scholarly journals The effects of favouring lower alcohol content beverages: Four examples from Finland

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esa Österberg
Keyword(s):  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
Liquor Stores ◽  
Lower Alcohol ◽  
Identity Card

Aims This paper studies the possibility of substituting the consumption of one alcoholic beverage category for another by changing alcohol control measures. It examines four Finnish examples: the waiving in 1952 of the requirement to show a special identity card issued by the alcohol monopoly Alko for buying fortifed wines; again binding the sales of fortifed wines to Alko's identity card in 1958; a 1960s alcohol price policy favouring wines and beer over vodka; and the change in alcohol legislation in 1968, which allowed selling medium beer in grocery stores but left the off-premise sales of all stronger alcoholic beverages to Alko's liquor stores. Data Data on recorded consumption of alcoholic beverages in terms of 100 per cent alcohol per capita according to beverage categories will be used together with the numbers of arrests for drunkenness according to beverage categories as well as different data sources on changes in alcohol control measures. Results & Conclusions The four examples from Finland show that strong alcoholic beverages can be substituted for lighter drinks, but this seems to work especially when the lighter beverages can be used for the same purposes as the stronger ones. It is much more difficult to persuade consumers to substitute strong alcoholic beverages for light ones by changing relative alcohol availability or by adjusting prices, if the consumers also have to change their drinking habits by, for instance, substituting binging with vodka for drinking light wines with meals. The Finnish examples also make it clear that changing from one beverage category to another does not automatically result in changing the way to use alcoholic beverages or the drinking habits themselves.

Alcoholic Beverage Laws and Enforcement

2020 ◽  
pp. 345-354
Author(s):  
Danny M. Adkison ◽  
Lisa McNair Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Strict Regulation ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter looks at Article XXVIII-A of the Oklahoma constitution, which greatly loosens Oklahoma’s previously tight, conservative grip on the use and distribution of alcoholic beverages. Section 1 sets out the definition of alcohol in a self-explanatory way: “All beverages that contain alcohol, unless otherwise defined by law, shall be considered alcoholic beverages by this state and therefore governed by this Article and all other applicable laws.” Section 2 states that “the Legislature shall enact laws providing for the strict regulation, control, licensing and taxation of the manufacture, sale, distribution, possession, transportation and consumption of alcoholic beverages, consistent with the provisions of this Article.” Under the old law, Oklahoma citizens could not receive direct shipments of wine; this change in law allows the legislature to authorize direct shipments to consumers of wine. Additionally, grocery stores and other retail locations are allowed to sell wine and beer under this article, which previously was not the case. Section 3 directs the legislature to create licenses for the sale of alcoholic beverages to consumers for consumption off the premises. However, Section 5 prohibits the sale of alcoholic beverage to a person under twenty-one years of age, and to insane, mentally deficient, or intoxicated persons. Section 7 deals with the taxation of alcoholic beverages

Allowing wine and strong beer in grocery stores: the tale of Tennessee

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Maisch ◽  
Mihai Nica ◽  
Jeremy David Oller
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Beverage Consumption ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Excise Taxes

Purpose This study aims to examine whether the introduction of wine or regular strength beer (B) sales in Tennessee grocery stores significantly increased the number of alcoholic beverages (AB) consumed or excise taxes collected in the state. Design/methodology/approach This study uses both a time series and a model-based approach to assess if a significant change in alcoholic beverage excise tax collections occurred after the natural experiment. The study evaluates monthly tax collections from B, mixed drinks and AB between January 1968 and September 2018 published by the Tennessee Department of Revenue. Findings The findings suggest that neither alcoholic beverage consumption nor excise taxes collected increased substantially in Tennessee as a result of the introduction of wine and regular strength B in grocery stores. It is likely, however, that some changes inside the industry were significant. Originality/value This study assists policymakers and analysts in determining whether allowing the sale of wine and regular strength B in grocery stores will have a substantial impact on the total amount of AB consumed or excise taxes collected by the jurisdiction.

Toward a Comparative Analysis of State Alcohol-Control Systems: The Triadic Model

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lawrence Schrad
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
Private Profit ◽  
Triadic Model

Given the particular dynamics associated with alcohol-control systems across national and temporal contexts, there exists a tremendous potential for studying alcohol-control systems in a comparative context. This can best be done by analyzing the interplay of the effects of particular alcohol-control measures on three sectors: public health and social order, private profit, and government revenue. The article develops a new, zero-sum model to facilitate such analysis by permitting a greater comparative analysis of alcohol-control systems in the abstract. A triadic model depicts the benefits to these three potential recipients of the state-regulated trade in alcoholic beverages and other controlled substances, and describes how particular initiatives may sway the balance toward or away from each of the players. The model has the potential to widen understanding of how legislation and social action affect the benefits of the alcohol trade in a controlled environment, and it may provide a useful framework for future research.

Alcohol Consumption by Older Adults in Central and Southern Japan

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumi Hirayama ◽  
Andy H. Lee ◽  
Colin W. Binns ◽  
Chikako Okumura ◽  
Sokatsu Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
Southern Japan ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Japanese Older Adults

This study ascertained the level of alcohol intake and alcoholic beverages consumed by Japanese older adults. Persons aged 55 to 75 years residing in central and southern Japan were recruited and interviewed face-to-face on their habitual alcohol consumption. Among the 577 (359 men and 218 women) participants from 10 districts/prefectures, 60.5% (75.5% for men and 35.7% for women) regularly drank alcoholic beverages on at least a monthly basis. Beer was the most preferred beverage (45.2%), followed by shochu (19.8%) and sake (16.1%). The mean alcohol consumption was 22.2 g/day (95% confidence interval 19.3-25.2) overall, but drinkers had a much higher mean intake of 36.6 g/day (95% CI 32.4-40.8). Moreover, it is alarming that 25.5% of male drinkers were heavy drinkers consuming more than 60 g of alcohol on average per day. Alcohol control measures should be developed to curtail the excessive drinking by older adults.

A scale of formal alcohol control policy in 15 European countries

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 117-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Karlsson ◽  
Esa Österberg
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
High Alcohol ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
The One

Thomas Karlsson & Esa Österberg: A scale of formal alcohol control policy in 15 European countries As part of the alcohol control policy analysis of the ECAS project, this article reviews and discusses previous attempts to measure the strictness of alcohol control policies and to conduct a similar analysis in the ECAS countries. Based on the knowledge gathered from previous studies, we have created a scale of our own to measure the strictness of alcohol control policies and have applied it to the countries included in the ECAS project. The scales reviewed in this article and the scale we have constructed only measure the strictness of formal alcohol control. Drawing on the results of the ECAS scale, it seems that formal alcohol control in the EU member states has become stricter during the second half of the twentieth century. In the 1950s only three of the 15 countries were classified as having “high alcohol control”. In the year 2000 the number of high alcohol control countries had increased to six. The number of countries with low alcohol control had decreased from nine to zero between 1950 and 2000. Comparing the scores in the different countries or the average scores in all the ECAS countries over time is, however, problematic because the changes in these numbers reflect two different trends. On the one hand, there has been a decrease in the control of production and sales of alcoholic beverages or the regulation on alcohol availability. On the other hand, alcohol control measures targeted at demand or alcohol-related problems have become more prevalent. This means that alcohol control policies have become more similar in the ECAS countries in the second half of the twentieth century. Because of the limitations of the scale, however, we have to make certain reservations about the results and be very careful not to draw too far-reaching conclusions based solely on the results and rankings on the ECAS scale or any other scale for that matter. The scale and the results should therefore be considered as yet another attempt to quantify and rank alcohol control policies according to their strictness and not as an attempt to provide a perfect solution to a mission impossible.

scholarly journals How to Habits of Drinking Alcohol "SOPI" in Community?- Dental Caries Status

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quroti Ayun ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
The People ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
The Status

Dental and oral health problems in the people of East Nusa Tenggara Province are in the high category. The people of Coal Village have a habit of drinking sopi, a traditional alcoholic beverage. Frequently drinking alcoholic beverages for long duration has a negative risk to the oral health. Sopi is one of the traditional alcoholic beverages, fermented from Enau (palm) tree plants. The purpose of this research is relationship between the habits of drinking sopi and the status of dental caries. Method: This is a research of Analytical Survey. This research was conducted in November to December 2019. The population on this research was the society of sopi drinkers. The total sampling was 76 people. The data collecting of the sopi drinking habits was carried out by completing the checklists; the data of the dental caries status was obtained by direct examinations. The data analysis used the test of Kendall’s Tau c. Results: The duration of drinking sopi was classified in the old category (93,4%); the frequency of drinking sopi was classified in the frequent category (63,2%); the volume of the drunk sopi was classified in the lots category (61,8%); the habits of drinking sopi was classified in the heavy category (93.4%); and the dental caries status was classified in the high criterion (52,6%). Based on the correlation test results, that there was no relationship between the time duration, frequency, volume, and the habits of drinking sopi with the status of dental caries (P < 0,05). Conclusion: There was no relationship between the habits of drinking sopi and the status of dental caries.

Epidemiologic Approach of Alcoholic Drinks in Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolle Laure Matene Fongang
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Chronic Effects ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
The City ◽  
Acute And Chronic Effects

Introduction and objective: This work aimed to evaluate the preference and effective consumption of the populations of Cameroon as looks alcoholic beverages sell on the Cameroon. Methods: This epidemiological study related to 7946 adult subjects including 6,908 men and 1,038 women, who were left again in four groups: alcoholics (n=307), the city-dwellers (n=4.313), the rural ones (n=867) and students (n=2459). Results: The results of this investigation indicate that the artisanal alcoholic beverages are preferred than consumed; conversely, the industrial alcoholic beverages are preferred than consumed. The beer remains the alcoholic most appreciated and the most consummate drink. A significant result is that the alcohol consumption is higher at the man compared to the women; however, these last have relatively high alcohol consumption. Also, the rural ones have the greatest rate of alcohol consumption (primarily the beer). The city dwellers and the students have the same tendencies to prefer and consume more beer. Conclusion: With regard to the particular case of beer, we observe that his consumption lowered, certainly because of new industrial liquor conditioning, on the market. However, beer remains the alcoholic beverage more consumed by the chronic alcoholics. Recommendations and perspectives: Studies need to be systematically Nationally undertaken in order to surveys on the consumption of beverages artisanal alcoholics sold in Cameroon, to study the chemical composition of these different craft beverages and to assess the acute and chronic effects of their consumption on functioning brains. In the meantime, information campaigns need to take into account amounts of alcohol to be consumed and drinking habits in the different parts of the country because, although alcohol often has connotations pleasure and sociability, its harmful consequences are very diverse. Help identify the various problems associated with certain artisanal manufactures information campaigns must take into account problems of commodities, such as tobacco use, psychotropic products, opiates and derivatives, for the prevention of addictive behaviors to alcohol.

scholarly journals Potential impact of minimum unit pricing on advertised alcoholic beverage prices

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan K. Noel
Keyword(s):  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Unit Price ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Standard Drink ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Unit Pricing ◽  
Alcohol Prices

The current study sought to determine the potential effect of a minimum unit price policy on advertised prices for alcoholic beverages at an off-premise outlet. A free, weekly circular was monitored for advertised alcohol prices from July 2017 to June 2018. For each advertised price, the number of standard drinks per purchase, the price per standard drink, and the frequency of prices that would increase under a MUP policy similar to Scotland’s was determined. There was an inverse correlation between the number of standard drinks per purchase and the advertised price per standard drink for beer/malt beverages (r = -0.76, p &lt; 0.001) and wine (r = -0.42, p &lt; 0.001), which would be eliminated under MUP. Under MUP, 59.8% of advertised prices for beer/malt beverages would increase. Implementation of MUP may significantly impact beer and malt beverage prices in the off-premise location monitored in the study.

Exploring the Nexus between Online Alcohol Posters and Alcohol Drinking among Kenya’s Higher Vocational College students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Malechwanzi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Drinking ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Vocational College ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Higher Vocational College ◽  
Unrestricted Access

Alcohol drinking among young people is a major global public health concern. The situation has been aggravated further by the advent of the internet and subsequent development of social media as a tool for online alcohol marketing. Measures that aim at reducing substance abuse is a stride towards “2030 Agenda” for sustainable development goal number 3 set by the United Nation General Assembly. In this goal, attention is not only drawn to health and wellbeing but also to prevention and treatment of substance abuse. This descriptive study sought to find out the prevalence of alcohol advertisements on social media and its possible influence on alcohol drinking among Kenya’s higher vocational college students. Based on a field survey conducted in Nairobi (n=209), this study established that there was heavy presence of alcohol advertisements on social media scene in Kenya. Although statistically, there was huge gender disparity, the final results showed that there was significant association between alcohol ads on social media and college student’s possible alcohol drinking habits. This study concludes that there was heavy presence of alcohol ads on social media, and the likelihood of youth having unrestricted access to the alcoholic beverage products. This could have a far-reaching implication on their alcohol drinking habits. Therefore, the study recommends the stakeholders in public health promotions to formulate policies aimed at mitigating against the challenges posed by unrestricted access to online alcohol ads by the youth in order to prevent them from being lured into early alcohol drinking by the alcoholic beverage makers.　 Keywords: Alcohol abuse; Influence; Online ads; Youth; Kenya

scholarly journals Polyphenol-Rich and Alcoholic Beverages and Metabolic Status in Adults Living in Sicily, Southern Italy

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Micek ◽  
Justyna Godos ◽  
Achille Cernigliaro ◽  
Raffaele Ivan Cincione ◽  
Silvio Buscemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Beverage Consumption

Polyphenol-rich beverage consumption is not univocally accepted as a risk modulator for cardio-metabolic risk factors, despite mechanistic and epidemiological evidence suggesting otherwise. The aim of this study was to assess whether an association between polyphenol-rich beverage consumption and metabolic status could be observed in a Mediterranean cohort with relatively low intake of tea, coffee, red and white wine, beer, and fresh citrus juice. Demographic and dietary characteristics of 2044 adults living in southern Italy were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the association between polyphenol-rich and alcoholic beverage consumption and metabolic status adjusted for potential confounding factors. Specific polyphenol-rich beverages were associated, to a various extent, with metabolic outcomes. Individuals with a higher total polyphenol-rich beverages had higher polyphenols intake and were less likely to have hypertension, type-2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.44–0.73; OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.26–0.66; and OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.29–0.57, respectively). However, when adjusted for potential confounding factors, only the association with hypertension remained significant (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.50–0.94). Current scientific evidence suggests that such beverages may play a role on cardio-metabolic risk factors, especially when consumed within the context of a dietary pattern characterized by an intake of a plurality of them. However, these associations might be mediated by an overall healthier lifestyle.

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