scholarly journals Airport Related Emissions and their Impact on Air Quality at a Major Japanese Airport: The Case of Kansai International Airport

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-109
Author(s):  
Glenn Baxter ◽  
Panarat Srisaeng ◽  
Graham Wild
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
International Airport ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Trends Over Time ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of an airport, to determine if strategies are helping to achieve sustainability targets. Kansai International Airport was selected as the case study, and it is Japan’s third largest airport and there was readily available comprehensive data to enable a study to be undertaken. The airport has a dedicated environmental division and has implemented various initiatives over the past decade or so to reduce the airport’s impact on the surrounding environment, especially since it is in Osaka Bay. The research used an exploratory design, with an initial qualitative case study, followed by a quantitative longitudinal study, utilizing correlation to assess trends over time. Results showed statistically significant reductions in carbon dioxide (CO2) emission from the three facets of airport operations, both in terms of the number of passengers and number of aircraft serviced by the airport. As a result, the initiatives undertaken at Kansai International Airport could be adapted and used by other airports to help reduce their carbon dioxide emissions.

scholarly journals The Problem of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Closed Coal Mine Shafts – The Overview and the Case Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-600
Author(s):  
Paweł Wrona ◽  
Józef Sułkowski ◽  
Zenon Różański ◽  
Grzegorz Pach
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Emission Point ◽  
Water Pumping ◽  
Gas Hazard ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Reporting Procedures

Abstract Greenhouse gas emissions are a common problem noticed in every mining area just after mine closures. However, there could be a significant local gas hazard for people with continuous (but variable) emission of these gases into the atmosphere. In the Upper Silesia area, there are 24 shafts left for water pumping purposes and gases can flow through them hydraulically. One of them – Gliwice II shaft – was selected for inspection. Carbon dioxide emission with no methane was detected here. Changes in emission and concentration of carbon dioxide around the shaft was the aim of research carried out. It was stated that a selected shaft can create two kinds of gas problems. The first relates to CO2 emission into the atmosphere. Possible emission of that gas during one minute was estimated at 5,11 kg CO2/min. The second problem refers to the local hazard at the surface. The emission was detected within a radius of 8m from the emission point at the level 1m above the ground. These kinds of matters should be subject to regular gas monitoring and reporting procedures.

scholarly journals Optimal Synergy between Photovoltaic Panels and Hydrogen Fuel Cells for Green Power Supply of a Green Building—A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6304
Author(s):  
Raluca-Andreea Felseghi ◽  
Ioan Așchilean ◽  
Nicoleta Cobîrzan ◽  
Andrei Mircea Bolboacă ◽  
Maria Simona Raboaca
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels

Alternative energy resources have a significant function in the performance and decarbonization of power engendering schemes in the building application domain. Additionally, “green buildings” play a special role in reducing energy consumption and minimizing CO2 emissions in the building sector. This research article analyzes the performance of alternative primary energy sources (sun and hydrogen) integrated into a hybrid photovoltaic panel/fuel cell system, and their optimal synergy to provide green energy for a green building. The study addresses the future hydrogen-based economy, which involves the supply of hydrogen as the fuel needed to provide fuel cell energy through a power distribution infrastructure. The objective of this research is to use fuel cells in this field and to investigate their use as a green building energy supply through a hybrid electricity generation system, which also uses photovoltaic panels to convert solar energy. The fuel cell hydrogen is supplied through a distribution network in which hydrogen production is outsourced and independent of the power generation system. The case study creates virtual operating conditions for this type of hybrid energy system and simulates its operation over a one-year period. The goal is to demonstrate the role and utility of fuel cells in virtual conditions by analyzing energy and economic performance indicators, as well as carbon dioxide emissions. The case study analyzes the optimal synergy between photovoltaic panels and fuel cells for the power supply of a green building. In the simulation, an optimally configured hybrid system supplies 100% of the energy to the green building while generating carbon dioxide emissions equal to 11.72% of the average value calculated for a conventional energy system providing similar energy to a standard residential building. Photovoltaic panels account for 32% of the required annual electricity production, and the fuel cells generate 68% of the total annual energy output of the system.

Socio-spatial transformations at the urban fringes of Rome: Unfolding suburbanisms in Fiano Romano

2021 ◽  
pp. 096977642110316
Author(s):  
Lorenzo De Vidovich
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Spatial Expansion ◽  
Spatial Transformations ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Urban Transformations ◽  
New Inequalities

Today, suburbs and urban fringes are pivotal places for understanding contemporary urban transformations because the majority of the world’s urban population live in suburbs. Suburbanization (i.e. the process of combining the non-centric population, economic growth, and spatial expansion) and suburbanisms (suburban ways of living) are key concepts for observing these transformations, framed under the umbrella of the post-suburban theoretical framework. This paper relies on a post-suburban standpoint as it enables the complexity of the diverse transformations at the urban edges to be addressed. On such basis, this paper discusses the outcomes of a qualitative case study conducted on the most recently built neighbourhood of Fiano Romano, a suburb of Rome that has faced a number of socio-spatial transformations over the past two decades. The study illustrates the diverse complexities related to the provision of welfare services and public amenities such as water and social infrastructures. In so doing, the article unfolds the shape of a ‘new suburbia’ characterized by emerging socio-spatial changes that lie in processes of peripheralization, which characterize many contemporary post-Fordist suburban areas, especially at the present time of the coronavirus crisis. The article points out the centrality of suburban ways of living in studying issues involving both spatial planning and governance of welfare. Furthermore, the article highlights the idea that new inequalities and deprivations are taking place in diverse suburban areas, and that such aspects deserve further governance agendas able to meet the suburban social demands that differ from traditional urban vulnerabilities.

scholarly journals The effect of income inequality on carbon dioxide emissions: A case study of Indonesia

Heliyon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. e04772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deni Kusumawardani ◽  
Ajeng Kartiko Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions

scholarly journals Longitudinal case study of child-directed speech in Slovak from the perspective of acquisition of personal pronouns

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-268
Author(s):  
Milada Walková ◽  
◽  
Alexandra Brestovičová ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Simple Regression Analysis ◽  
Simple Regression ◽  
Over Time

Objectives. Previous research has shown that the acquisition of personal pronouns benefits from input with higher amounts of stable reference. This paper aims to provide more evidence of how input is structured. The language under study is Slovak, a pro-drop language, allowing to extend the study of input to verb marking. Participants and setting. The longitudinal study follows speech directed to three children in two families from the age 1;9 to 3;0. Hypotheses. It was hypothesised that the incidence of the first and second person singular pronouns and verb marking as expressions with shifting reference grows with the child’s age while the incidence of proper names and category names as expressions with stable reference decreases with the child’s age. Statistical analysis. Occurrences of first and second person singular pronouns and verb marking as expressions with shifting reference as well as proper names and category names referring to the speaker and addressee as expressions with stable reference were found and analysed. Simple regression analysis testing was conducted on the data. Results. The results confirm the hypothesis, showing an increase in the first and second person singular pronouns and verb marking over time, at the expense of proper names and category names referring to the speaker and the addressee. Study limitations. The study is limited by the size of the sample.

scholarly journals Peran Guru Madrasah dalam Menanaman Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Lingkungan Hidup Perspektif Pendidikan Islam (Studi Kasus di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 7 Keboan Jombang)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Auliyaaurohmah Auliyaaurohmah ◽  
Khoirul Umam
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Positive Behavior ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Research Show

The effort to preserve the beauty of the environment is an obligation for every social creature that lives on this earth. These efforts are carried out and planned so that every human being has a caring attitude and responsibility with the surrounding environment. In educational institutions the role of a teacher cannot be separated in the educational process. To realize students as quality resources cannot be separated from the environment. This article intends to explain about environmental education in Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 7 Jombang. With a qualitative case study approach, this research was carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the discussion from the research show that, in the implementation of their roles and participation in forming and increasing environmental awareness by teachers, students are well implemented. Most of them have a caring attitude to their environment, which is proven by their daily habits, which is to dispose of waste according to the space provided. It's just that for minorities who are still indifferent to the environment, support and encouragement from teachers need to be increased so that all madrasa residents, especially students, have positive behavior, be aware and care about the surrounding environmen

25-Year Trends in Stage-Specific Incidence Rates for Bladder Cancer in a Large Statewide Registry

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-451
Author(s):  
Justin Loloi ◽  
Yu-Kuan Lin ◽  
Fabian Camacho ◽  
Eugene Lengerich ◽  
Jay D. Raman
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
The State ◽  
Distant Disease ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
Study Interval ◽  
Trends Over Time ◽  
Over Time

BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer (BC) is a common genitourinary malignancy with over 80,000 new cases diagnosed annually and over 17,000 associated deaths. OBJECTIVE: We review 25-years of BC incidence (1993-2017) within the state of Pennsylvania to better define incidence, geographic distribution, and trends over time. METHODS: The Pennsylvania Cancer Registry was reviewed for statewide and component county age-adjusted BC incidence rates and stage distribution. Chloropleth maps plotting statewide and county-specific incidence rates across time were created using the GeoDa statistical package. RESULTS: 93,476 cases of BC were recorded in Pennsylvania from 1993 to 2017. Age-adjusted annual rates of BC over the study interval were stable at 24.5 patients per 100,000 (range, 22.7–25.6). However, annual rates of distant disease increased from 0.5 to 1.1 patients per 100,000 (p < 0.001) with an average percent change increase of 6.6% over the study interval. The annual percent distribution of distant disease doubled from 2.3% to 5.1% (p < 0.001) with a greater increase in women compared to men. Chloropleth maps highlighted growing “hot spots” of bladder cancer incidence in the northwestern, northeastern, and southeastern portions of the state. CONCLUSIONS: While BC incidence in the state of Pennsylvania has remained relatively stable over the past 25 years, a concerning increase in distant disease was observed. Geospatial investigation implicates higher risk regions. Further studies are necessary to delineate the underlying etiologies for these observations.

A Methodology for Evaluating the Environmental Trade-Offs for Different Travel and Information Communication Technologies (ICT) Options

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney E. Grosvenor ◽  
Melissa C. Lott ◽  
Michael E. Webber
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Conversion Technologies ◽  
Travel Distances

The impacts of the U.S. transportation and electricity generation sectors include air emissions and water consumption. Information and communication technologies (ICT) such as advanced video teleconferencing have the potential to displace some activities that have historically required transportation. While ICT can reduce environmental impacts compared to transportation options in many cases, there are non-obvious environmental trade-offs associated with replacing transportation with ICT. These tradeoffs are the consequence of many factors, including the particular local electricity mix, meeting duration, number of meeting participants, travel distances, travel modes, motive transport conversion technologies, and transport fuels. Identifying and quantifying these trade-offs is the focus of this research. For this study, a nomenclature and methodology were developed to compare environmental trade-offs associated with transportation and ICT. The nomenclature was designed to facilitate side-by-side comparison of the environmental impacts of travel and ICT and to allow expansion of the nomenclature for future study. The methodology considered a variety of conversion technologies for motive transport including spark-ignition, compression-ignition, fuel cells, and electric motors. Both conventional and developing fuels were considered including gasoline, ethanol, diesel, biodiesel, natural gas, hydrogen, and electricity. Likewise, electricity consumption for ICT included both traditional and developing electricity generation technologies. Carbon dioxide emissions and water consumption for ICT were assessed for comparison with transportation in a case study that demonstrated use of this methodology by considering three distinct scenarios for a particular business meeting: 1. Two meeting attendees travel to the meeting by diesel city bus while two travel in a private vehicle. 2. All four meeting attendees travel by private vehicle powered by compressed natural gas. 3. The four meeting attendees do not travel, but instead meet their clients virtually via ICT. The case study analyzed in this manuscript considers only the water and carbon dioxide impacts, but the nomenclature developed allows future expansion for analysis of other greenhouse gases. The three scenarios revealed that, compared to short travel distances, use of ICT does not always generate fewer carbon dioxide emissions. Depending on the mode of electricity generation, travel proved to be preferable from an emissions standpoint for scenarios in which travel distances were small. However, in cases that required long distances to travel, ICT often allowed businesses and individuals to reduce their environmental impacts, especially if electric power generation in that location utilized large amounts of relatively low-emissions technologies such as hydroelectric dams, wind, solar, and nuclear. Finally, it should be noted that, in addition to comparing ICT and travel impacts, this methodology can be used to calculate the environmental tradeoffs of various transportation options when travel is a necessity.

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