Relationship between plant life forms and ecological indices in a lacustrine ecosystem

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Nikolić ◽  
Katarina Čobanović ◽  
Slobodan Nićin
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ecological Indices ◽  
Ecological Index ◽  
Plant Life Forms ◽  
Substrate Moisture ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Substrate Ph

AbstractThis study is the first to analyze the relationship between ecological indices (substrate moisture, nutrient content, substrate dispersion/aeration, substrate pH and humus content) and life forms of the vascular flora in and around Lake Provala; these relationships may serve as reliable indicators of the ecological conditions prevailing in this ecosystem. Since the development of certain life forms, in addition to climatic conditions, depends on plant requirements for several major environmental factors expressed as ecological indices, we established the relationship between the ecological index and life form of vascular plants collected over an eight year period in this system using correspondence analysis. We found a significant correlation between the development of certain life forms and levels of substrate moisture, nutrient content and substrate dispersion/aeration. These relationships help explain the predominance of hemicryptophytes and hydro-helophytes in the riparian zone of the lake, as these forms are perfectly adapted to water-saturated or aquatic environments rich in nutrients and relatively well aerated. There was no significant relationship between life forms and substrate pH or the content of organo-mineral compounds (humus) in the soil.

Marshland vegetation of the class Phragmito-Magnocaricetea in northwest Croatia (Krapina river valley)

Biologia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zvjezdana Stančić
Keyword(s):  
Plant Cover ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Invasive Alien Plant ◽  
Plant Life Forms

AbstractMarshland vegetation of the class Phragmito-Magnocaricetea in the Krapina river valley was investigated during 2006 and 2007, and some sporadic investigations were made earlier. Phytosociological studies were carried out in accordance with the standard Braun-Blanquet methodology. As a result of the field work, and a small amount of data from the literature, 120 relevés were collected and 18 communities were established. For the purposes of comparison, the relevés were also classified using numerical methods. The clusters obtained mostly correspond to specific associations, but do not confirm the division into traditional vegetation alliances and orders. In the analysis of the ecological factors it is established that separation of the relevés is influenced by nutrient content, soil reaction, soil moisture, depth of water, and type of management. Analysis of the plant life forms shows, in all marshland communities, a prevalence of hemicryptophytes, geophytes and hydrophytes. The most widespread marshland communities of the investigated area are: Phalaridetum arundinaceae, Phragmitetum australis and Galio palustris-Caricetum ripariae. Furthermore, Carex randalpina community is recorded for the first time in Croatia. The most threatened marshland communities could be considered to be: Carex randalpina community, Caricetum vesicariae, Leersietum oryzoidis and Oenantho-Rorippetum. They are selected because of their very small surfaces in the investigated area and the small number of known localities within the territory of Croatia. The most invasive alien plant species in the Krapina river valley is Solidago gigantea. It spreads in potential habitats of marshland vegetation, and it is recorded in the species composition of many marshland communities. For the preservation of marshland vegetation, and especially threatened types, it is necessary to maintain the water regime of the habitats, to not remove natural plant cover due to spreading of neophytes, and to provide occasional mowing and burning.

ESTIMATION OF THE FERTILITY OF AGRICULTURAL SOILS IN THE NORTHERN PART OF THE YAROSLAVSK REGION AND TRENDS OF THEIR EVOLUTIONARY CHANGES FOR A 30-YEAR POST AGROGENIC PERIOD BASED ON THE SOIL- ECOLOGICAL INDEX

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey Rusakov ◽  
Yulia Simonova ◽  
Aleksandr Ryumin ◽  
A. Popov ◽  
Natalya Lemeshko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Ecological Index ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
Parent Rocks

The assessment of the agricultural production potential of the soils of the former arable lands was carried out on the basis of the updated soil-ecological index. It was revealed that among the agrosoils of Poshekhonsk district, soils with 20-39 points prevail, which generally indicates low and medium levels of potential soil fertility in the studied area in the late perestroika period. Comparison of morphological and genetic properties of soils for the period 1988-1990 and for 2019 showed the trends of their evolutionary changes. Multidirectional trends in the transformation of soil properties, developed on a contrasting lithogenic parent rocks, with a change in land use during the last 30-35-year period have been established. In loamy soils, stable hydromorphism features are observed everywhere, degradation processes prevail, expressed in dehumification, a sharp depletion of mobile forms of mineral nutrition elements of plants and, in some cases, acidification of humus postagrogenic horizons. It has been established that fallow soils on loamy parent material are characterized by a noticeable (by 1.1-1.9 times) decrease in the values of soil-ecological index in comparison with their arable state. On the contrary, in soils of light particle size distribution, the dominant processes are due to an increase in humus content and a decrease in acidity. The specificity of postagrogenic evolution and the emergence of new soil properties should be taken into account when performing soil-agroecological assessments and forecasting agricultural production potential against the background of changed climatic conditions.

SELECTION WORK TO IMPROVE PRODUCTIVE AND BREWING QUALITIES OF SPRING BARLEY

1970 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
О. V. Levakova ◽  
L. М. Eroshenko ◽  
А. N. Eroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Extract Content ◽  
Labile Phosphorus ◽  
Loam Soil

The article presents and analyzes data of competitive varietal testing of promising varieties and lines of spring barley for yield and brewing qualities. Field studies were conducted in 2014–2017 on dark gray forest heavy loam soil. Agrochemical parameters are total nitrogen – 0.24%, humus content in a layer of 0-40 cm (according to Tyurin) – 5.19%, hydrolysis nitrogen – 123.5 mg / kg, salt extract pH – 4.92 mg-eq / 100g; labile phosphorus - 34.6 mg / 100g, labile potassium – 20.0 mg / 100g. The forerunner is winter wheat. Meteorological conditions in the years of research differed from each other and from the average long-term value. Barley samples were assessed by the protein content in the grain (GOST 10846-91), extract content (GOST 12130-77), weight 1000 grains (GOST 10842-89). Ecological plasticity was determined by the method proposed by E.D. Nettevich, A.I. Morgunov and M.I. Maksimenko, stability index (Ľ) by A. A. Gryaznov, indicator of stability level (Puss) by E. D. Nettevich and A. I. Morgunov. The main measure for assessing quality indicators is protein content. Many other biochemical and technological features of grain depend on its level. The experimental data convincingly testify to the significant influence of the soil and climatic conditions on the yield and, especially, on the brewing qualities of barley in the conditions of the Central Region of the Nonchernozem Zone. According to the studied traits, new valuable varieties Nadezhny, Sir, Noble and selection lines 141 / 1-09 h 746, 23 / 1-10 h 784, distinguished by high adaptability and resistance to adverse environmental factors, have been identified.

ЗУБРЫ НА СЕВЕРЕ РОССИИ — НАСТОЯЩЕЕ И БУДУЩЕЕ

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
I.V. GUSAROV ◽  
V.A. OSTAPENKO ◽  
T.V. NOVIKOVА
Keyword(s):  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
European Bison ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Впервые в мире создана популяция зубров на территории 60 градусов северной широты. В новых климатических условиях разведения и сохранения зубров определены и проанализированы факторы существования вида на севере Европейской части РФ. Выявлены признаки, динамика численности, которые являются составной частью системы, предназначенной для управления биоразнообразием. Интродукция, являясь процессом введения в экосистему нехарактерных для нее видов, может усиливать изменения биоценозов как положительно, так и отрицательно. Насколько быстро и успешно проходит процесс адаптации заселенного вида, и усматривается его влияние на окружающую среду зависит дальнейшее существование зубров и в целом биоразнообразия. В статье обсуждаются вопросы взаимоотношения зубров с другими видами копытных и хозяйственной деятельностью человека, а также дальнейшим использованием зубров в сельскохозяйственном производстве. Пластичность зубров, выявление изменений и их анализ при вселении видов в новые условия обитания необходимы не только для определения развития или деградации биоценозов и в целом экосистемы, но и прогноза социально-экономических последствий интродукции как одного из методов сохранения редких и исчезающих видов фауны.For the first time in the world, a bison population has been created in an area of 60 degrees north latitude. In the new climatic conditions of breeding and preservation of bison, the factors of the species existence in the north of the European part of the Russian Federation are identified and analyzed. The signs, dynamics of abundance, which are an integral part of the system designed to manage biodiversity are identified, since the preservation of biological diversity on the planet is one of the main problems of our time. Introduction, being the process of introducing non-typical species into an ecosystem, can enhance changes in biocenoses, both positively and negatively. The question posing sounds especially when it comes to such a large hoofed animal as the European bison. How quickly and successfully the process of adaptation of the universe takes place and its environmental impact is seen depends on the continued existence of bison and biodiversity in general. The article discusses the relationship of bison with other types of ungulates and human activities, as well as the further use of bison in agricultural production. How these issues will be resolved positively depends on the future of these animals. Thus, the plasticity of bison, the identification of changes and their analysis, with the introduction of species into new habitat conditions is necessary not only to determine the development or degradation of biocenoses and the ecosystem as a whole, but also to predict the socio-economic consequences due to the introduction as one of the methods of preserving rare and endangered species of fauna.

scholarly journals Testing the potential of pollen assemblages to capture composition, diversity and ecological gradients of surrounding vegetation in two biogeographical regions of southeastern Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Papadopoulou ◽  
Ioannis Tsiripidis ◽  
Sampson Panajiotidis ◽  
Georgios Fotiadis ◽  
Daniel Veres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Ecological Gradients ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
North Central ◽  
Plant Life Forms ◽  
Pollen Diagrams ◽  
Biogeographical Regions ◽  
Species Specific

AbstractDue to the complex relationship between pollen and vegetation, it is not yet clear how pollen diagrams may be interpreted with respect to changes in floristic diversity and only a few studies have hitherto investigated this problem. We compare pollen assemblages from moss samples in two southeastern European forests with the surrounding vegetation to investigate (a) their compositional similarity, (b) the association between their diversity characteristics in both terms of richness and evenness, and (c) the correspondence of the main ecological gradients that can be revealed by them. Two biogeographical regions with different vegetation characteristics, the Pieria mountains (north central Greece) and the slopes of Ciomadul volcano (eastern Romania), were chosen as divergent examples of floristic regions, vegetation structure and landscape openness. Pollen assemblages are efficient in capturing the presence or absence, rather than the abundance in distribution of plants in the surrounding area and this bias increases along with landscape openness and vegetation diversity, which is higher in the Pieria mountains. Pollen assemblages and vegetation correlate better in terms of richness, that is, low order diversity indices. Relatively high correlation, in terms of evenness, could be potentially found in homogenous and species poor ecosystems as for Ciomadul. Composition and diversity of woody, rather than herb, vegetation is better reflected in pollen assemblages of both areas, especially for Pieria where a direct comparison of the two components was feasible, although this depends on the species-specific pollen production and dispersal, the openness of landscape and the overall diversity of vegetation. Gradients revealed by pollen assemblages are highly and significantly correlated with those existing in vegetation. Pollen assemblages may represent the vegetation well in terms of composition, diversity (mainly richness) and ecological gradients, but this potential depends on land use, vegetation structure, biogeographical factors and plant life forms.

scholarly journals Climate and the spread of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simiao Chen ◽  
Klaus Prettner ◽  
Michael Kuhn ◽  
Pascal Geldsetzer ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Phone ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Dependency ◽  
Similar Extent ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Age Dependency Ratio ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractVisual inspection of world maps shows that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is less prevalent in countries closer to the equator, where heat and humidity tend to be higher. Scientists disagree how to interpret this observation because the relationship between COVID-19 and climatic conditions may be confounded by many factors. We regress the logarithm of confirmed COVID-19 cases per million inhabitants in a country against the country’s distance from the equator, controlling for key confounding factors: air travel, vehicle concentration, urbanization, COVID-19 testing intensity, cell phone usage, income, old-age dependency ratio, and health expenditure. A one-degree increase in absolute latitude is associated with a 4.3% increase in cases per million inhabitants as of January 9, 2021 (p value < 0.001). Our results imply that a country, which is located 1000 km closer to the equator, could expect 33% fewer cases per million inhabitants. Since the change in Earth’s angle towards the sun between equinox and solstice is about 23.5°, one could expect a difference in cases per million inhabitants of 64% between two hypothetical countries whose climates differ to a similar extent as two adjacent seasons. According to our results, countries are expected to see a decline in new COVID-19 cases during summer and a resurgence during winter. However, our results do not imply that the disease will vanish during summer or will not affect countries close to the equator. Rather, the higher temperatures and more intense UV radiation in summer are likely to support public health measures to contain SARS-CoV-2.

Distribution of plant life forms along an altitudinal gradient in the semi-arid valley of Zapotitlán, Mexico

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Numa P. Pavón ◽  
Humberto Hernández-Trejo ◽  
Víctor Rico-Gray
Keyword(s):  
Altitudinal Gradient ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Plant Life Forms ◽  
Plant Life ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Effect of Weave Structure on Thermo-Physiological Properties of Cotton Fabrics

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheraz Ahmad ◽  
Faheem Ahmad ◽  
Ali Afzal ◽  
Abher Rasheed ◽  
Muhammad Mohsin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Plain Weave ◽  
Weave Structure ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper aims to investigate the relationship between fabric weave structure and its comfort properties. The two basic weave structures and four derivatives for each selected weave structure were studied. Comfort properties, porosity, air permeability and thermal resistance of all the fabric samples were determined. In our research the 1/1 plain weave structure showed the highest thermal resistance making it suitable for cold climatic conditions. The 2/2 matt weave depicted the lowest thermal resistance which makes it appropriate for hot climatic conditions.

Selection of drought-resistant crops for South Steppe of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
V. V. Gamayunova ◽  
L. H. Khonenko ◽  
M. I. Fedorchuk ◽  
O. A. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Chemical Application ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Drought Resistant

The cultivation expediency of more drought-resistant crops, in particular sorghum, millet, false flax, safflower and others, instead of sunflower in the area of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine is substantiated. This is, first of all, required by climate change both in Ukraine and in the world. Since 2004, researches of field crops were carried out in the conditions of the Educational and Scientific Practical Center of the Mykolaiv National Agrarian University. Soil phase is the southern chernozem with humus content in the 0–30 cm soil layer which consist of 2.96–3.21 %, with medium and high level of availability of mobile phosphorus and potassium and low – mobile nitrogen. Experiments with soriz (Oksamyt hybrid) were conducted during 2004–2006, millet (Tavriiske, Kostantynivske, Skhidnevarieties) in 2008–2010, grain sorghum (Stepovyi 5 hybrid) in 2014–2016, safflower dye (Lahidnyi variety) in 2017–2019. The years of research differed significantly in temperature and even more in the amount of precipitation before sowing and during the growing season of crops. However, the weather conditions were typical of the Southern Steppe zone of Ukraine. It is established that all studied drought-resistant crops respond positively to nutrition optimization – the level of yield and quality of grain or seeds increases. It was found that the soriz productivity depending on the application of fertilizers and sowing dates increased by 37.6–39.2 %, millet –by 33.3–41.6 %, grain sorghum depending on the background of nutrition and growing conditions – by 8.2–33.2 %, dye safflower – by 11.1–64.6 %. It was determined that the optimization of nutrition of cultivated crops allows to increase their resistance to adverse conditions and productivity in the case of application of low doses of the mineral fertilizers before sowing, pre-sowing treatment of seeds, and growth-regulating chemical application of plants on the main stages of the growing season. Key words: drought-resistant plants, climatic conditions, nutrition optimization, yield, crop quality, varieties, sowing dates.

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