scholarly journals Continuous Modification of Cast Iron By the FLORET Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
A. Hanus ◽  
P. Hanusová
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Operational Tests ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

Abstract Increasing demands on the utility properties of materials used for castings have led to the production of cast iron with a modified shape of graphite, where the required properties are achieved by a change in graphite shape, its size and layout, and a change in the basic structure of the metal. This paper is focused on the continuous method of producing spheroidal graphite FLOTRET. In the introductory section is summarized the theoretical foundations of the secondary treatment of cast irons, especially the FLOTRET flow method, describes the advantages and disadvantages of the method. The practical part is divided into laboratory and operational tests. Laboratory experiments were conducted on a laboratory-type modifier FLOTRET chamber, which was designed and hydraulically optimized. Experiments were focused on the effects of pressure altitude and amount of modifier on the residual values of magnesium, as conditions for a successful modification. The method was tested in two foundries under operating conditions and in one of them was observed a long-term modification process.

Influence of Metallurgical Treatment on Properties of Ductile Cast Iron GJS 400-18 LT

2014 ◽  
Vol 635 ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
Marianna Bartošová ◽  
Alena Pribulová ◽  
Jozef Bibko ◽  
Peter Futáš
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Constructional Material ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Plastic Properties ◽  
Test Impact

Cast iron with spheroidal graphite is a very good constructional material. Production of castings from standard kinds of nodular cast irons is quite good managed, but manufacturing of mark GJS 400-18 LT with excelent strength and plastic properties by minus temperatures is complicated, because it reacts very sensitively on the changing of melting conditions and metallugical treatment. The contribution is focused on an observation of changing of structure and mechanical properties by different ways of metallurgical treatment. In operating conditions of foundry three series of melts were made. From every melt the mould with testing pieces „Y“ with dimensions 25 x 40 x 140 mm was poured. Tensile test, impact test and metalographic analyse were realized on the test samples.

ISO 185/JL/350

Alloy Digest ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Gray Cast ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Test Pieces

Abstract ISO 185/JL/350 is a higher-tensile-strength gray cast iron that has a pearlitic matrix, and a tensile strength of 350–450 MPa (51–65 ksi), when determined on test pieces machined from separately cast, 30 mm (1.2 in.) diameter test bars. It provides a combination of high strength while still maintaining good thermal conductivity compared with other types of cast iron. This grade approaches the maximum tensile strength attainable in gray cast iron. Applications therefore tend to be confined to those where thermal conductivity requirements in service preclude the use of one of the other higher-strength materials such as spheroidal graphite cast irons, which have inferior thermal properties. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and tensile properties. It also includes information on wear resistance as well as casting and heat treating. Filing Code: CI-85. Producer or source: International Organization for Standardization.

Semisolid Forging of Cast Iron Using Rapid Resistance Heating

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 925-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seijiro Maki ◽  
Kazuhito Suzuki ◽  
Kenichiro Mori
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Pig Iron ◽  
Resistance Heating ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Ac Power ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron ◽  
Graphite Cast Iron

Feasibility of semisolid forging of cast iron using rapid resistance heating was experimentally investigated. Gray pig iron FC250 and spheroidal graphite cast iron FCD600, whose carbon equivalents are both 4.3% in mass, were used for the experiments. Since these cast irons have a narrow semisolid temperature range, an AC power supply with an input electric energy control function was used. In this study, the resistance heating characteristics of the cast irons were firstly examined, and then their semisolid forging experiments were conducted. In the forging experiments, the conditions of the forgings such as microstructures and hardness properties were examined, and the feasibility of the semisolid forging of cast iron using resistance heating was discussed. As a result, it was found that the method presented here is highly feasible.

scholarly journals Ausferritic (bainitic) cast iron: Harmonization of international standard ISO 17804 in application to the conditions of Belarus

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-72
Author(s):  
A. I. Pokrovskii ◽  
B. B. Khina ◽  
O. A. Tolkacheva
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
High Strength ◽  
State Committee ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
State Organizations

The experience of the Physico-technical Institute (PhTI) of the National Acdemy of Sciences of Belarus in the harmonization of international standard ISO 17804 (Founding – Ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons – Classification) and development of the Belorussian analogue STB ISO is described. The reasons for the choice of austempered ductile iron (ADI) as an object for standard harmonization are presented: it is the most promising cast iron in comparison with gray and classical ductile iron. The work procedure on harmonization is described: how to include the task into the State Plan on standardization, specificity of translation of the text, peculiarities of with state organizations responsible for approbation of standards such as Belorussian Institute for Standardization and Certification (BelGISS) and State Committee on Standards (Gosstandart), writing a summary of external reviews, working with critical comments from potential users. It is outlined that any foreign standard does not exists independently but is closely connected with at least 10 to 20 other standards. Thus, harmonization necessitates coordination with other standards and sometimes even with handbooks by adding annexes to the main text. The importance of a proper choice of the standard status is outlined: identical (ID) or modified (MOD). Developing an identical standard is prestigious but difficult because is requires harmonization of all the referenced standards, which is a very labor-consuming procedure. It is argued that the most suitable is ‘intermediate’ variant: adopting the authentic text of the international standard (in high-quality translation) but with annexes reflecting national specificity in this area. As a result, a harmonized standard is developed which, for the first time in Belarus, standardize the tensile strength of 800 MPa in combination with the elongation of 10 % and the tensile strength of 1400 MPa in combination with the elongation of 1 % for cast irons.The annual demand for ADI in Belarus is estimated as about 10,000 ton. It is shown that in Belarus, where about 60 industrial enterprises have a foundry and almost every engineering plant has a heat-treatment shop, austempered ductile cast (ADI), which features a high strength, can successfully compete with rolled steel in certain applications.

Investigation of the modification effect on performance properties of cast iron molds

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
V. A. Gulevskiy ◽  
◽  
S. N. Tsurikhin ◽  
V. V. Gulevskiy ◽  
N. Yu. Miroshkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Primary Aluminum ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Senior Lecturer ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Stress And Deformation ◽  
Consumable Electrodes

Research is devoted to the influence of the technological method of modifying gray cast iron for the manufacture of steel casting molds. Heavy operation imposes stringent requirements both on the design of molds and on the materials from which they are made. They reliably withstand the effects of steel poured into them, having a temperature of 1600–1700 °C, thermal shock, which is directly proportional to this temperature, as well as significant effects of cyclic thermal stress and deformation. Specific operating conditions of molds (high heating temperature, their installation on movable and stationary ditches, intensive traffic flows, etc.) complicate the necessary processes directly during their operation. Modeling geometric shapes on a scale of geometric similarity 1:10. Tests were carried out on molds cast from cast iron for consumable electrodes, modified with ferrosilicon (FS65 GOST 1415-93), primary aluminum A99 (GOST 11069-2001), vanadium slag (SHVD-1 TU14-11-178-86), FSB-30) and silicomishmetal (SIMISH-1). These modifiers were chosen for modification, as they are widely used in production. Thus, the conducted studies of the nature of the deformation of the walls of the molds and the stress-strain state on models made of gray and modified cast iron make it possible to assess the advantages and disadvantages of the resulting structure and shape of graphite. Further, the methods of the rational formula of the outer surface of profiled and sheet molds are used, having predetermined the nature of destruction in advance. The use of thin-walled used rational forms can significantly reduce their specific consumption. The study of the quality of the metal cast into the experimental curved outer surface showed that the macrostructure of the metal of the experimental and ordinary ingots is the same. The work was attended by N.V Markina, senior lecturer at the Dept. of Machines and Foundry Technology, Volgograd State Technical University.

scholarly journals Redistribution and Effect of Various Elements on the Morphology of Primary Graphite in Cast Iron

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lacaze ◽  
N. Valle ◽  
K. Theuwissen ◽  
J. Sertucha ◽  
B. El Adib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
Controlled Cooling ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Bulk Graphite ◽  
Distribution Of Elements ◽  
Graphite Growth ◽  
Secondary Ion

It has been shown repeatedly that many elements present as traces or at low level can affect graphite shape in cast irons. As part of a long term project aimed at clarifying the growth and the alteration of spheroidal graphite, a study on the effect of a few elements (Cu, Sn, Sb, and Ti) on primary graphite growth was undertaken and analysed with reference to an alloy without any such additions. This work was performed by remelting alloys in graphite crucibles thus saturating the melt in carbon and enabling primary graphite to grow by controlled cooling of the melt above the eutectic temperature. Primary graphite growth in the reference alloy was observed to be lamellar, while the added elements were found to affect bulk graphite and to modify its outer shape, with Sb leading eventually to rounded agglomerates together with wavy lamellae. Secondary ion mass spectrometry was used to analyze the distribution of elements, and no build-up of trace elements at the graphite surface could be observed. Instead, it is established that the perturbation of bulk graphite is associated with inhomogeneous distribution of metallic elements inside graphite precipitates.

Influence of Ca-Ba and Sr Base Inoculants on Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of Grey and Ductile Cast Irons

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhruv Patel ◽  
Devendra Parmar ◽  
Siddharthsinh Jadeja
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Primary Carbide ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Melt Temperature ◽  
Nodular Graphite

Microstructural adaptation of cast iron alloys by inoculation is a well-known practice to swell their mechanical properties. In foundries, several inoculants have been used to refine grain structure, and to obtain uniform distribution of graphite flakes. Inoculation is one of the most critical steps in cast iron production. The effectiveness of inoculants depends on melt temperature, method of addition, type of inoculants, and holding time. In this paper, the effect of Ca-based, Ba-based, Ca-Ba based and Sr-based inoculants on microstructure and tensile properties of grey cast iron IS-210 and spheroidal graphite iron IS-1862 is reported. Results showed both Ca and Ba based inoculants were effective in obtaining uniform distribution of flaky and nodular graphite in IS-210, and IS-1862 cast irons, respectively. But in a case of Sr-based inoculant were highly effective for increase the nodularity of SG cast iron as well as succeed supreme yield strength for both grey and ductile cast iron. The amounts of ferrite in the as-cast matrix are excess with controlled granulometry for elimination of primary carbide in Sr-based inoculant.

Effects of Nickel substitution by Manganese in Austenitic S.G. Cast Iron for Low-Temperature Uses

1984 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Poyet ◽  
P. Couchinave ◽  
P. I. Dancoisne
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Cast Material ◽  
Mechanical Tensile ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACTFor an economical purpose, an austenitic spheroidal graphite cast iron grade, containinq nickel-manganese, has been developed to replace Ni-Resist cast iron, type D2M, for cryogenic applications.Several tests were carried out to produce semi-industrial. heats of 200 kg so as to cast samples with a thickness ranging between 25 and 75 mm, and a variable nickel and manganese content. The resulting grades were compared each other and with Ni-Resist cast irons, before and after heat treatment, for their metallographic structure, their hardness, their mechanical tensile properties at room temperature and their impact values at temperatures down to - 150° C.The results show that it is possible to produce cast iron grades with 7 to 10 % manganese and 9 to 11 % nickel contents, featuring, at quenched state, better mechanical tensile properties at room temperature than Ni- Resist D2M with a 22–25 % Ni content, for roughly equivalent impact values at low temperatures. For as-cast material, the properties obtained vary with material thickness, and ductility is steeply decreasing for thicknesses under 30 mm.Weldability of Ni/Mn cast iron can be compared to Ni-Resist D2M weldability; machinability however seems more difficult, especially when boring quenched material.Generally speaking, the overall properties of these new grades and their lower cost-price if compared to Ni-Resist cast iron, should lead to promising outlets for low temperature uses and/or applications requiring high-level mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Testing of the physical and mechanical properties of cast iron with the help of IFMH-C device

2019 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
A. P. Kren ◽  
V. A. Rudnitsky ◽  
G. A. Lantsman ◽  
M. N. Delendik ◽  
N. V. Zinkevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Applied Physics ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Manufacturing Environments ◽  
Non Destructive

The possibility of the application of impact microindentation method for testing the physic and mechanical properties of cast iron using the IFMH-C instrument developed at the Institute of applied physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus was tested. It was established that the method and the instrument allow to estimate such parameters as Brinell hardness in the range of 100–500 HB, elastic modulus from 40 to 200 MPa, as well as to determine the tensile strength of the flake and spheroidal graphite cast irons. The possibility of using the instrument for non-destructive test directly of parts and products in the manufacturing environments is shown.

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