovation, new environmentally friendly technologies. The development of green jobs is particularly noticeable in the renewable energy sector. The article presents the results of empirical research in the field of analyzing the number of green jobs in the renewable energy sector in the Visegrad Group. In order to identify and determine the nature and changes in the impact of individual factors on the development of green jobs, panel regression was used – a model with fixed effects. The dependent variable was the relative number of green jobs per million inhabitants in 2000-2016.

Kazakhstan: Assessment of Renewable Energy Support and a Green Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 631
Author(s):  
Sergey BESPALYY
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
The State ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The growth of renewable energy sources (RES) shows the desire of the government of Kazakhstan to meet challenges that affect the welfare and development of the state. National targets, government programs, policies influence renewable energy strategies. In the future, renewable energy technologies will act as sources of a green economy and sustainable economic growth. The state policy in the field of energy in Kazakhstan is aimed at improving the conditions for the development and support of renewable energy sources, amendments are being made to provide for the holding of auctions for new RES projects, which replaces the previously existing system of fixed tariffs. It is expected that the costs of traditional power plants for the purchase of renewable energy will skyrocket, provided that the goals in the field of renewable generation are achieved. This article provides an assessment of international experience in supporting renewable energy sources, as well as analyzes the current situation in the development of renewable energy in Kazakhstan and the impact on sustainable development and popularization of the «green» economy. The study shows that by supporting the development of renewable energy sources, economic growth is possible, which is achieved in an environmentally sustainable way.

scholarly journals THE PARADIGM OF ECONOMIC ENERGY SECURITY BY ORIENTATION ON RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

2020 ◽  
pp. 114-125
Author(s):  
Tetyana DERKACH ◽  
Denys CHEBANENKO
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The topic of renewable energy today is one of the most relevant and requires consideration from the point of view of all components of this process, namely economic, financial, environmental, technological, and others. The transition to renewable energy is already irreversible today since natural resources are depleted, fuel prices are the subject to significant fluctuations, and the stable growth of the national economy is ensured by energy security. The purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the volume of global energy consumption, to analyze the impact of the introduction of renewable energy sources on the development of the national economy, to ensure energy security with the depletion of hydrocarbon resources and a slight diversification of their suppliers. Results. Today the Ukrainian economy is the most energy-intensive. Unstable energy prices are a threat both to the global economy and to each country separately. Therefore, in the event of a decrease in the supply of traditional energy resources, the importing countries experience the greatest difficulties. The existing tendency in Ukraine to increase the consumption of traditional energy sources, combined with the absence of a targeted policy aimed at reducing the volume of environmental pollution, will lead to an increase in negative economic consequences. The advantage of renewable energy sources is their equal distribution throughout the country (with the exception of water resources). This feature leads to the formation of one of the main characteristics of power systems based on renewable energy sources, namely, their decentralization. It should be borne in mind that the world energy market is made up of state and non-state participants. Non-state participants are showing an upward trend. However, the state should have the greatest influence on the national energy sector. Renewable energy is an area that, in the Ukrainian context, depends on state support, namely economic and administrative incentives. The dynamics of the development of renewable energy should be combined with the balanced development of the fuel and energy sector in Ukraine. Conclusions. The process of development and transition to renewable energy needs a systematic approach. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches are needed to assess the transition to renewable energy. An effective strategy for the transition to the introduction of renewable energy technologies should be justified by economic feasibility. The transition from traditional energy to renewable sources should lead to energy security, which contributes to stable economic growth, political independence, and improving the quality of the environmental component.

scholarly journals The Impact of Purchasing Group on the Profitability of Companies Operating in the Renewable Energy Sector—The Case of Poland

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6588
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Zimon ◽  
Dominik Zimon
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Financial Liquidity ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Purchasing Group ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Period ◽  
Positive Effect

Purchasing groups are multi-entity organisations that operate in practically every sector. Their greatest role is to improve the financial situation of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). In the case of enterprises operating in the sectors that are just developing, especially those belonging to SMEs, it is particularly difficult to obtain favourable financial results. In Poland, such sectors include, among others, renewable energy, which is slowly developing, but has not yet reached the size set in climate policy. The purpose of the paper is to present how functioning under group purchasing organisations (GPOs) affects the profitability of companies related to the renewable energy sector. For the example of the largest industry purchasing groups, the analysis showed that high profitability results were achieved by enterprises operating in them compared to entities operating independently in the market. In total, 71 enterprises operating in the sector related to the renewable energy sector in Poland were analysed. The enterprises were divided into units operating in the purchasing groups of 46 enterprises, and those that operate independently in the market of 25 enterprises. The research period covered the years 2016–2019. The analysis showed that the scale effect allowed companies to increase profits and had a positive effect on their financial liquidity. The research proved that in the case of commercial enterprises operating in the sector related to renewable energy, functioning within the industry purchasing group allowed high profitability and financial liquidity. There is a dependency that the liquidity increases with a growth in profitability.

scholarly journals Local content requirements and the impact on the South African renewable energy sector: A survey-based analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Ettmayr ◽  
Hendrik Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
South African ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Local Content ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Method Approach ◽  
Procurement Programme

Background: Economies aim to grow over time, which usually implies the need for increased energy availability. Governments can use their procurement of energy to increase benefits in their economies via certain policy tools. One such tool is local content requirements (LCRs), where the purchase of goods prescribes that a certain value has to be sourced locally. The argument for this tool is that spending is localised and manufacturing, as well as job creation, can be stimulated because industry will need to establish in the host economy. However, this practice is distortionary in effect and does not create a fair playing ground for global trade. Furthermore, if the local content definition is weak, or open to manipulation, the goals of such a policy may not be achieved at all.Aim: The objective of this study was to determine how LCRs would ultimately impact on the overall procurement programme.Setting: This study took place as South Africa commenced with large scale development of the renewable energy sector. This was largely achieved via the State run Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme (REIPPPP).Method: This study utilised opinion-based surveys to look into the LCRs of South Africa’s REIPPPP and measure the impact of this policy on the renewable energy sector in general. The mixed method approach was utilised to analyse qualitative and quantitative data and this was then triangulated with an international peer group to arrive at certain conclusions. The Delphi Technique was then employed to achieve population consensus on the findings.Results and conclusion: It was found that, in order to implement a policy such as local content without any negative welfare effects, the host economy had to show certain pre-existing conditions. Because South Africa does not hold all supportive pre-conditions, the impact and effect of LCRs have not been optimal, and it has not been found to be a sustainable mechanism to continue using indefinitely. The pricing of renewable energy was also found to be higher due to local content and such pricing is passed on to the energy consumer. The welfare created for South Africa, which should be in a trade-off for the creation of jobs and manufacturing, is therefore diminished and coupled with unsustainability and potential manipulation of the system, the country does not seem to be benefitting as it should be from this specific application of a local content policy.

scholarly journals Measuring and Analyzing Green Economy on Sustainable Development in Iraq

Webology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1295-1314
Author(s):  
Nadia Mahdi Abdelkader ◽  
Mohammed Noori Farhan ◽  
Balqees Kahlan Khaled
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Green Jobs ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Broad Concept ◽  
Psychological Pressure ◽  
The Impact

The climatic conditions, global environmental crises and disasters and the exacerbation of the pollution problem have prompted global economic and financial organizations such as the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development to reconsider traditional economic models, Which resulted from it the emergence of the concept of green economy. Which made the economy more efficient by increasing the productivity of used resources and directing investments towards sustainable management of natural resources to increase their economic and environmental productivity and their ability to create green jobs and support the poor to the maximum extent possible. Because of the modernity of this economy, developing countries requested not to impose a single model that includes developed and developing economies at the United Nations Conference (Rio + 20) held in the Brazilian capital, Rio de Janeiro in 2012, and the necessity to create a broad concept for a green economy that is flexible and takes into account the disparity in levels of economic development and transformation policies Towards a green economy. Many scientific studies have proven that the development of the relationship between man and the environment was characterized by an increase and an imbalance between environmental degradation and human progress. The earth, with all its surrounding organisms, is the natural home of man who gets it, and many studies and research revealed that the environments in which a person lives can be It causes an increase or decrease in stress on his body, as the uncomfortable environment causes feelings of anxiety or sadness in contrast to a comfortable environment, and a person finds pleasure in nature regardless of his age or culture, and more than two-thirds of people choose to be in a natural environment to get rid of psychological pressure and cure many diseases Psychological and physical. The research aims to activate the role of the green economy in achieving sustainable development and focus on the health aspect. To achieve the aim of the study, the descriptive and analytical approach was used to study the reality of the trend towards a green economy in Iraq and its role in achieving development. A quantitative approach is used to analyze and interpret the impact of the green economy on sustainable development. And through the benchmarks, it was found that there is a relationship between the sustainable development indicators and the green economy index.

scholarly journals Impact of the Renewable Energy Development in Lithuania‘s Energy Economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Rita Bužinskienė
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Energy Economy ◽  
The Impact

Paper is characterized by scientific novelty as it involves a very scarce research problem in Lithuanian‘s energy sector, assessing the impact of renewable energy resources on the energy economy. Renewable energy sources have a multiplier effect in spurring the economy and the development of not only the energy sector but also all the supporting activities related to such industry. The impact of the development of renewable energy is one of the factors that develop the quality of technology innovation development. This study includes the impact of renewable energy on the energy economy, using multiple linear regression models. The results of the study have shown that renewable energy resources: wind, sun, water, geothermal and biomass can not always be used together because they compete with each other and therefore reduce the efficiency of the energy economy. In this context, three combinations of renewable energy resources have been developed, which have been adapted to assess the impact of the energy economy on energy productivity and energy intensity. It has been found that the combination of resources of the second model (M2) RE is significant for the efficiency of the energy economy.Keywords: Renewable energy resources; Energy economy; Impact of efficiency

scholarly journals The impact of transaction costs on the transformation of the natural gas market of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-77
Author(s):  
Roman Yukhymets
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Natural Gas Market ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
The Impact

The desire to integrate into the European development model stipulated that Ukraine voluntarily assumed international commitments about transformation of the institutional environment according to the European model. The level of political awareness of the content of the necessary changes and how to achieve a systemic balance of reforming different sectors was often declarative in the absence of any sound estimates, including the implications for different economic actors. However, the need to reform the energy sector was determined not only by international obligations, but also by the presence of domestic problems, which over time without the application of systemic changes would become barriers to the entire further economic development of Ukraine. The main content of the implementation of European directives in the energy sector was just intended to systematically transform market relations by changing the rules of market functioning, which was supposed to solve the main crisis problems in various areas of the energy sector. The recent model of Ukrainian natural gas market was featured by all the shortcomings of the pre-reformed state of European markets: the tariff system did not promote rational consumer behavior, which exacerbated the pressure on the state budget; the delivery rules did not guarantee the proper quality of service; the absence of investment in the gas transportation sector made it impossible to expand fixed assets; the established transport and distribution rules became a barrier to free access to third-party networks and the development of competition in the supply segment. The actual implementation of the Second and Third Energy Package standards in the functioning of the national market of the natural year began in 2015, with the adoption of the Law on the Natural Gas Market. Today, an urgent task remains to estimate the process of reforming the natural gas market and to efficiently solve those crisis phenomena that caused the distortion of the institutional environment of the natural gas market. Since the accumulated problems of the previous model of the natural gas market were due to the inefficiency of the institutions, the article attempted to evaluate the effectiveness of the gas sector transformation process and analyze the impact of changes in certain market segments from the perspective of neoinstitutional theory and study the level of transaction costs.

scholarly journals Análisis de las emisiones asociadas al sector energético en España

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Ángeles Cámara Sánchez ◽  
Mónica Flores García ◽  
Patricia D. Fuentes Saguar
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Social Accounting Matrix ◽  
Spanish Economy ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Multisector Model

The greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere are an economic and environmental problem. In this work we make a detailed study of the emissions from the branches of the Spanish energy sector. To this end, we have developed for the Spanish economy a Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) with Environmental Accounts, considering the six greenhouse gases that the Kyoto Protocol states. In this SAM, the energy sector appears disaggregated in eight sectors, including renewable branches, in order to distinguish the emissions of each type of energy. The analysis is performed using a linear multisector model applied to the SAM, which allows us to obtain the emissions, both direct and indirect, caused by each branch of the Spanish energy sector. Finally, we evaluate the impact in emissions caused by a shift in the household energy consumption towards renewable energy.

Heterogeneous impact of CO2 emissions on renewable energy technology innovation between oil importers and exporters

2020 ◽  
pp. 0958305X2092893
Author(s):  
Bai Liu ◽  
Yutian Liu ◽  
Ailian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression Model ◽  
Energy Technology ◽  
Renewable Energy Technology ◽  
The Impact

With the depletion of fossil energy and the rise of global temperature, it is urgent to use renewable energy to solve environmental problems. By studying the heterogeneous relationship between CO2 emissions and renewable energy technology innovation in different countries, we can find out the gap and something helpful to energy development. In the empirical test, we use the negative binomial regression model with fixed effects to study the impact of CO2 emissions on renewable energy technology innovation from 1997 to 2016. The research shows that impact is positive in oil-importing countries, but this relationship is not established in oil-exporting countries. In both oil importers and oil exporters, CO2 emissions have a positive effect on the solar energy technological innovation, however, the influence on the technology innovation of solar energy in oil exporters is more significant than that of renewable energy. Whether for oil importers or oil exporters, it can be more reasonable and effective to develop renewable energy by clarifying the impact of CO2 emissions on domestic renewable energy technology innovation.

scholarly journals The Impact of European Environmental Policies on Energy Prices. Possible Solutions in the Black Sea Region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioan-Cătălin Murărașu
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Spot Price ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The Impact

Even if in Europe the costs of the transition to a green economy are reflected in the final consumer’s bills and in the prices of finished products - an effect already felt in the Community - the necessity to clean up the economy cannot be disputed. However, Europeans need to determine if the priority is to give up conventional energy or to develop the green energy production, because it is becoming increasingly clear that the two objectives cannot be achieved simultaneously without affecting the purchasing power of Europeans. Within this context, the study involves: a) the statistical analysis of the impact of the conventional energy overtaxation and the renewable energy subsidization on the average price charged by suppliers for final consumers on the Romanian market in the first three quarters of 2021 and b) to identify the correlation coefficient between the spot price for energy on the Romanian market and the share of renewable energy in the national mix for the same period. The objective of the research is to assess the costs paid by the final consumers within the context of the energy transition and the production capacity of renewable sources that must be added to the National Energy System for their amortization. The results show the importance of the Black Sea basin in the regional energy equation and its potential to become a point of attraction for European energy investments.

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