scholarly journals Forced settlement of Vlach Roma in Žatec and Louny in the late 1950s

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-364
Author(s):  
Markéta Hajská
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
State Socialism ◽  
Archival Research ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Local Process ◽  
Western Bohemia ◽  
Permanent Settlement ◽  
Assimilation Policy ◽  
North Western

AbstractThe author of the study presents a micro-historical study of a family of Vlach Roma (Lovára) of western Slovakian origin, who were one of the few Romani groups still on the move in the mid-1950s and who in the late 1950s were forced to settle in the towns of Louny and Žatec in north-western Bohemia. Against this background the author focuses on some aspects of the Czechoslovak assimilation policy of the 1950s regarding ‘itinerant Gypsies’, designed to limit their mobility, which is represented mainly by the implementation of the Law on the Permanent Settlement of Itinerant Persons (No. 74/1958 Coll.). Using a combination of oral history methods involving Vlach Romani narrators and of archival research, the author clarifies some aspects of the local process of the implementation of the above-mentioned law and of selected impacts of the registration of travelling and semi-travelling people in February 1959. The forced sedentarization which occurred in the two localities under study is presented in the context of the regime of state socialism and the policies of central as well as local authorities towards so-called ‘travelling Gypsies’ in the late 1950s.

Working Through Colonial Collections

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margareta von Oswald
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Work Practices ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Archival Research ◽  
Everyday Activity ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Working Through ◽  
German Colonialism ◽  
Oral History Interviews

What are the possibilities and limits of engaging with colonialism in ethnological museums? This book addresses this question from within the Africa department of the Ethnological Museum in Berlin. It captures the Museum at a moment of substantial transformation, as it prepared the move of its exhibition to the Humboldt Forum, a newly built and contested cultural centre on Berlin’s Museum Island. The book discusses almost a decade of debate in which German colonialism was negotiated, and further recognised, through conflicts over colonial museum collections. Based on two years of ethnographic fieldwork examining the Museum’s various work practices, this book highlights the Museum’s embeddedness in colonial logics and shows how these unfold in the Museum’s everyday activity. It addresses the diverse areas of expertise in the Ethnological Museum – the preservation, storage, curation, and research of collections – and also draws on archival research and oral history interviews with current and former employees. Working through Colonial Collections unravels the ongoing and laborious processes of reckoning with colonialism in the Ethnological Museum’s present – processes from which other ethnological museums, as well as Western museums more generally, can learn.

scholarly journals A formação e a (re)construção da identidade profissional de enfermeiros (anos de 1970) [Nurses’ training and the (re)construction of their professional identity (1970s)] [La formación y la (re)construcción de la identidad profesional de enfermeros (años de 1970)]

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. e20054
Author(s):  
Sheila Saint-Clair da Silva Teodosio ◽  
Maria Itayra Padilha
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Nursing Education ◽  
Professional Identity ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Social Recognition ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Socialization Processes

Objetivo: analisar a contribuição da formação em enfermagem para a (re)construção da identidade profissional de enfermeiros e sua expressão pós-ingresso no mercado de trabalho. Método: estudo qualitativo com abordagem socio-histórica, realizado entre setembro de 2013 a maio de 2014, que utilizou a história oral, em entrevistas com dezesseis egressos e quatro docentes do curso de Enfermagem e Obstetrícia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Resultados: ma análise de conteúdo constatou-se a importância da formação na construção da identidade profissional de enfermeiros, mas que estes também contribuíram para o reconhecimento da profissão. Reconhecendo-se, nesta dialética, que os processos de socializações, ao mesmo tempo em que influenciam a construção de identidades dos sujeitos são por eles reestruturados. Conclusão: evidenciou-se a ação educativa dos docentes, não só como mediadores da aprendizagem, mas por promoverem também o reconhecimento social e contribuírem à constituição da identidade profissional desses egressos.ABSTRACTObjective: to examine the contribution of nursing education to (re)constructing nurses’ professional identity and its expression after their admission to the labor market. Method: this qualitative, socio-historical study was conducted between September 2013 and May 2014, using oral history in interviews of sixteen graduates and four professors of the Nursing and Obstetrics course at Rio Grande do Norte Federal University. Results: content analysis showed the importance of training in the construction of nurses’ professional identity, but the nurses themselves also contributed to gaining recognition for the profession. It was recognized that, in this dialectic, socialization processes both influence the construction of subjects’ identities and are restructured by them. Conclusion: evidence was found of the educational action of teachers, not only as mediators of learning, but also by their fostering social recognition and helping constitute the professional identity of these alumni.RESUMEN:Objetivo: analizar la contribución de la formación en enfermería a la (re)construcción de la identidad profesional de enfermeros y su expresión post-ingreso en el mercado de trabajo. Método: estudio cualitativo con enfoque socio-histórico, realizado entre septiembre de 2013 y mayo de 2014, que utilizó la historia oral, en entrevistas junto a dieciséis egresados y cuatro profesores del curso de Enfermería y Obstetricia de la Universidad Federal de Rio Grande do Norte. Resultados: en el análisis de contenido se constató la importancia de la formación en la construcción de la identidad profesional de enfermeros, pero que éstos también contribuyeron para el reconocimiento de la profesión. Reconociendo, en esta dialéctica, que los procesos de socializaciones, al mismo tiempo que influyen en la construcción de identidades de los sujetos, son reestructurados por ellos. Conclusión: se evidenció la acción educativa de los profesores, no sólo como mediadores del aprendizaje, sino por promover el reconocimiento social y contribuir a la constitución de la identidad profesional de esos egresados.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Kuta Bataguh in Kapuas, Central Kalimantan

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-308
Author(s):  
Nfn Sunarningsih ◽  
Nfn Hartatik ◽  
Ida Bagus Putu Prajna Yogi ◽  
Unggul Prasetyo Wibowo ◽  
Nugroho Nur Susanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Community Group ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Permanent Settlement ◽  
Absolute Dating ◽  
Descriptive Method

Kuta Bataguh is administratively located in Bataguh and East Kapuas Districts, Kapuas Regency, Kalimantan Tengah. The research aims to reconstruct the characteristics of Kuta Bataguh. This research is using interpretive-descriptive method with the inductive reasoning. Data collection used surveys, excavations, interviews, and literature study. The analysis included environmental, stratigraphic, artifactual, spatial, and absolute dating analysis. Survey (surface and aerial) and excavation activities were carried out inside and outside the fence, both downstream and upstream of the Karinyau River. The results illustrate that the characteristics of Kuta Bataguh are a large permanent settlement that is split by a river. The fortified settlement of Kuta Bataguh was the leader residence of Ngaju community group (as the center of power). By referring to the pattern, function and extent of this settlement, it can be assumed that the local authorities in Bataguh are on par with early state in their socio-political organization.

Return to Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia Martin Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
War Veterans ◽  
War Memory ◽  
War Narratives ◽  
Vietnam War Veterans

Between 1981 and 2016, thousands of American and Australian Vietnam War veterans returned to Việt Nam. This comparative, transnational oral history offers the first historical study of these return journeys. It shows how veterans returned in search of resolution, or peace, manifesting in shifting nostalgic visions of 'Vietnam.' Different national war narratives shaped their returns: Australians followed the 'Anzac' pilgrimage tradition, whereas for Americans the return was an anti-war act. Veterans met former enemies, visited battlefields, mourned friends, found new relationships, and addressed enduring legacies of war. Many found their memories of war eased by witnessing Việt Nam at peace. Yet this peacetime reality also challenged veterans' wartime connection to Vietnamese spaces. The place they were nostalgic for was Vietnam, a space in war memory, not Việt Nam, the country. Veterans drew from wartime narratives to negotiate this displacement, performing nostalgic practices to reclaim their sense of belonging.

Memory, Oral History and the End of Slavery in Tanzania: Some Methodological Considerations

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Georg Deutsch
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Archival Research ◽  
Archival Record ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Methodological Considerations

This chapter explores how the end of slavery is remembered in Tanzania. While the subject of ‘The end of slavery in Africa’ has attracted a substantial number of outstanding scholars, few researchers have conducted oral interviews, especially in East Africa. The author undertook field research, collecting contemporary memories of the end of slavery over a period of three months in the mid-1990s in various parts of Tanzania. The interviews were meant to complement archival research. The chapter shows that the memory of the end of slavery and the archival record fail to correspond with each other, and offers an explanation of why this is the case.

The School Meals Service in Wales, c.1906–1944

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-114
Author(s):  
Russell Grigg
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Parental Responsibility ◽  
Archival Research ◽  
School Meals ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Nutritional Guidelines ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Education Act

This article explores a relatively neglected theme, namely the development of the school meals service in Wales in the first half of the twentieth century. Drawing on archival research, the article highlights the complexities of implementing policy. It is organized in two sections. The first outlines the main developments between the permissive Education (Provision of Meals) Act of 1906 and the Education Act of 1944, which compelled local authorities to provide a midday meal and set nutritional guidelines for schools. The second section discusses factors that affected the school meals service in Wales: parental responsibility, eligibility, cost, stigma and the quality of food, which collectively hindered progress. The article concludes that despite growing interventionist policies between 1906 and 1944, local authorities in Wales struggled to reach a consensus over how best to implement legislation, and progress remained uneven.

VI. Bengali Perceptions of the Raj in the Nineteenth Century

Itinerario ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Tapan Raychaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
British Empire ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
New Class ◽  
The North ◽  
Social Ideology ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Permanent Settlement ◽  
Colonial Order ◽  
North Western

The Western educated Bengali intelligentsia was the first group of Indians to collaborate closely with the colonial regime in the governance of the country. As middle-ranking to minor functionaries they were to be found in all parts of the British territories from Burma to the North-western Frontier and as far south as the southernmost tip of the Madras Presidency. No other linguistic cultural group in the subcontinent was ever so extensively involved in the functioning of the Raj – Bengali professionals, doctors, teachers, journalists, lawyers and the like, also followed the flag to all parts of the Indian empire and later beyond its limits and were thus among the direct beneficiaries of Pax Britannica. The economic basis of their livelihood was a direct or indirect product of the colonial state. This was even more true of the new class of landed proprietors with their rights guaranteed by the Permanent Settlement. And then there were those who had collaborated with the Company and its servants in their commercial ventures and, in the process, founded some of the great fortunes of nineteenth-century Calcutta. As is well-known, these varied social groups were not mutually exclusive. Besides, their direct or indirect dependence on the colonial order created a basis for cohesion and a shared social ideology. For a long time that ideology was marked by an almost unqualified gratitude and admiration for the British empire and its creators

scholarly journals "All in hand": images of power and communicative practices of regional elites in later years of the USSR through the prism of spoken history

2019 ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
Mikhail S. Vorontsov ◽  
Yuriy S. Nikiforov
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Communicative Practices ◽  
History Data ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Upper Volga ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Paul Thompson

Oral history data, which were obtained during interviews with representatives of the Soviet regional elite of the second half of the 1960s to 1980s, were analysed as part of the study of the processes of interaction between the Upper Volga regions' local authorities and Moscow. The main attention of the authors of the article is focused on images of power and on communicative practices of regional elites in the later period of existence of the USSR. An attempt to reconstruct the mechanisms and strategies of the regional elite of the Soviet province, including bureaucratic procedures and communicative practices, images and scenarios of power in the local authority functioning in the 1960s to 1980s, is undertaken in terms of oral history. The theoretical-methodological basis of the work is related to the ideas of Viktor Mokhov about regional elites; of Paul Thompson and Marina Sokolova, about the functionality of oral history; to Alexei Yurchak's concept about the last days of socialism; to Richard S. Wortman's scenarius of power.

scholarly journals With Respect to the Dead: Reconstructing a Historic View of Death in Gaelic Nova Scotia

Genealogy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Shamus Y. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Archival Research ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Relationship

Drawing on a combination of oral history and archival research, this article reconstructs a historic view of death and dying in areas of the province settled by Scottish Gaels. It discusses beliefs and customs associated with death, giving special attention to traditional house wakes. Inspired by studies in culturally related communities in Ireland, Scotland, and Newfoundland, this study highlights insider perspectives of local customs and beliefs in order to develop a clearer understanding of the relationship previous generations had to death in Gaelic Nova Scotia. This study concludes by suggesting why some mortuary customs were abandoned during the second part of the twentieth century.

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