scholarly journals Prevalence of KIR2DL2/DS2 and KIR2DL3 and Presence of B19V in Patients with Thyroid Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Sabīne Grāvelsiņa ◽  
Elisabetta Caselli ◽  
Zaiga Nora-Krūkle ◽  
Simons Svirskis ◽  
Anda Vilmane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Killer Cell ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Variable Regions ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Human Natural Killer Cells

AbstractThe functions of human natural killer cells are controlled by diverse families of antigen receptors. Prominent among these are the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), controlled by a family of genes clustered in one of the most variable regions of the human genome — on chromosome 19q13.4. This study aimed to investigate the possible interplay between KIR allotype, B19 infection, and thyroid disorders. Thyroid gland tissue of 30 patients with autoimmune thyroid gland diseases (AITD), 30 patients with non-autoimmune thyroid gland diseases (non-AITD) and 30 deceased subjects whose histories did not show any of autoimmune or thyroid diseases (control group) were enrolled in the study. The presence of B19V, KIR2DL2/DS2, and KIR2DL3 was detected using PCRs (nPCR, PCR). The results showed that 28% of samples of thyroid tissue from patients with AITD and 67% with non-AITD were positive for the presence of B19V, in contrast only 5% control tissue samples harbored B19V DNA. B19V-positive AITD patients had higher frequency of KIR2DL2/DS2 homozygosity and lower frequency of homozygous KIR2DL3 genotype compared to B19V negative cases (33% vs 21% and 17% vs 46%, respectively). Although our data showed that B19V positive patients with AITD had a higher frequency of homozygosity for KIR2DL2/DS2, further studies with larger groups of patients are necessary to confirm the relationship between KIR, B19V and susceptibility to thyroid disease.

scholarly journals Presence of B19V in Patients with Thyroid Gland Disorders

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 774
Author(s):  
Sabine Gravelsina ◽  
Zaiga Nora-Krukle ◽  
Simons Svirskis ◽  
Egils Cunskis ◽  
Modra Murovska
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Gland Tissue ◽  
Thyroid Gland Tissue

Background and Objectives: Viral infections are frequently cited as a major environmental factor implicated in thyroid gland diseases. This work aimed to estimate the presence of B19V infection in patients with thyroid gland disorders. Materials and Methods: Thyroid gland tissue and blood samples of 50 patients with autoimmune thyroid gland diseases (AITDs), 76 patients with non-autoimmune thyroid gland diseases (non-AITDs), and 35 deceased subjects whose histories did not show any autoimmune or thyroid diseases (control group) were enrolled in the study. Virus-specific IgM and IgG were detected using ELISA, and the presence and viral load of B19V in the tissue and blood were detected using PCRs. Results: B19V IgG antibodies were detected in 35/50 AITDs patients and in 51/76 non-AITDs patients, and B19V IgM antibodies were detected in 1/50 patients with AITDs and in none of the 76 patients with non-AITDs. The B19V NS sequence was found in the tissue DNA of 10/50 patients with AITDs, in 30/76 with non-AITDs, and in 1/35 control group individuals. The median B19V load in the tissue of patients with AITDs and non-AITDs was 423.00 copies/µg DNA (IQR: 22.50–756.8) and 43.00 copies/µg DNA (IQR: 11.50–826.5), respectively. The viral load in one of the 35 nPCR B19V-positive thyroid tissue samples from the deceased subjects was 13.82 copies/µg DNA. The viral load in the tissue of patients with AITDs was higher than in whole blood, which possibly indicates B19V persistency in thyrocytes (p = 0.0076). Conclusion: The fact that the genoprevalence of B19V NS was significantly higher in patients with non-AITDs compared to the control group and in the thyroid gland tissue of patients with AITDs, and that the non-AITDs viral load was higher than in tissue derived from the control group individuals, suggest the possibility that B19V infection could be involved in the development of thyroid gland diseases.

scholarly journals HHV-6 Infection and Chemokine RANTES Signaling Pathway Disturbance in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Sultanova ◽  
Maksims Cistjakovs ◽  
Liba Sokolovska ◽  
Katerina Todorova ◽  
Egils Cunskis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Visual Confirmation

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) in autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) development. We examined the possible involvement of HHV-6 gene expression encoding immunomodulating proteins U12 and U51 in AIT development and their role in the modulation of chemokine signaling. One hundred patients with autoimmune thyroiditis following thyroidectomy were enrolled in this study. Nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) was used to detect the HHV-6 sequence in DNA samples. Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) with three different HHV-6 gene targets (U79/80, U51 and U12) was to detect active infection markers. HHV-6 load was identified using a commercial real-time PCR kit. Immunohistochemistry was performed to investigate the expression of the HHV-6 antigen and RANTES (Regulated upon Activation, Normal T Cell Expressed and Secreted) in thyroid gland tissue. Different commercial immunosorbent assay kits were used for the detection of RANTES, IFNγ, IL-6, and TNFα levels in the AIT patient group and controls. We detected 98% presence of the HHV-6 genomic sequence in AIT patients’ thyroid gland tissues. Markers of active HHV-6 infection (HHV-6 U79/80, U12 and/or U51 mRNA) were predominant in AIT patients’ thyroid tissue samples in comparison with the control group (56% vs. 6%). Evidence from immunofluorescence microscopy showed that HHV-6 can persist in thyrocytes and can interact with RANTES. Visual confirmation of the intense immunofluorescence signal of RANTES detected in thyroid tissues could indicate high expression of this chemokine in the thyroid gland. On the other hand, immunosorbent assays showed very low RANTES levels in AIT patients’ peripheral plasma. These results indicate that RANTES level in AIT patients could be influenced by HHV-6 activation, which in turn may aid AIT development.

scholarly journals Thyroid Disorders and COVID-19

Doctor Ru ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
N.A. Petunina ◽  
◽  
Ya.A. Al Taravi ◽  
A.Yu. Surkova ◽  
N.S. Martirosyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Direct Invasion ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Available Information ◽  
The Impact

Objective of the Review: To present the available information on the SARS-CoV-2 impact on thyroid gland (TG), impact from a thyroid pathology over COVID-19 morbidity and course, and management of patients with various thyroid pathologies and the novel coronavirus infection. Key Points. SARS-CoV-2 virus demonstrates exponential spread all over the globe and has caused a global pandemic of COVID-19 infection. Currently, the mechanism of non-pulmonary complications of SARS-CoV-2 and endocrine involvement is yet not clear. The impact from SARS-CoV-2 on TG can be a result of direct invasion of target cells by the virus or activation of immunise and inflammatory response.Changes in the pituitary-hypothalamic thyroid system can be caused by developing euthyroid pathology syndrome, glucocorticosteroid therapy, destructive thyroiditis. Manifestation of autoimmune thyroid disorders associated with COVID-19 cannot be ruled out. Conclusion. Currently there is no information on direct thyroid invasion by SARS-CoV-2; however the available results from trials and clinical observations demonstrate possible impact from coronavirus infections, in particular from SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, on the pituitaryhypothalamic-thyroid system with development of various pathologies or a number of changes in thyroid hormone levels. Taking into account possible associations between thyroid dysfunction and prolonged hospitalisation, risk of deaths in hospital, and the association between thyrotoxicosis and atrial fibrillation and hypercoagulation, it is advisable to screen patients with severe COVID-19. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, thyroid gland, nonsuppurative granulematous thyroiditis.

scholarly journals Primary thyroid disorders in endogenous Cushing's syndrome

2002 ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Niepomniszcze ◽  
F Pitoia ◽  
SB Katz ◽  
R Chervin ◽  
OD Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Dynamic Testing ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Antibodies ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Free Cortisol

OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of primary thyroid disorders in patients who underwent endogenous hypercortisolism. DESIGN: Retrospective evaluation of 59 patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) who had, at least, a record of thyroid palpation by expert endocrinologists and basal measurements of TSH by second generation assays. When available, tri-iodothyronine and thyroxine serum levels, TRH-TSH tests and anti-thyroid antibodies were also analyzed. There were two age- and gender-matched control groups. The 'goiter control group' comprised 118 healthy subjects who underwent thyroid palpation. The 'antibody control group' was composed of 40 individuals who attended the blood bank of our hospital. Antibodies against thyroperoxidase and measurements of TSH were analyzed in their blood samples. METHODS: Available files of 83 CS patients admitted to our endocrine unit from 1985 to 1998 were examined. Fifty-nine patients (52 women and 7 men) with a mean age of 36.2 years (range 14-61 years) met the above requirements. Diagnosis of hypercortisolism had been established by a standard 1-mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test and urinary free cortisol (UFC). Etiological diagnosis involved dynamic testing, measurements of ACTH levels and imaging techniques. After treatment, all but one of the patients were cured or controlled of their hypercortisolism. This was established by the finding of subnormal serum cortisol concentrations and/or subnormal 24-h UFC levels. Primary thyroid disorders were defined by the presence of one or more of the following diagnostic criteria: (i) goiter, (ii) positive anti-thyroid antibodies and/or (iii) primary thyroid function abnormalities. RESULTS: Eighteen (30.5%) patients had goiter (diffuse in 78% and nodular in 22%), 14 (23.7%) had primary subclinical hypothyroidism and 5 (8.4%) had hyperthyroidism. In 41 patients evaluated for antithyroid antibodies, it was found that 23 (56.1%) had positive titers. In a group of patients in which thyroid autoantibodies were measured both before and after resolution of hypercortisolism, prevalences of positive titers were 26.7% and 86.7% respectively (P=0.001). The overall frequency of primary thyroid abnormalities in our patients with Cushing's syndrome was 55.9%. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with endogenous Cushing's syndrome exhibit a remarkably high prevalence of primary thyroid disease. Resolution of hypercortisolism seems to trigger the development of autoimmune thyroid disorders in presumably predisposed subjects.

Influence of a method of treatment autoimmune thyroid gland pathologies on reproductive function of women

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-78
Author(s):  
D.J. Beraja ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reproductive Outcomes ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Contraception Control ◽  
Methods Of Treatment ◽  
Selection Of

The objective: to study influence of various methods of treatment of autoimmune diseases on genesial function of women. Materials and methods. Was made the analysis of various methods of treatment illness of Greyvsa at 103 women. Besides, the screening assessment of pathology thyroid gland was carried out made at 298 women with sterility (the main group) and at 50 women who have addressed in clinic for selection of a method of contraception (control group). Selection of patients was carried out by the opened method in process of the address of patients with sterility in unit of conservation and restoration of reproductive function. Questioning is carried out at 205 women with sterility. Examination of patients with sterility was conducted according to the standard diagnostic algorithm, including endoscopic methods, and treatment – depending on the established reasons of sterility. Results. The analysis of dependence of reproductive outcomes from the used method of treatment аутоиммунной thyroid gland pathologies has shown that optimum reproductive outcomes are noted after therapy carrying out by radioactive iodine and thyroidectomy, and the least favorable – after thyroidstatical therapies. The data obtained by us testifies to the raised prevalence autoimmune pathologies of thyroid gland at patients with barreness in comparison with fertilytical women with the established risk 2.1 (р <0.001), and also about the expressed communication between autoimmune thyroided and endometriosis as the reason of barreness and close association endocrinological barrenesses and hypothyreosise. High frequency of occurrence euthyreosis craw at women with barreness testifies to necessity of carrying out of individual iodic preventive maintenance to all women with barreness. Conclusion. The received results are necessary for considering by working out of algorithm of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions. Key words: autoimmune thyroid gland pathology, treatment methods, reproductive function.

scholarly journals Tie-2 Is Overexpressed by Monocytes in Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders and Participates in Their Recruitment to the Thyroid Gland

2009 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 2626-2633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicté Figueroa-Vega ◽  
Manuel Alfonso-Pérez ◽  
Carlos Cuesta-Mateos ◽  
Francisco Sánchez-Madrid ◽  
Ricardo Moreno-Otero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid

scholarly journals Analysis of expression of different histone deacetylases in autoimmune thyroid disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Sacristán ◽  
Ana Serrano-Somavilla ◽  
Roberto González-Amaro ◽  
Rebeca Martínez-Hernández ◽  
Mónica Marazuela
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background Histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone acetyltransferases (HAT) have an important role in the regulation of gene transcription as well as in the development and function of CD4 +Foxp3 + T regulatory (Treg) cells. Since others and we have previously reported that patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) show abnormalities in the levels and function of different Treg cell subsets, we decided to analyse the levels of expression of several HDACs and the Tip60 HAT in the thyroid gland and immune cells from these patients. Methods The expression of HDAC1-11 and the Tip60 HAT, at RNA and protein levels, were determined in thyroid tissue from 20 patients with AITD and 10 healthy controls and these findings were correlated with clinical data. HDAC9 and Tip60 levels were also analysed in thyroid cell cultures, stimulated or not with pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as in different cell subsets from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Results An altered expression of different HDACs was observed in thyroid tissue from AITD patients, including a significant increase in HDAC9, at RNA and protein levels. Likewise, HDAC9 expression was increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells particularly in Treg cells in patients with AITD. In contrast, Tip60 expression was reduced in thyroid gland samples from patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis. Conclusions Our results indicate that HDAC expression is dysregulated in thyroid gland and immune cells from patients with AITD, suggesting their involvement in the pathogenesis of this condition.

scholarly journals IMMUNOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL PREDICTORS OF CLINICAL HETEROGENEITY OF PATIENTS WITH GRAVES' DISEASE (BASED ON RESEARCH OF THE THYROID GLAND OPERATIONAL MATERIAL)

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
T. V. Saprina ◽  
T. S. Prokhorenko ◽  
N. V. Ryazantseva ◽  
I. N. Vorozhtsova ◽  
S. Yu. Martynova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Follicular Epithelium ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Immunological Changes

Very little research is devoted to the study of communication systemic immunological changes and local immunological changes in the tissue of the thyroid in autoimmune thyrophaties. The goal of the research was to establish immunologic and morphologic predictors of clinical course and functional outcomes of Graves’s disease (GD).Material and methods. We examined 45 patients with GD (14 men and 31 women) aged 18–55 years (47.0 (35.0–53.0)) years, matching the following criteria: a verified diagnosis GD, accommodation in Tomsk oblast and the Tomsk not less than 10 years, the patient's consent for the study. The control group included 30 people, with an average age of (45.3 ± 5.6) years and was comparable by age and sex with GD patients. The study included: definition of the standard for GD hormonal and serological profile (free T4, free T3, and TSH, antibodies to TPO, antibodies to the TSH receptor), the cultivation of mononuclear leukocytes in complete culture medium within 24 hours with subsequent determination of interleukins concentrations (IL-2, IL-4, TNF-alpha) in culture medium using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, determination of the number of blood cells carrying membrane-bound receptors to IL-2, IL-4, TNF-R1 by flow laser cytometry on cytometer BD FACS Canto tmΙΙ (USA) using labeled monoclonal antibody, the standard postoperative histological examination of thyroid gland tissue samples and immunohistochemical detection in samples of thyroid tissue receptors to IL-2, IL-4, TNF-alpha.Results. On the basis of the received results it is possible to allocate 2 clinical-immunologic and morphologic cluster of autoimmune hyperthyroidism syndrome in patients with clinical diagnosis of GD. The first includes the formation of 1 and 2 histological options GD (minimally expressed monocytes infiltration, lack of oncocytic transformation of thyroid epithelium), with some clinical characteristics (persistent and pronounced hyperthyroidism, the large size of goiter, higher titer of receptor TSH-antibody and smaller TPO-antibody, diffuse nature of the lesion), and the second – is represented by 3d histological option with oncocytic restructuring of follicular epithelium, expressed the monocyte/macrophage infiltration with the TNF-RI expression and clinical patterns, including: the older age group of patients, the smaller size of goiter, the emergence of “pseudo nodes” ultrasound, reflecting the presence of lymphoid follicles-infiltrates, more lenient for hyperthyroidism. Probably, that the 2nd cluster is a combination of “classical GD” with autoimmune thyroiditis, however, a set of clinical and laboratory-instrumental signs led to the fact that these patients were in the group of GD patients.Conclusion. This approach (combining study of indicators of systemic and local tissue-specific autoimmune inflammation) is a promising from the point of view of separate parts coverage in the autoimmune thyroids diseases pathogenesis, approximating researchers to develop immune based therapeutic technologies.

scholarly journals Changes of Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Expressions in Thyroid Glands of Patients with Different Thyroid Pathologies

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj ◽  
Mirosław Andrusiewicz ◽  
Agata Czarnywojtek ◽  
Joanna Waligórska-Stachura ◽  
Maciej Biczysko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Exclusion Criterion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase ◽  
Previous Therapy ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
Low Levels

Purpose. Our aim was to analyze NAMPT expression in thyroid tissue derived from patients with Graves’ disease with (GD) and without (GO) orbitopathy, patients with toxic nodular goiters (TNG) and thyroid cancers (TC), and healthy controls. Methods. 153 thyroid tissue samples of consecutive patients who underwent thyroidectomy were collected. Previous therapy with steroids was an exclusion criterion. We collected clinicopathological data of all subjects and we assessed NAMPT expression using qPCR. Results. We found the highest NAMPT expression in the thyroids of patients with GO (n = 20) and cancers (n = 40). Also, there was statistically significant NAMPT overexpression in patients with TNG (n = 30). Relatively low NAMPT expression was found in GD patients (n = 21) and in the control group (n = 39). In one-way ANCOVA, we confirmed that NAMPT expression differs between subgroups and that it is not influenced by age, BMI, or sex of patients. Conclusions. Reported alteration of NAMPT expression might suggest its involvement in thyroid pathologies. Observed NAMPT overexpression in patients with GO and its relatively low levels in thyroids of patients with GD without eye changes do not confirm causal relationship between NAMPT level and orbitopathy, but this needs further investigation.

scholarly journals Thyroid hemiagenesis with a TI-RADS 2 nodule in the contralateral lobe

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Senai Goitom Sereke ◽  
Anthony Oriekot ◽  
Felix Bongomin
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Thyroid Hemiagenesis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Right Lobe

Abstract Background Thyroid hemiagenesis is a rare congenital anomaly in which one lobe of the thyroid gland fails to develop. There is an increased incidence of associated thyroid disorders in patients with thyroid hemiagenesis. Case presentation A 32-year-old Ugandan woman presented with a complaint of painless neck swelling of 3-months duration. The swelling was associated with a globus sensation. There was no history of thyroid – related problems or treatment prior to this presentation. Physical examination demonstrated a mobile right thyroid swelling without an obvious nodular contour. Neck ultrasound showed an absent left lobe of thyroid gland, a right lobe with a solitary nodule scoring two points on the Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) and an isthmus in situ. Extensive search for possible ectopic thyroid tissue was negative. She was biochemically euthyroid. The patient was counseled about thyroid hemiagenesis and was put on a regular follow up in the clinic for the TI-RADS 2 nodule. Conclusion Thyroid hemiagenesis is often associated with other thyroid disorders. Its diagnosis should prompt an active search for other associated morphological or functional thyroid abnormalities.

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