scholarly journals Modern Russia in focus of phraseology (based on the material of english language mediatexts)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
T. P. Filichkina
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Connotative Meaning ◽  
Modal Operators ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Media Outlet ◽  
Global World

The article focuses on the usage of idioms for characterizing the image of Russia in the English language media discourse. To understand the meaning of the phraseological unit one should apply the method of discourse analysis. The discourse analysis of the mediatext takes into account extra-linguistic, linguistic and cognitive factors. Extra-linguistic factors include political situation, current events, and ideology of a state and media outlet. Linguistic analysis provides for the investigation of the semantics of the idiom and its connotative potential. Cognitive analysis shows the intentions of the author to create either positive or negative opinion of events described. Connotative meaning is determined by means of linguocognitive analysis considering extra-linguistic factors. The semantics of the idiom contains subjective modalities (axiological, emotive and deontic) representing different assessments of the reality. Modality can be identified with cognitive-modal operators specifying different types of evaluation: rational, emotional, normative. The analysis of the semantic structure of phraseological units is conducted in our research. It is aimed at characterizing the role of Russia in the global world by means of idioms. The discourse approach enables to determine the connotative potential of phraseological units and to describe the image of our country in the English language mass media.

scholarly journals The Foregrounding Function of Praesens Historicum in Russian Translated Adventure Narratives (20th Century)

Slovene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia V. Urzha
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Young Readers ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
Common Basis ◽  
Narrative Forms

This research focuses on the functioning of praesens historicum forms which Russian translators use to substitute for English narrative forms referring to past events. The study applies the Theory of Grounding and Russian Communicative Functional Grammar to the comparative discourse analysis of English-language adventure stories and novels created in the 19th and 20th centuries and their Russian translations. The Theory of Grounding is still not widely used in Russian translation studies, nor have its concepts and fruitful ideas been related to the achievements of Russian Narratology and Functional Grammar. This article presents an attempt to find a common basis in these academic traditions as they relate to discourse analysis and to describe the role of praesens historicum forms in Russian translated adventure narratives. The corpus includes 22 original texts and 72 Russian translations, and the case study involves six Russian translations of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, focusing on the translation made by Korney Chukovsky, who employed historic present more often than in other translations of the novel. It is shown that the translation strategy of substituting the original English-language past forms with Russian present forms is realized in foregrounded and focalized segments of the text, giving them additional saliency. This strategy relates the use of historic present to the functions of deictic words and words denoting visual or audial perception, locating the deictic center of the narrative in the spacetime of the events and allowing the reader to join the focalizing WHO (a narrator or a hero). Translations that regularly mark the foreground through the use of the historic present and accompanying lexical-grammatical means are often addressed to young readers.

scholarly journals Precedent Phenomena as Means of Establishing Attractiveness in Polycode Internet Text

2020 ◽  
pp. 140-153
Author(s):  
Timur Radbil ◽  
Alexey Pomazov
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Cultural Information ◽  
Internet Media ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Initial Content ◽  
Media Texts ◽  
The University ◽  
Russian Universities

The article deals with the problem of precedent phenomena use for realization of the attractiveness effect. The role of traditional and innovative precedent phenomena (memes) in polycode internet media-text aimed at attracting attention of the audience to educational sites is under analysis. The material of the research is the content of Russian universities' educational sites and their official pages in VKontakte. The method of discourse analysis of polycode internet media-text and the standard structural-and-semantic and functional-and-semantic method of transformed precedent text analysis are applied in the work. The findings are that creators use various models of semantic, lexical-and-semantic, structural and syntactic transformation of basic traditional precedent phenomena in polycode internet media texts including ironic reinterpretation, amphiboly and "literalization of initial content". Internet-memes as instruments of attractiveness effect use some other semiotic mechanisms for attraction of the audience attention such as illogisms and visual blendings as well as different types of intertextual interaction. The author comes to a conclusion that precedent phenomena are of great perlocutive potential which allows to correlate basic cultural information in an initial precedent phenomenon with an actual one, meant by creator sense in transformed component. The results can be applied in optimization of the university site content.

scholarly journals The distinction between polysemy and homonymy on lexical ambiguity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Restu Resmiyati
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
English Language ◽  
Lexical Ambiguity ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Semantic Ambiguity ◽  
Ambiguous Words ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Multiple Meanings

The majority of words in the English language does not correspond to a single meaning, but rather correspond to two or more unrelated meanings (i.e., are homonymy) or multiple related senses (i.e., are polysemy). It has been proposed that the different types of “semantically-ambiguous words” (i.e., words with more than one meaning) are processed and represented differently in the human mind. Several review papers and books have been written on the subject of semantic ambiguity have investigated the role of the semantic similarity between the multiple meanings of ambiguous words on processing and representation. This paper attempts to identify salient traits of distinctions between the polysemy and the homonymy words in a language and how they form ambiguity. Key words: lexical ambiguity, polysemy, homonymy

scholarly journals Idioms as a means of creating the image of China in the English language media discourse

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-260
Author(s):  
Tatyana P. Filichkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
The Media

The article deals with the application of phraseological units in describing China in the English language media discourse. The evaluation in idioms is determined by means of discourse analysis which takes into account extra-linguistic, linguistic and cognitive factors. Subjective modalities specify the evaluative potential of idioms and show the mechanism of manipulating public opinion in the media discourse.

scholarly journals THE STUDY ABOUT GASTRONOMIC TOURISM AND GASTRONOMIC TOURISTS ISSUES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalila Tsatava ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Global World

Introduction and Goal. The process of globalization has shifted the world and a lot of things are changing in the tourism field as well, especially in gastronomic tourism. The food is modifying and the trapeze culture, rituals and attitudes that are one of the characteristics of the nation's identity, are facing extinction. The majority of nations are constantly trying to use the natural, historical and cultural resources to maintain their identity. In this context, it is important to successfully develop the gastronomic tourism capabilities. This process is linked to the recent "gastronomic boom". Based on the topic's relevance, we have tried describe the concept of gastronomic tourism and role of gastronomic tourist in the development of country's economy and culture. Theoretical and methodological basis of the research. The theoretical and methodological basis of this research are the contemporary Georgian and foreign scientific works on gastronomic tourism issues, expert evaluations, materials of international conferences dedicated to gastronomic tourism issues, historical and other sources. Results and Implications. Based on the research we have determined the concept of gastronomic tourism with its various forms. The reflexive moment which is one of the most important points in this area, is very evolving, so the scientific part should show more activity towards the topic of tourism, economics and culture. Conclusions. Understanding the gastronomic tourism as an important tourism business and the study of current events in the global world will help to develop gastronomic culture, maintain the identity of the nation, promote gastronomic tourism and enhance the economy of Georgia

scholarly journals SOCIOLINGUISTICS GENDER DISCOURSE ANALYSIS IN MEDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-73
Author(s):  
Elvira ABDURASHITOVA
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
English Language ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Gender Discourse ◽  
Femininity And Masculinity ◽  
The Media ◽  
Gender Aspect

The article is devoted to the study of gender realization in the English-language media discourse as a means of reflecting the changing trends in the concepts of femininity and masculinity. The study is carried out within the anthropocentric approach. The aim of this article is to highlight the theoretical frame of reference for the works included in this article. We intend to delimit the field of study for gender discourse analysis by highlighting the main theories and concepts that ensure its specificity. Interdisciplinary, which is the distinctive feature of gender discourse analysis, marks the evolution of research in this field that we are trying to capture in our proposed retrospective approach. The review of research that configures the domain of gender discourse analysis illustrates the latter relevance in deciphering the meaning of communication as an important qualitative research method in the field of communication sciences. On the other hand, the work identifies the specificity of gender representation in the language of contemporary gender-oriented magazines. The novelty of the paper is determined by the disclosure of the trends of new femininity and masculinity in media discourse. Additionally the media is commonly seen as a potential means of influence, control, and innovation in society. As a result, few significant social issues are addressed without some consideration of the role of the mass media. Gender issues are no exception, as illustrated by the following statement: The purpose of this article is to provide insights on the role of the media in status of men and women’s potential for socio-cultural change. The results show that the gender aspect in media discourse is manifested at the level of vocabulary, grammar and stylistics.

“Where is Dementia?” A Systematic Literature Review Exploring Neuroanatomical Aspects of Dementia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (15) ◽  
pp. 9-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chorong Oh ◽  
Leonard LaPointe
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Symptoms ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Precise Diagnosis ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Language Literature

Dementia is a condition caused by and associated with separate physical changes in the brain. The signs and symptoms of dementia are very similar across the diverse types, and it is difficult to diagnose the category by behavioral symptoms alone. Diagnostic criteria have relied on a constellation of signs and symptoms, but it is critical to understand the neuroanatomical differences among the dementias for a more precise diagnosis and subsequent management. With this regard, this review aims to explore the neuroanatomical aspects of dementia to better understand the nature of distinctive subtypes, signs, and symptoms. This is a review of English language literature published from 1996 to the present day of peer-reviewed academic and medical journal articles that report on older people with dementia. This review examines typical neuroanatomical aspects of dementia and reinforces the importance of a thorough understanding of the neuroanatomical characteristics of the different types of dementia and the differential diagnosis of them.

Potential Uses of Vinegar as a Medicine and Related in vivo Mechanisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 127-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeshan Ali ◽  
Zhenbin Wang ◽  
Rai Muhammad Amir ◽  
Shoaib Younas ◽  
Asif Wali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Positive Effect

While the use of vinegar to fi ght against infections and other crucial conditions dates back to Hippocrates, recent research has found that vinegar consumption has a positive effect on biomarkers for diabetes, cancer, and heart diseases. Different types of vinegar have been used in the world during different time periods. Vinegar is produced by a fermentation process. Foods with a high content of carbohydrates are a good source of vinegar. Review of the results of different studies performed on vinegar components reveals that the daily use of these components has a healthy impact on the physiological and chemical structure of the human body. During the era of Hippocrates, people used vinegar as a medicine to treat wounds, which means that vinegar is one of the ancient foods used as folk medicine. The purpose of the current review paper is to provide a detailed summary of the outcome of previous studies emphasizing the role of vinegar in treatment of different diseases both in acute and chronic conditions, its in vivo mechanism and the active role of different bacteria.

Prospective Memory Development Across the Lifespan

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha Zuber ◽  
Matthias Kliegel
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Present Model ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Integrative Framework

Abstract. Prospective Memory (PM; i.e., the ability to remember to perform planned tasks) represents a key proxy of healthy aging, as it relates to older adults’ everyday functioning, autonomy, and personal well-being. The current review illustrates how PM performance develops across the lifespan and how multiple cognitive and non-cognitive factors influence this trajectory. Further, a new, integrative framework is presented, detailing how those processes interplay in retrieving and executing delayed intentions. Specifically, while most previous models have focused on memory processes, the present model focuses on the role of executive functioning in PM and its development across the lifespan. Finally, a practical outlook is presented, suggesting how the current knowledge can be applied in geriatrics and geropsychology to promote healthy aging by maintaining prospective abilities in the elderly.

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