scholarly journals Population dynamics and habitat preference of two urbanized Columbidae species and their nest predator in two settlement types

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-157
Author(s):  
Sámuel Zsolt Varga ◽  
Lajos Juhász
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
High Preference ◽  
Corvus Cornix ◽  
Primary Nest ◽  
Worldwide Phenomenon ◽  
Nest Predator ◽  
Research Period

AbstractSince urbanization is a worldwide phenomenon, numerous species have gained the advantage of urban ecosystems. The Eurasian Collared Doves (Streptopelia decaocto) has become widespread all across Europe along with human-altered habitats. In general, population levels are stable but numbers have locally decreased in the past few decades. In parallel, a new wave of urbanization came forward, so Wood Pigeons (Columba palumbus) entered urban ecosystems alongside with other Columbidae species. In this paper, our primary goal was to find any connection between habitat availability factors such as coniferous tree density and the population dynamics of two urbanized species. A locally emerging corvid species, the Hooded Crow (Corvus cornix) was also taken into consideration in influencing tree-nesting doves and pigeons as a primary nest predator. During the research period, we aimed to express the differences in habitat structure of two urban ecotypes by nesting tree availability and structure and to prove the power of predator presence in sampling sites. Our results showed that residential areas have a higher proportion of coniferous trees, as well as the high preference of residential areas by Wood Pigeons and Eurasian Collared Doves.

scholarly journals Comparison of population densities of selected bird species breeding in main urban habitats in southwestern Poland

Biologija ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Kopij
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Pica Pica ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Urban Habitats ◽  
Corvus Cornix ◽  
Reverse Situation

A simplified version of the territory mapping method was used. Four counts were conducted in a fragment of the city of Wrocław in the spring and early summer 2010. Two main urban habitats were distinguished: a densely built-up area with block buildings and a residential area with flat houses. In total, 44 bird species were recorded as breeding in the whole study area. Five species nested in a density higher than 10 pairs per 100 ha each: Columba palumbus, Pica pica, Streptopelia decaocto, Sylvia atricapilla, and Turdus merula. Whereas in the densely built-up areas Columba palumbus and Streptopelia decaocto were equally common, in the residential area Streptopelia decaocto was almost three times more common than Columba palumbus. Pica pica was about three times more common than Corvus cornix both in the builtup areas and in the residential areas. Although densely built-up areas and residential areas have a similar species composition, many species breed in different densities. This is probably due to a different structure of vegetation. While tall trees are relatively common and shrubs rare in the densely built-up areas, the reverse situation prevails in residential areas.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KERAPATAN PENDUDUK DENGAN KEANEKARAGAMAN TANAMAN BUAH PEKARANGAN DI KECAMATAN GODEAN, KABUPATEN SLEMAN, YOGYAKARTA (Relationship between Population Density and Diversity of Yard Fruit Plants in Godean Sub-District, Sleman District, Yogyakarta)

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Fransisca Kiki Fajarwati ◽  
Suwarno Hadisusanto ◽  
Hartono Hartono
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Community Adaptation ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Fruit Plants ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Productive Landscapes ◽  
Research Period

AbstrakTanaman buah sangat besar manfaatnya bagi manusia dan lingkungan hidup antara lain berperan untuk menjaga kawasan hijau di kawasan hunian, namun keberadaannya di pekarangan saat ini teracam karena meningkatnya alih fungsi lahan dari pekarangan menjadi lahan terbangun untuk tempat tinggal seiring dengan pertambahan jumlah manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis persebaran kerapatan penduduk, keanekaragaman tanaman buah, hubungan kerapatan penduduk dengan keanekaragaman tanaman buah, adaptasi masyarakat dalam melestarikan tanaman buah dan pekarangan dan menyusun usulan pelestarian tanaman buah dan pekarangan di Kecamatan Godean, Kabupaten Sleman. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi dan memanfaatkan data sekunder dengan periode waktu penelitian selama sepuluh bulan. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah kerapatan penduduk di Kecamatan Godean semakin ke bagian timur (mendekati Kota Yogyakarta) memiliki angka semakin tinggi. Semakin rapat penduduk maka semakin rendah indeks keanekaragaman dan kemerataan, semakin tinggi indeks dominansi, semakin sedikit jumlah jenis tanaman buah yang ditemukan, dan semakin sedikit kawasan hijau di kawasan hunian. Lokasi dengan kerapatan penduduk semakin tinggi terjadi adaptasi pelestarian tanaman buah dan pekarangan yang mendukung konsep lanskap produktif. Usulan pelestarian tanaman buah dan pekarangan disusun dengan mempertahankan usaha pemerintah dan warga yang dirasa efektif, memperbaiki atau menghilangkan yang kurang efektif dan menyusun usulan baru dengan harapan agar tetap dapat menjaga lingkungan hidup dengan menjaga kawasan hijau di kawasan hunian berdasarkan permasalahan yang ditemukan di lapangan.AbstractFruit plants are very beneficial for human and environment, including their role is protecting green areas in residential areas, but their presence in the yard today is threatened because the increasing conversion of land functions from yard to building for shelter along with the increase in the number of people. The purpose of this study is to analyze the distribution of population density, the relationship between population density and diversity of fruit plants, community adaptation to conserve fruit plants and yard, and to give the recommendation for fruit plants and yard conservation in Godean Sub-District, Sleman District. The methods used are observation and utilizing secondary data with a research period of ten months. The study found that the population density in eastern part of Godean District (approaching the City of Yogyakarta) had higher numbers. The higher population density is, the lower diversity and evenness index, the higher the dominance index, the fewer the number of fruit plants found, and the less green areas in residential areas. Locations with higher population densities are adapted to conserve the fruit plants and yard. These findings support the concept of productive landscapes. Recommendation for fruit plants and yard conservation was compiled by maintaining goverment and citizen efforts that are felt to be effective, repairing or eliminating ones that are less effective and making new recommendation with the hope that it can protect the environment by protecting green areas in residential areas based on problems found in the field.

Avian Ectoparasitism in Makurdi, Nigeria: Do Wild Birds Serve as Reservior for Domestic Birds?

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
S M Adelusi ◽  
C G Vajime ◽  
E A Omudu ◽  
R O Okpotu ◽  
F O Onazi
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Zoological Garden ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Domestic Birds ◽  
North Bank ◽  
Avian Populations

This study highlights the possible exchange of parasites between domestic and wild birds. Ectoparasites were collected from domestic birds in three residential areas (Wurukum, North Bank and Logo II) and from wild birds in the zoological garden and Mu forest from August – November 2013. A total of 500 domestic birds (chicken, ducks, turkeys, and pigeons) were randomly sampled from thirty (30) households while a total of 127 wild birds were sampled from the Zoological Garden and Mu Forest. The dust-ruffling method was used to pick ectoparasites from birds. A total of 394 (78.8%) of the 500 domestic birds were infested with 689 ectoparasites. Lice had the highest prevalence of 84.6%, while ticks, mites, and fleas had a prevalence of 3.3%, 7.7%, and 4.4 % respectively. For the wild birds, a total of 80 (63.0%) out of the 127 birds were infested with 674 ectoparasites. Lice also had the highest prevalence of 66.0%, while ticks, mites, and fleas had a prevalence of 4.2%, 13.1%, and 16.8% respectively. Out of the 17 ectoparasite species encountered, six (6) were found in both wild birds and domestic birds. Predominant species of ectoparasites infesting both domestic and wild birds are lice (Lipeurus caponis), mites (Dermanyssus gallinea) fleas (Echidnophaga species) and ticks (Argas persicus). Integration between ecology and veterinary medicine will allow a better understanding of population dynamics of ticks and other ectoparasites as they constantly co-infest avian populations. As long as the role of wild birds acting as reservoirs for the infestation of domestic birds is underestimated, efforts at preventing and controlling ectoparasites of domestic birds and poultry diseases may be a futile venture.

scholarly journals Patterns and Drivers of Inner City Social Differentiation in Prague and Tallinn

Geografie ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneli Kährik ◽  
Jakub Novák ◽  
Jana Temelová ◽  
Kati Kadarik ◽  
Tiit Tammaru
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
High Preference

During the socialist era, inner residential areas of Eastern European cities were left to decay both physically and socially, and became mostly occupied by elderly inhabitants. Drawing on 2007–2011 EU-SILC data, we have analysed processes of socio-spatial differentiation in the inner cities of Prague and Tallinn during the post-socialist era, and indicate the household-level drivers of such differentiation. We found a high preference for inner city living among young people and childless households, but also the persisting patterns of elderly population in some inner city sub-areas. A weak correlation between household socio-economic status and place of residence in the inner city, however, suggests that inner cities continued to be socially mixed in the late 2000s, although differences existed in this regard between sub-areas and between the two studied cities. To a large extent, such differentiation relates to the roots found within socialist and pre-socialist legacies, but it also contains new post-socialist features, such as those created by different social and housing policies applied during the post-socialist reforms.

scholarly journals Types of population dynamics of the settlements in Belgrade region

2014 ◽  
pp. 443-453
Author(s):  
Zora Zivanovic ◽  
Mirjana Devedzic ◽  
Gordana Vojkovic
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Permanent Residence ◽  
Settlement Structure ◽  
Spatial Redistribution ◽  
Long Time ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
And Migration ◽  
S Model

The aim of this paper was to present the main features of spatial redistribution of the population in the Belgrade region in the period from 1971 to 2011, by following the ratio between natural and migration components of population change in residential areas. The analysis was conducted using the modified Clarke?s model. According to the 2011 Census, the Belgrade region is inhabited by 1,659,440 residents living in 157 settlements. As the most developed part of Serbia, for a long time Belgrade has been the destination of the majority of those who changed their place of permanent residence within national boundaries. During the observed forty-year period, the immigration significance of certain settlements in Belgrade region changed in accordance with the socio-economic and demographic circumstances. This paper explores how the type of the population dynamics of settlements transformed, the most important changes and new problems that have arisen concerning the settlement structure in the Belgrade region.

scholarly journals Microbial Load as Ecotoxicological Assessment of Heavy Metals Presence in Soil Samples from the Kazakhstan Part of the Caspian Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
N.Sh. Akimbekov ◽  
A.K. Yernazarova ◽  
K.T. Tastambek ◽  
G.Zh. Abdieva ◽  
P.S. Ualieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Toxicity ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Toxicological Assessment

Soil as a natural resource and a powerful regulator of matter flow, plays crucial role in providing habitat for proper structuring and functioning soil microbial communities. Under the influence of unregulated industrial activities with social-economic co-development, soil and water involved a whole range of changes leading to soil erosion-degradation and pollution of aquatic ecosystems. One of the most promising techniques for determining the total effect of exposure to heavy metals on environmental media is bio-indication (bio-testing), which is based on rapid, robust and cost-effective methods. Acquaintance, with the microbial background of soil is essential to assess the degree of soil pollution with heavy metals. In this study, an eco-toxicological assessment using microbial community characteristics on heavy metals in soil samples from the urban ecosystems of the Kazakhstan part of the Caspian Sea (Atyrau and Mangystau regions) has been discussed. According to the results of the soil toxicity, it has been established that the soil of these residential areas are exposed to increased levels of heavy metals, such as Cr, Co, Ni, Pb, etc. Comparative analysis of bio-indicative systems and chemical techniques for assessing the quality of soils indicated a remarkable similarity of the results and the priority (high speed, cheapness) of the microbiological load assessment of the soil quality.

scholarly journals Urban Biophysical Quality Modelling Based On Remote Sensing Data In Semarang, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Iswari Nur Hidayati ◽  
Karunia Pasya Kusumawardani ◽  
A. G. Ayudyanti ◽  
R. R. Prabaswara
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Housing Complex

Cities are centres of economic growth with fascinating dynamics, including persistent urbanisation that encroaches adjacent arable lands to build urban physical features and sustain services offered by urban ecosystems. Even though industrial revolution, economic dynamics, and environmental changes affect spatial feasibility for housing, complex urban growth is always followed by the development of environmentally friendly cities. However, with such quality having multiple facets, it is necessary to assess and map liveable areas from a more comprehensive and objective perspective. This study aimed to assess, map and identify the biophysical quality of an urban environment using a straightforward technique that allows rapid assessment for early detection of changes in the quality. It proposed a multi-index approach termed the urban biophysical environmental quality (UBEQ) based on spectral characteristic of remote sensing data for residential areas calculated using various data derived from remote sensing. Statistical analyses were performed to test data reliability and normality. Further, many indices were analysed, then employed as indicators in UBEQ modelling and tested with sensitivity and factor analysis to obtain the best remote sensing index in the study area. Based on PCA Results, it was found that the built-up land index and vegetation index mainly contributed to the UBEQ index. The generated model had 86.5% accuracy. Also, the study area, Semarang City, had varying UBEQ index values, from high to low levels.

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