scholarly journals Some Remarks on the Choice of Ductility Class for Earthquake-Resistant Steel Structures

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Miroslava Matejčeková-Farhat ◽  
Rudolf Ároch
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Eurocode 8 ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Earthquake Resistant ◽  
Earthquake Resistant Structures ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
National Practice

Abstract The implementation of the Eurocodes in current structural design practice has brought about a new emphasis on the design of earthquake-resistant structures. In some European countries, new earthquake zones have been defined; henceforth, the design requirements of many ongoing projects have changed as well. The choice of the ductility class of steel structures as one of the key design parameters, the consequences of this choice on design procedure, and some applications of the Eurocode 8 design criteria by comparing French and Slovak national practice are discussed, using a practical example of a structure.

Development of Structural Design Guidelines for Porous Asphalt Pavement

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (40) ◽  
pp. 197-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin D. Hall ◽  
Charles W. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Empirical Approach ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
Design Procedures

Porous asphalt pavements allow designers to introduce more sustainability into projects and lessen their environmental impact. Current design procedures are based primarily on hydrologic considerations; comparatively little attention has been paid to their structural design aspects. As their use grows, a design procedure and representative material structural properties are needed to ensure that porous pavements do not deteriorate excessively under traffic loads. The objective of this project was to develop a simple, easy to apply design procedure for the structural design of porous asphalt pavements. Two methodologies were considered for such a structural design procedure: ( a) the 1993 AASHTO Pavement Design Guide empirical approach, and ( b) the mechanistic–empirical approach employed by the AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design software. A multifactor evaluation indicated the empirical 1993 AASHTO design procedure to be the most appropriate platform at this time. It is noted, however, that both design procedures lack validation of porous asphalt pavements against field performance. AASHTO design parameters and associated material characteristics are recommended, based on an extensive literature review. For “thin” open-graded base structures (12 in. or less), the AASHTO procedure is performed as published in the 1993 Guide. For “thick” base structures (>12 in.), the base/subgrade combination is considered a composite system which supports the porous asphalt layer; an equivalent deflection-based approach is described to estimate the composite resilient modulus of the foundation system, prior to applying the 1993 AASHTO design procedure.

Problems of Optimal Structural Design

1968 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Prager ◽  
J. E. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Elastic Stiffness ◽  
Uniform Method ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Maximum Stiffness ◽  
Subsequent Determination ◽  
Elastic Design ◽  
Optimal Plastic Design

The paper presents a uniform method of treating a variety of problems of optimal design of sandwich structures. The design procedure consists of two steps: The integration of an optimality condition, which is a differential equation for the optimal displacement field that does not involve any design parameters, and the subsequent determination of the optimal distribution of elastic stiffness or plastic resistance from the usual differential equations of the structure. Optimal elastic design for maximum stiffness, maximum fundamental frequency, or maximum buckling load, and optimal plastic design for maximum safety are treated as examples.

Structural Design and Optimization of a 3-Axis Miniaturized Machine Tool with High Precision Positioning Stages

2007 ◽  
Vol 339 ◽  
pp. 321-326
Author(s):  
J.H. Lee ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Sung Hwan Kweon ◽  
Young Shin Kim ◽  
Young Moon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Error Function ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Volumetric Error ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Suitable Structure ◽  
Previous Design

The procedure of structural design on miniaturized machine tool (mMT) is proposed and structural optimization by applying robustness evaluation method is presented in this paper. The design procedure of a kind of mMT which is a 3-axis miniaturized milling machine tool (mMMT) is discussed and three different structures of mMMT are proposed based on previous design procedure. The most suitable structure is selected using robustness evaluation method, which is Taguchi method, due to volumetric error function. The design parameters of selected structure are optimized.

scholarly journals Linear optimal design of a magnetic repulsion negative stiffness structure

2021 ◽  
pp. 146134842199261
Author(s):  
Zhang Bao ◽  
Wang Xiaoping ◽  
Ge Xinfang
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Negative Stiffness ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Structural Parameter ◽  
Design Requirements

To reduce negative stiffness structure’s stiffness non-linearity, enhance its stability during entire working displacement range, and expand its allowable working displacement, the optimal design of negative stiffness structure based on magnetic repulsion is proposed, and its structural parameters are also provided. The new negative stiffness structure’s model is established to determine the structural design parameters. According to the change of the new negative stiffness structure’s stiffness curve, we select the structural parameter to meet the design requirements. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed negative stiffness structure, we carried out simulation analysis, and the results show that the optimized negative stiffness structure’s stiffness non-linearity is greatly reduced in a relatively longer displacement, and its stiffness stability is promoted substantially compared with the simple triple-magnet negative stiffness structure.

scholarly journals Normative and methodological principles for transverse webs structural design as applicable to cargo tank area of double hull oil tankers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
К.В. Плотников
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Structural Rules ◽  
Functional Relations ◽  
Oil Tankers ◽  
Double Hull

Статья посвящена вопросам проектирования поперечных танкерных рам крупнотоннажных нефтеналивных судов, размеры корпусных конструкций которых должны соответствовать требованиям Общих Правил МАКО (CSR). Требования Правил CSR можно разделить на общие нормативные предписания аналитико-эмпирического характера (prescriptive-требования) и требования к выполнению проверочных расчётов (в первую очередь с использованием МКЭ). В работе рассмотрены алгоритмы проектирования поперечных рам нефтеналивных судов в соответствии с prescriptive requirements, а также предложена методика и алгоритм проектирования таких конструкций, включающие и МКЭ-анализ, которые могут использоваться в практике конструкторских бюро. Приведено обоснование необходимости анализа и обобщения проектных решений в части рамных конструкций на реальных судах, которые могут быть использованы при разработке специализированного программного обеспечения. Поскольку напряжённо-деформированное состояние рамной конструкции зависит от соотношения характеристик изгибной жесткости составляющих её балок, целесообразным является построение алгоритма проектирования, частью которого является решение оптимизационно-поисковой задачи определения требуемых размеров конструкции. Ограничения такой задачи должны формироваться на основе общих требований CSR. В тексте приведено описание нормативных требований и основные их особенности. Кратко описаны возможные варианты постановки задачи и соображения о программной реализации её решения. The paper deals with principal considerations of double-hull oil tankers primary supporting members (PSM) structural design, which meets the requirements of Common Structural Rules (CSR). The algorithms of structural design procedure for different typical arrangements of tankers are considered in the paper. The study shows main features of structural design process that lead to complexity of functional relations. As CSR requirements consist of prescriptive requirements and direct analysis requirements (that usually means finite element analysis) the suggested algorithms include both of these stages. The text explains the need of statistical data of existing designs collecting. Such data includes ratios between required and actual web depths, scantlings of brackets, ratios between moments of inertia of PSM and some others. This data can be used in structural design process and form the limitations of design parameters. As shear forces and bending moments in primary supporting members depend on ratios of its bending stiffness and relation between design parameters are rather complicated it is appropriate to use mathematical programming models, which present a decision support instrument. There are many ways of formulation and implementation of structural design task, and the paper gives general considerations about it. The brief review of previous contributions on this subject is also given.

Structural Design Criteria for Steel Components of Parabolic-Trough Solar Concentrators

2007 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Giannuzzi ◽  
C. E. Majorana ◽  
A. Miliozzi ◽  
V. A. Salomoni ◽  
D. Nicolini
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Angular Position ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Solar Concentrators ◽  
Codes Of Practice

Starting from the R&D experience acquired, within the Italian context, in the field of the development of new technologies for solar energy exploitation, structural design criteria have been selected here to define a guideline for steel structures design and assessment of components of parabolic-trough solar concentrators. The main codes of practice used in Italy and in the European community have been considered and design criteria chosen to find a compromise between requirements of rules that should be followed precisely and costs. Loads, actions, and more generally, the whole design procedure has been considered in agreement with the limit state method; a new approach is critically and carefully proposed to use this method in designing and testing “special structures,” such as the one analyzed here (e.g., wind and snow actions are evaluated and newly interpreted according to both the angular position of the collectors and the characteristic effects). A method for evaluating variable loads is proposed to integrate current Italian and European rules, and a dimensional reduction for some elements due to the limit state design approach is underlined.

Steel and Composite Structures in European Seismic Areas: Research, Codification, Design, and Applications

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico M. Mazzolani
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structures ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Eurocode 8 ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
European Institutions ◽  
Earthquake Resistant ◽  
Earthquake Resistant Structures ◽  
Current Design

This paper focuses on the present situation of research, codification, design, and applications in the field of steel and composite structures in the European earthquake-prone countries. Emphasis is first given to recent research projects developed in cooperation among European institutions, providing the basis of the research activity and the main conclusions. Then codification rules are focused on, by examining basic principles and new amendments of Eurocode 8, in relation with the current design methodologies adopted in Europe for both steel and steel-concrete composite structures. Finally, some applications of earthquake-resistant structures recently built in Europe are illustrated.

An Integrated Model to Design Earthquake Resistant Structures

2012 ◽  
Vol 446-449 ◽  
pp. 890-893
Author(s):  
Mehdi Nourbakhsh ◽  
Samaneh Zolfagharian ◽  
Mohamad Zin Rosli ◽  
Mohammad Ali Nekooie ◽  
R. Taherkhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Earthquake Resistant Design ◽  
Earthquake Resistant ◽  
Earthquake Resistant Structures ◽  
Design Earthquake ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of the material and design of earthquake resistance structures are an important issue today. Many people die every year due to inappropriate design and selection of the materials. There are several software to be used for structural design of buildings, however they just design the structure based on some limited standards. There is a need to develop a computer-based earthquake resistant design model to integrate the current market’s software with different design standards of different countries. The objective of this study is to propose a model to integrate the local structural design standards/codes with available market’s programs. To achieve this objective, Microsoft Excel was used as the core of the model to be integrated with one of the market’s program. Then, the model was developed in three phases. To test the model, the Iranian design standard (Code 2800) was used to design a 7-story apartment. The results show that the model can be fully integrated with those market’s programs which support Microsoft Excel. The result of Phase 1 of the model is useful to select the optimum selection of the material while Phase 2 and 3 contribute to design of the earthquake resistant structure.

scholarly journals Rationality Analysis of High-rise Building Structure Calculation un- der SATWE Procedure

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Guiqing
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Seismic Force ◽  
Structural Calculation ◽  
Capital Construction

In recent years, with the increasing shortage of land resources in our country, in or der to make full use of limited land resources, the development of construction industry is developing towards high-rise and super-high-rise buildings.This is based on the use of structural design and structural calculation of building structures with the higher requirement. For structural designers, the structural model is determined reasonably, the structural design procedure is used correctly, the design parameters and seismic force parameters are accurately input, the results are correctly analyzed and the structural calculation model is adjusted according to the calcu- lated results. Repeated adjustments in order to design safe high-rise buildings, so that the capital construction investmenthas been rationally used. In this paper, how to use the SATWE program developed by China Academy of Building Science to study the structural calculation and structural problems, how to analyze the calculation results and use the calculated results to reflect the problem and then adjust the structural model and other issues to study.

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