Seleksi Simultan Karakter Daun Mengering dan Produktivitas pada Galur-galur Padi

Drought is an important constraint for rice production in rainfed lowland and shallow freshwater swamp. The area often experiences drought stress at the generative stage of the plants. This study aimed at selecting adaptive lines to terminal drought and formulating a multiple regression model to estimate the productivity under drought stress conditions at the generative stage. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse of the Indonesian Center for Rice Research, Subang, West Java, using an augmented design with five blocks. The genetic material used was ninety-nine lines and four checks varieties, namely Inpari 30, Limboto, Salumpikit, and IR 20. The model was formulated using stepwise regression analysis. Based on this study, ten lines were adapted to drought stress at the generative stage, namely B13983E-KA-12-2, B13926E-KA-13, B13507E-MR-19, B14366E-KY-50, B14366E-KY-37, IR86384- 46-3-1-B, BP20452e-PWK-0-SKI-1-1, BP20452e-PWK-0-SKI-2-4, BP20452e-PWK-0-SKI-3-3, and BP29790d-PWK-3 -SKI-1-5. The B13507E-MR-19 had the highest productivity (4.02 ton ha-1) under drought stress conditions. Yield under drought stress in the greenhouse could be predicted using a linear regression model involving plant height at early vegetative stage, plant height up to the panicle, tiller number at early vegetative stage, tiller number at late vegetative stage, tiller number at flowering, heading time, number of filled grain, and panicle exsertion length. This model was able to explain 75.92% of yield variation. Potential rice lines and the regression model obtained are expected to contribute to the development of rice varieties adaptive to drought. Keywords: drought tolerant, freshwater swamp, rainfed, regression model

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Assessing Genetic Diversity of Rice Varieties under Drought Stress Conditions

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb315618 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 114-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Mina ABARSHAHR ◽

Babak RABIEI ◽

Habibollah SAMIZADEH LAHIGI

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Minimum Variance ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Productivity Index ◽

Stress Index ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Rice Varieties

In order to compare different rice genotypes grown under drought stress conditions a field experiment was conducted. In this study thirty different genotypes of native, breeded and upland cultivars were evaluated. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes in respect of all vegetative and morphological traits. Genotypes were devided into three groups by cluster analysis based on all studied traits with minimum variance method (Wards Method). The total average indicates significant differences among groups in respect of all morphological and physiological characteristics. In addition, eight drought stress tolerance indices including: sensitivity to stress index (SSI), drought response index (DRI), relative drought index (RDI), tolerance index (TOL), mean productivity index (MP), stress tolerance index (STI), geometric mean productivity index (GMP) and harmonic mean index (HM) were calculated according to their grain yield under drought stress and normal conditions. In general, results of this experimnet revealed that, among rice cultivars Domsephid, Deylamany, Hasansaraei, Sadri, Anbarboo and Domsiah had the highest sensitivity referring to drought stress and produced the lowest grain yield. Also, genotypes of IR24 (breeded of IRRI), Nemat, Sephidroud, Kadoos and Bejar (breeded of Iran) and Vandana, upland cultivar (originally from India) had the highest tolerance to drought stress and produced the highest grain yield. In conclusion, it was suggested that, these cultivars are suitable for drought stress conditions and are appropriate for hybridization with the aim of increasing drought tolerance.

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Pengaruh biostimulan terhadap toleransi kekeringan dan pertumbuhan tanaman tebu varietas Kidang Kencana di rumah kaca (Effect of biostimulants on drought tolerance and growth of sugarcane var. Kidang Kencana at green house)

E-Journal Menara Perkebunan ◽

10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v1i1.287 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dian Mutiara AMANAH ◽

Soekarno Mismana PUTRA

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Humic Acid ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Plant Height ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Sugar Yield ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Segment Number ◽

Increasing Demand

Increasing productivity and sugar yield of sugarcane are required to meet the increasing demand for sugar. Biostimulants application is one of the effort to increase the productivity and rendement of sugar, especially at drought stress conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of biostimulants on the performance of sugarcane var. Kidang Kencana known susceptible to drought stress. The research was conducted in the greenhouse with several biostimulant treatments i.e. P0: Control, P1: Citorin-R, P2: Citorin-R and Citorin-S (1x spray) P3: Citorin-R and Citorin -S (2x spray), P4: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (1x spray) and Humic Acid, P5: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (1x spray), Humic Acid and Mycorrhiza, P6: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (2x spray), Humic Acid and Mycorrhiza. All treatments were subjected with drought stress started from 4 months after planting. The biostimulant treatments resulted in better growth and yield on treated-biostimulan compared to these of control. The best treatment for the vegetative growth and the productive parameters was P6. The plant height, stems diameter, segment number, weight, and sap volume at P6 were respectively 32.2%, 5.5%, 24.0%, 53.2% and 44.7% higher than the control. The best treatment for the sugar yield was P5 and the productivity parameters was P6 respectively, 42.5% and 70.5% higher than the control. The best treatments contained Citorin biostimulant. Humic Acid and Mycorrhiza which increased growth and sugar yield of Kidang Kencana sugarcane at drought stress conditions.[Keywords: drought stress Kidang Kencana variety, plant biostimulant, productivity, sugar yield]. AbstrakPeningkatan produktivitas dan rendemen gula tanaman tebu diperlukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gula yang terus meningkat. Aplikasi biostimulan merupakan salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan rendemen gula khususnya pada kondisi tercekam kekeringan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian beberapa produk biostimulan terhadap produktivitas tanaman tebu varietas Kidang Kencana yang rentan cekaman kekeringan. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca dengan perlakuan beberapa perlakuan biostimulan pada tanaman tebu, yaitu P0: Kontrol, P1: Citorin-R, P2: Citorin-R dan Citorin-S (1x semprot) P3: Citorin-R dan Citorin-S (2x semprot), P4: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (1x semprot) dan Asam Humat, P5: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (1x semprot), Asam Humat dan Mikoriza, P6: Citorin-R, Citorin-S (2x semprot), Asam Humat dan Mikoriza. Seluruh perlakuan diberi kondisi cekaman kekeringan pada 4 bulan setelah tanam. Perlakuan biostimulan memberikan pengaruh serta hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kontrol baik fase vegetatif maupun produktif. Perlakuan terbaik selama fase vegetatif hingga 5 bulan setelah tanam adalah P6. Tinggi batang panen, diameter batang panen, jumlah ruas batang, bobot batang dan volume nira pada P6 meningkat 32,2%, 5,5%, 24,0%, 53,2% dan 44,7% lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Perlakuan terbaik untuk parameter rendemen gula adalah P5 dan produktivitas gula adalah P6, masing-masing 42,5% dan 70,5% lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol. Perlakuan terbaik tersebut mengandung komponen biostimulan yaitu Citorin, Asam Humat dan Mikoriza yang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan rendemen gula tanaman tebu Kidang Kencana pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan. [Kata kunci: cekaman kekeringan, varietas Kidang Kencana, biostimulan tanaman, produktivitas, rendemen gula].

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Water-efficient rice performances under drought stress conditions

AIMS Agriculture and Food ◽

10.3934/agrfood.2021051 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 838-863

Author(s):

Didi Darmadi ◽

◽

Ahmad Junaedi ◽

Didy Sopandie ◽

Supijatno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Root Anatomy ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

Sensitivity Index ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Use Efficiency

<abstract> <p>The use of varieties that are able to adapt well to extreme environments is one strategy to overcome the challenges of decreasing production in sub-optimal land. Indonesian tropical rice varieties (Jatiluhur, IPB 9G, IPB 3S, Hipa 19, Mentik Wangi, Ciherang, Inpari 17, and Mekongga) have been tested and established as water-used-efficient varieties in an optimal environment. However, to date, these varieties have not been examined in the suboptimal area, in particular, drought stress conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the adaptation response of production, morphological, and physiological character of several water-efficient rice varieties under drought stress in the field. The study was designed in a split-plot with two factors and 4 replications, where the first factor (main plot) was drought stress stages i.e. vegetative (Dv), reproductive (Dr), generative (Dg), and control (Dc). The second factor was rice varieties, consisting of eight varieties, i.e., Jatiluhur, IPB 3S, IPB 9G, Hipa 19, Mentik Wangi, Ciherang, Inpari 17, and Mekongga. The experiment was conducted from May to December 2018 in Muneng Kidul Village, Probolinggo Regency, East Java Province. The experimental variables were morphology, production, leaf scrolling score during drought stress, drought sensitivity index, water use efficiency, physiology and root anatomy. The result showed that upland rice varieties were more tolerant to drought stress and had a higher water use efficiency than lowland rice varieties. This shows that Jatiluhur and IPB 9G which are indicated to be adaptive to drought stress, and have the ability to regulate water use more efficiently when drought stress occurs. Therefore, water use efficiency could be used as selection characters under drought conditions in rice particularly tropical upland rice. Moreover, morphological characters, i.e., grain yiled per plot, weight of pithy grain, weight of shoot biomass and weight of roots could be the selection characters to predict drought tolerant tropical rice. According to physiological characters, photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, proline content, malondialdehyde content, leaf water potential and leaf greenness could be used as a selection tool to predict water use efficient genotypes in rice. However, further studies are needed to understand the complex mechanisms of water use efficiency by combining various approaches.</p> </abstract>

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Screening Gogo Rice Local Aceh Cultivars Drought Tolerant Under Polyetilene Glycol 6000

Jurnal Pertanian Tropik ◽

10.32734/jpt.v6i2.3152 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 200-210

Author(s):

Muhammad Syahril ◽

Syamsul Bahri ◽

Rhido Suhada

Keyword(s):

Drought Tolerance ◽

Plant Breeding ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Rice Production ◽

Breeding Program ◽

Vegetative Stage ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Plant Breeding Program ◽

Germination Stage

Efforts for increasing rice production nationally, it is necessary to increase the productivity of a land. Utilization of marginal lands like drought land potential to increase rice production nationally. One effort to utilize marginal land like dry land is the use of high-yielding drought tolerant varieties. Until now high-yielding drought tolerant varieties still relatively rare. For this reason, it is necessary to create high-yielding drought tolerant varieties from plant breeding program. One of the standard programs in plant breeding to create high-yielding drought tolerant varieties is provision of genetic material as parental. Local varieties gogo rice Drought-tolerant potential to be used as parental in the plant breeding program to create of high-yielding drought tolerant rice varieties. For this reason, it is necessary to test drought tolerance of local rice cultivars. The study used 10 cultivars exploration results in East Aceh Regency namely Gameso, Sibengkok, Ramos Gunung, Sidol, Sigedul, Rias Kuning, Rias putih, Sibontok, Serumu, and Sileso. Drought tolerance testing using PEG solution (Polyethylene Glycol) 6000 156. 75 g / liter of H2O which is equivalent to the osmotic potential of -3 BAR and aquades as control (0 BAR) an germination stage and early vegetative stage. The results of the study show that 10 cultivars tested in the germination stage, 6 cultivars were selected as drought tolerant cultivars. Furthermore, 6 cultivars tested in the early vegetative stage showed the ability to recover at day 35 and then at day 42 showed no symptoms of drought. 6 drought tolerant cultivars are Gameso, Ramos Gunung, Sigedul, Rias Kuning, Sibontok, and Sileso.

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The Combined Effect of Drought Stress and Nitrogen Fertilization on Soybean

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10030384 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 384

Author(s):

Oqba Basal ◽

András Szabó

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Plant Height ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Yield Component ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Irrigation Regimes ◽

Pod Number ◽

Plant Plant

Soybean is one of the most important crops worldwide; however, its production and produced seed quality are challenged by the increasingly reported drought waves because of its relative susceptibility to drought stress conditions. Nitrogen (N) is a major macronutrient that has distinctive influence on soybean, especially if applied in correct rates. Moreover, N has an additive importance under drought stress conditions. An experiment was carried out in Debrecen, Hungary in 2017, 2018, and 2019 to investigate the sole and the combined effects of N application under different irrigation regimes on soybean physiology, yield, and its components in addition to the quality of the produced yield. Results showed that the morpho-physiological traits, in addition to the yield component traits were influenced by both fertilization rates and irrigation regimes. Most importantly, high N rate is not recommended with the absence of drought conditions as, compared to low rate, it decreased flower and pod number per plant, plant height, and seed yield. On the other hand, high N rate enhanced most traits under drought stress conditions. 100-seed weight had the highest correlation with yield, followed by flower and pod number per plant, plant height, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI).

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Effect of Various Nutritional Resources on Phytochemical Traits of Some Rice Varieties Under Drought Stress Conditions

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture ◽

10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:2020.0020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 78 (2) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Jaber Mehdiniya AFRA ◽

Yousef NIKNEJAD ◽

Hormoz Fallah AMOLI ◽

Davood Barari TARI

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Humic Acid ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Stress Condition ◽

Block Design ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Mazandaran Province ◽

Rice Varieties

A split-plot factorial experiment with randomized complete block design with three replications was performed at Dasht-e-Naz company located in Sari city, the Mazandaran province, Iran, in 2016 and 2017. It aimed to study the phytochemical properties of rice cultivars using different nutrients (chemical, organic) under drought stress. Three levels of stress, including drought stress at the beginning of tillering stage (15 days after transplanting), active grain filling period (end of flowering and the beginning of seed filling) and lack of stress (control) were the main causes of drought stress. Irrigation was stopped for two days, and re-irrigation was performed periodically after the appearance of hairy cleavage. The type of nutrition system was considered as the sub-factors in the factorial pattern in terms of four levels of vermicomposting and Azolla compost, in the quantities of 6 and 8 tons per hectare, respectively, humic acid (4.5 litres per thousand litres of water), the conventional chemical fertilizers (NPK), and two cultivars (Shirodi and the local Tarom). The maximum paddy seed yield was obtained in the non-stress condition using humic acid in the cultivars of shirodi and local Tarom. The maximum proline content was obtained in the drought stress condition in the retransition growth stage using the conventional fertilizer in the local Tarom cultivar. Maximum free radical scavenging and phenol content was obtained in drought stress conditions applied in the mobilization phase using humic acid in local Tarom rice. The overall results of the research suggested that humic acid increases the resistance of rice cultivars against drought due to the reduction of oxidative damage compared to the other fertilizers resources and enhances the paddy seed yield by affecting the phytochemical process.

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Evaluation of traits related to bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) root in drought tolerance applied at the beginning of vegetative and reproductive stages

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2021.117.4.2166 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 117 (4) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Arman ESKANDARI SHAHRAKI ◽

Mohammad-Mehdi SOHANI ◽

Sadollah HOOSHMAND ◽

Ali AALAMI ◽

Habibullah SAMIZADEH

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Principal Component ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Reproductive Stage ◽

Vegetative Stage ◽

Root Characteristics ◽

Plot Design

<p class="042abstractstekst">Roots play an important role in wheat grain yield, especially under drought stress conditions. To investigate root characteristics under drought stress conditions in bread wheat, 90 lines F10 obtained from the crossing (‘Yecora Rojo’ × ‘Chinese Spring’) randomly with the parents of the population were examined. The study was conducted in the form of a split-plot design with a randomized complete block base in three conditions including: 1. no stress, 2. application of drought stress at the beginning of the vegetative stage, and 3. application of drought stress at the beginning of the reproductive stage. The results showed, interaction between genotype and condition of drought was significant for all root-related traits, except shallow root dry mass, at the level of 1 % probability. The response of root-related traits to different types of drought stress was very complex. The longest root length, decrease for 13.3 % was during stress at the beginning of the vegetative stage in comparison to non-stress conditions, while the same trait increased for 4.9 % during stress at the beginning of the reproductive stage, comparison to non-stress conditions. The results of principal component analysis under non-stress conditions showed that by considering the distribution of genotypes compared to the first two components, genotypes can be identified that have more yield with the proper root condition and vice versa.</p>

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