Alcohol Consumption by Older Adults in Central and Southern Japan

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumi Hirayama ◽  
Andy H. Lee ◽  
Colin W. Binns ◽  
Chikako Okumura ◽  
Sokatsu Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
Southern Japan ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Japanese Older Adults

This study ascertained the level of alcohol intake and alcoholic beverages consumed by Japanese older adults. Persons aged 55 to 75 years residing in central and southern Japan were recruited and interviewed face-to-face on their habitual alcohol consumption. Among the 577 (359 men and 218 women) participants from 10 districts/prefectures, 60.5% (75.5% for men and 35.7% for women) regularly drank alcoholic beverages on at least a monthly basis. Beer was the most preferred beverage (45.2%), followed by shochu (19.8%) and sake (16.1%). The mean alcohol consumption was 22.2 g/day (95% confidence interval 19.3-25.2) overall, but drinkers had a much higher mean intake of 36.6 g/day (95% CI 32.4-40.8). Moreover, it is alarming that 25.5% of male drinkers were heavy drinkers consuming more than 60 g of alcohol on average per day. Alcohol control measures should be developed to curtail the excessive drinking by older adults.

scholarly journals The effects of favouring lower alcohol content beverages: Four examples from Finland

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esa Österberg
Keyword(s):  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
Liquor Stores ◽  
Lower Alcohol ◽  
Identity Card

Aims This paper studies the possibility of substituting the consumption of one alcoholic beverage category for another by changing alcohol control measures. It examines four Finnish examples: the waiving in 1952 of the requirement to show a special identity card issued by the alcohol monopoly Alko for buying fortifed wines; again binding the sales of fortifed wines to Alko's identity card in 1958; a 1960s alcohol price policy favouring wines and beer over vodka; and the change in alcohol legislation in 1968, which allowed selling medium beer in grocery stores but left the off-premise sales of all stronger alcoholic beverages to Alko's liquor stores. Data Data on recorded consumption of alcoholic beverages in terms of 100 per cent alcohol per capita according to beverage categories will be used together with the numbers of arrests for drunkenness according to beverage categories as well as different data sources on changes in alcohol control measures. Results & Conclusions The four examples from Finland show that strong alcoholic beverages can be substituted for lighter drinks, but this seems to work especially when the lighter beverages can be used for the same purposes as the stronger ones. It is much more difficult to persuade consumers to substitute strong alcoholic beverages for light ones by changing relative alcohol availability or by adjusting prices, if the consumers also have to change their drinking habits by, for instance, substituting binging with vodka for drinking light wines with meals. The Finnish examples also make it clear that changing from one beverage category to another does not automatically result in changing the way to use alcoholic beverages or the drinking habits themselves.

scholarly journals Alcohol consumption/dependence and resilience in older adults with high blood pressure

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Alves dos Santos Dullius ◽  
Silvana Maria Coelho Leite Fava ◽  
Patrícia Mônica Ribeiro ◽  
Fábio de Souza Terra
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate alcohol consumption/dependence and resilience in older adults with high blood pressure and to analyze the factors associated with these variables. Method: a descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative study developed with 300 older adult patients with high blood pressure from Family Health Strategy units in a municipality of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A semi-structured questionnaire called the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test and the Resilience Scale were used. Data were analyzed using the Pearson’s chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, Cronbach’s alpha, odds ratio and logistic regression. Results: 89.3% of the interviewees were low-risk for consuming alcoholic beverages. The variables gender, age, smoking and disease duration were significantly associated with alcohol consumption/dependence. 36.7% of the people presented a low resilience. The variables family and individual monthly income, education level, physical activity and leisure had an association with resilience. No statistically significant association was observed between alcohol consumption/dependence and resilience. Conclusion: alcohol consumption and resilience can interfere with the physical and mental health of older adults with high blood pressure.

Toward a Comparative Analysis of State Alcohol-Control Systems: The Triadic Model

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lawrence Schrad
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
Private Profit ◽  
Triadic Model

Given the particular dynamics associated with alcohol-control systems across national and temporal contexts, there exists a tremendous potential for studying alcohol-control systems in a comparative context. This can best be done by analyzing the interplay of the effects of particular alcohol-control measures on three sectors: public health and social order, private profit, and government revenue. The article develops a new, zero-sum model to facilitate such analysis by permitting a greater comparative analysis of alcohol-control systems in the abstract. A triadic model depicts the benefits to these three potential recipients of the state-regulated trade in alcoholic beverages and other controlled substances, and describes how particular initiatives may sway the balance toward or away from each of the players. The model has the potential to widen understanding of how legislation and social action affect the benefits of the alcohol trade in a controlled environment, and it may provide a useful framework for future research.

A scale of formal alcohol control policy in 15 European countries

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 117-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Karlsson ◽  
Esa Österberg
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
High Alcohol ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
The One

Thomas Karlsson & Esa Österberg: A scale of formal alcohol control policy in 15 European countries As part of the alcohol control policy analysis of the ECAS project, this article reviews and discusses previous attempts to measure the strictness of alcohol control policies and to conduct a similar analysis in the ECAS countries. Based on the knowledge gathered from previous studies, we have created a scale of our own to measure the strictness of alcohol control policies and have applied it to the countries included in the ECAS project. The scales reviewed in this article and the scale we have constructed only measure the strictness of formal alcohol control. Drawing on the results of the ECAS scale, it seems that formal alcohol control in the EU member states has become stricter during the second half of the twentieth century. In the 1950s only three of the 15 countries were classified as having “high alcohol control”. In the year 2000 the number of high alcohol control countries had increased to six. The number of countries with low alcohol control had decreased from nine to zero between 1950 and 2000. Comparing the scores in the different countries or the average scores in all the ECAS countries over time is, however, problematic because the changes in these numbers reflect two different trends. On the one hand, there has been a decrease in the control of production and sales of alcoholic beverages or the regulation on alcohol availability. On the other hand, alcohol control measures targeted at demand or alcohol-related problems have become more prevalent. This means that alcohol control policies have become more similar in the ECAS countries in the second half of the twentieth century. Because of the limitations of the scale, however, we have to make certain reservations about the results and be very careful not to draw too far-reaching conclusions based solely on the results and rankings on the ECAS scale or any other scale for that matter. The scale and the results should therefore be considered as yet another attempt to quantify and rank alcohol control policies according to their strictness and not as an attempt to provide a perfect solution to a mission impossible.

scholarly journals Implementation of an educational module on nosocomial infection control measures: a randomised hospital-based trial

BMC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamil Ghaleb Alrubaiee ◽  
Anisah Baharom ◽  
Ibrahim Faisal ◽  
Hayati Kadir Shahar ◽  
Shaffe Mohd Daud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Hard Copy ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Educational Module ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Service Training ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Previous cross-sectional studies have reported limited knowledge and practices among nurses regarding controlling nosocomial infections (NIs). Even though health institutions offer many irregular in-service training courses to solve such issues, a three year-nursing educational programme at institutions is not adequate to enable nurses to handle NIs. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the implementation of an educational module on NIs control measures among Yemeni nurses. Methods A single-blinded randomised hospital-based trial was undertaken involving 540 nurses assigned to two intervention groups and a waitlist group. Intervention group-1 received a face-to-face training course comprising 20 h spread over six weeks and a hard copy of the module, while intervention group-2 only received the hard copy of the module “without training”. In contrast, the waitlist group did not receive anything during the period of collecting data. A self-administered NI control measures-evaluation questionnaire was utilised in collecting the data from the participants; before the intervention, at six weeks and 3 months after the end of the intervention. The period of data collection was between 1st May and 30th October 2016. Results The results from collecting and analysing the data showed a statistically significant difference in the mean knowledge scores between the intervention groups that were detectable immediately post-intervention with a mean difference (MD) of 4.31 (P < 0.001) and 3 months after the end of the intervention (MD = 4.48, P < 0.001) as compared to the waitlist group. Similarly, the results showed a statistically significant difference in the mean practice scores between the intervention groups immediately post-intervention (MD = 2.74, P < 0.001) and 3 months after the intervention (MD = 2.46, P < 0.001) as compared to the waitlist group. Intervention-1 (face-to-face training + module) was more effective than intervention-2 (module only) in improving Yemeni nurses’ knowledge and practices regarding NI control measures compared to the waitlist group. Conclusion The findings of this study found that intervention-1 could be offered to nurses in the form of an in-service training course every six months. The NI course should also be included in nursing curricula, particularly for the three-year-nursing diploma in Yemen. Trial registration Nosocomial infection educational module for nurses ISRCTN19992640, 20/6/2017. The study protocol was retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Health Literacy among Non-Familial Caregivers of Older Adults: A Study Conducted in Tuscany (Italy)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guglielmo Bonaccorsi ◽  
Francesca Pieralli ◽  
Maddalena Innocenti ◽  
Chiara Milani ◽  
Marco Del Riccio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Job Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Familial Support ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Familial Caregivers

Many older adults who live at home depend on a caregiver. When familial support cannot provide the necessary care, paid caregivers are frequently hired. Health literacy (HL) is the knowledge and competence required of people to meet the complex demands of health in modern society. The aim of this study is to assess the HL level of paid non-familial caregivers who were enrolled through two different sources: from the homes of assisted people in two Tuscan health districts (first sample) and during job interviews in a home care agency operating in Florence (second sample). The two different recruitment contexts allow us to provide a broader view of the phenomenon, presenting a picture of the HL level of those who are already working and those who are looking for a new job in this field. One-on-one face-to-face interviews, which include the administration of the Newest Vital Sign (NVS) to measure HL, were conducted. Recruitment resulted in 84 caregivers in the first sample and 68 in the second sample. In the first sample, the mean age was 51.2 ± 9 years; 94% of the participants were women. A high likelihood or likelihood of inadequate HL (i.e., a low level of HL) was found in 73.8% of cases. In the second sample, the mean age was 43.7 ± 11.5 years; 83.8% of the participants were women, and 80.9% had a low level of HL. In both samples, HL was statistically associated with the level of understanding of the Italian language. In conclusion, inadequate HL is an under-recognized problem among non-familial caregivers. Educational programs that aim to increase HL skills could be an effective approach to improving the qualification of informal healthcare professionals.

scholarly journals Barriers to the Implementation of Alcohol Policies in Jayapura City

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Rahel Violin Kamisorei ◽  
Mochammad Bagus Qomaruddin ◽  
Shrimarti Rukmini Devy ◽  
Amer Siddiq Amer Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Instrumental Case Study ◽  
Alcohol Policies ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
Drug Agency ◽  
Lack Of Commitment ◽  
Integrated Team

Background: Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) in 2018 found as many as 15 provinces out of 35 provinces had a prevalence of alcohol consumption above the national prevalence, and Papua was reportedly in the top 15 of the prevalence of high alcohol consumption (alcohol) as much as 4.6%. Objective: To describe the obstacles to the implementation of local government policies in curbing the circulation of alcohol in Jayapura City. Method: This is a descriptive study using a qualitative single instrumental case study design in Jayapura City from May to September 2020. Purposive sampling technique was employed to determine participants who consisted of an integrated team of alcohol control and supervision (n =6). Data collection was using in-depth interviews and non-participant observation. Result: Communication between the integrated team was not optimal. National Food and Drug Agency (BPOM) had not routinely conducted sample tests as the majority of traditional alcoholic beverages sold in shops such as local liquors were illegal. The division of duties and responsibilities by the integrated team was good, but the execution in the field was not as agreed upon. There were alcohol traders who have not applied for licenses to sell alcohol because the process to get license permits was too complicated. The content of Perda No.8 of 2014 weakened the police because they could not give punishment like Satpol PP, however, Satpol PP did not have an investigating team. Conclusion: The lack of commitment from the control and supervision team of alcohol circulation in carrying out their duties. The resources involved were lacking. Coordination among the integrated teams was not going well thus the division of tasks and authorities with implementation actions in the field did not work according to the policy enforce in Jayapura City. Evaluation of work programs by policy implementers could be carried out to increase the success of implementation.

The World Health Organization's Global Alcohol Database: Opportunities for Research and Support for Policy

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 589-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Gliksman ◽  
Margaret Rylett
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Information ◽  
Alcohol Production ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Related Harm ◽  
Related Mortality

Since its inception in 1997, the Global Alcohol Database (GAD) has undergone several iterations and brings together information on a number of topics across countries: alcohol and health situations; consequences of alcohol consumption; trends in alcohol use and related mortality; alcohol production; trade; health effects; and national alcohol control measures and policies. Efforts have been made to make this database compatible with the World Health Organization (WHO) International Guide for Monitoring Alcohol Consumption and Related Harm. A set of indicators was chosen that assesses the most important aspects of the alcohol situation in WHO Member States as they relate to public health. The indicators are grouped into seven broad categories: alcohol production and availability; levels of consumption; patterns of consumption; harms and consequences; economic aspects; alcohol control policies; and prevention, treatment and drinking guidelines. Contents of the GAD are available on the WHO's Global Information on Alcohol and Health Web site.

Response Rates in Online Surveys With Affective Disorder Participants

2020 ◽  
Vol 228 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Burgard ◽  
Michael Bošnjak ◽  
Nadine Wedderhoff
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Contact Mode ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Survey Participation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
E Mail

Abstract. A meta-analysis was performed to determine whether response rates to online psychology surveys have decreased over time and the effect of specific design characteristics (contact mode, burden of participation, and incentives) on response rates. The meta-analysis is restricted to samples of adults with depression or general anxiety disorder. Time and study design effects are tested using mixed-effects meta-regressions as implemented in the metafor package in R. The mean response rate of the 20 studies fulfilling our meta-analytic inclusion criteria is approximately 43%. Response rates are lower in more recently conducted surveys and in surveys employing longer questionnaires. Furthermore, we found that personal invitations, for example, via telephone or face-to-face contacts, yielded higher response rates compared to e-mail invitations. As predicted by sensitivity reinforcement theory, no effect of incentives on survey participation in this specific group (scoring high on neuroticism) could be observed.

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